Preparation, properties, and structural characterization of β-glucan/pullulan blend films

Polysaccharide-Based Edible Films Incorporated with Essential Oil Nanoemulsions: Physico-Chemical, Mechanical Properties and Its Application in Food Preservation—A Review

“…To address these issues, many studies have been performed to prepare composite films by incorporating pullulan with one or more other polysaccharides. In Chang et al (2019) [ 40 ], β-glucan/pullulan composite edible films were successfully prepared with different ratios of pullulan and β-glucan by using the solvent casting method. The incorporation of β-glucan into pullulan-based edible films significantly increased the elongation at break, tensile strength, and water dissolution time of the resulting films, likely due to the formation of hydrogen bonds between pullulan and β-glucan.…”

Development of New Biodegradable Agar-Alginate Membranes for Food Packaging

“…The samples were cut into circles (Ø 3 cm) and sealed on top of an Erlenmeyer flask containing 3 g of sunflower oil. The flasks were held in a laboratory oven with air circulation ZRD-A5055 (Zhicheng, Analysis Instruments, Shangai, China) at 50 • C for five days [13].…”

“…where, V-is the volume of sodium thiosulphate used in the titration of the oil sample (mL), V 0 -the volume of sodium thiosulphate used in the titration of the control sample (mL), M-is the mass of oil used in determinations(g), C-is the concentration of sodium thiosulfate standard solution (mol/L), and 0.1269-is the mass of iodine (g) corresponding to 1 mL of sodium thiosulfate 0.01 m [13]. Since the amount of air enclosed in Erlenmeyer flasks will contribute to the oxidation of sample along with the oxygen transferred through membranes, an oil sample sealed in a flask with a polyethylene membrane, through which external oxygen does not penetrate, was used for comparison.…”

“…The curves of force (N) as a function of deformation (mm) were recorded by the Texture Expert Exceed software. Tensile strength was calculated by dividing the force for film rupture by the area of the transverse section and elongation at break was calculated from the ratio of the increase in length to the original length, according to ASTMD 638-14 [13].…”

“…Glycerol was chosen as a plasticizer, which is soluble in the chosen solvent (water) and it is miscible with the polymers in the composition [12]. The addition of glycerol plays an important role in disrupting the interactions between the molecular chains of polymers and rearranging them in another configuration, being characterized by the increase in the free volume between chains, enhancing flexibility, it also increases permeability to gases and vapors [13,14]. The barrier properties are extremely important especially for food packaging materials based on hydrophilic biopolymers.…”