Preparedness for a nuclear accident: removal of radioiodine from soil by chemical processing

Rosenberg, Brett L.; Steinhäuser, Georg

doi:10.1007/s10967-015-4376-y

Cited by 7 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…The conservative approach of our model is exemplified by the assumption of a complete transfer of radioiodine from the raw food into the final meal. One may assume that in the course of food preparation (e.g., peeling or cooking), a significant fraction of the contained radioiodine may be lost (either by mechanical removal or by dilution in the cooking water 45 , but not so much by heat-induced volatilization of the radioiodine species 46 , 47 ).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Japanese Food Data Challenge the Claimed Link between Fukushima’s Releases and Recently Observed Thyroid Cancer Increase in Japan

Steinhäuser

Chávez-Ortega

Vahlbruch

2017

Sci Rep

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Internal, high-dose exposure with radioiodine is known to increase the risk for thyroid cancer in children and adolescents. Ingestion of contaminated food is generally regarded a dominant route of internal exposure. We analyzed the huge data set of the post-Fukushima food monitoring campaign and deployed a conservative model for the estimation of the doses to the general public in a worst-case scenario. Our data suggest that the committed equivalent ingestion doses to the thyroids of the affected Japanese public, even in the utmost conservative approach, remained below the limit on ingestion of radioiodine in foodstuffs and beverages of 50 mSv (as thyroid equivalent dose). This level of 50 mSv is also the intervention level for the administration of stable iodine, mainly after inhalation. Our study hence suggests that, based on the food data, the internal exposure of Japanese residents was too low to cause a statistically discernible increase in thyroid cancer, even if the contribution from inhalation is taken into account. The data also indicate that the governmental efforts in the food monitoring campaign were successful and cut the thyroid doses to the public by a factor of approximately 3 compared to a scenario without any monitoring.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Japanese Food Data Challenge the Claimed Link between Fukushima’s Releases and Recently Observed Thyroid Cancer Increase in Japan

Steinhäuser

Chávez-Ortega

Vahlbruch

2017

Sci Rep

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“…Depending on detector efficiencies of the utilized γ-spectrometer, measurement geometry, levels of contamination, and the desired level of sensitivity, measurement time may be longer (or possibly even shorter). In addition, also chemical pretreatment for the removal of radioiodine may be required . From the point of view of rapidness, the RE-Resin is also preferred as the preparation of chemicals requires the least efforts and chemical lab skills (conditioning/loading/rinsing with half-concentrated HNO 3 and elution with H 2 O).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In addition, also chemical pretreatment for the removal of radioiodine may be required. 35 From the point of view of rapidness, the RE-Resin is also preferred as the preparation of chemicals requires the least efforts and chemical lab skills (conditioning/loading/rinsing with half-concentrated HNO 3 and elution with H 2 O).…”

Section: ■ Conclusionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Detection of Fuel Release in a Nuclear Accident: A Method for Preconcentration and Isolation of Reactor-Borne ²³⁹Np Using Ion-Specific Extraction Chromatography

2015

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Although actinides are the most informative elements with respect to the nature of a nuclear accident, plutonium analysis is complicated by the background created by fallout from atmospheric nuclear explosions. Therefore, we propose (239)Np, a short-lived actinide that emits several γ rays, as a preferred proxy. The aim of this study was to screen ion specific extraction chromatography resins (RE-, TEVA-, UTEVA-, TRU-, and Actinide-Resin) for the highest possible recovery and separation of trace amounts of (239)Np from samples with large activities of fission products such as radiocesium, radioiodine, and, most importantly, radiotellurium, the latter of which causes spectral interference in gamma spectrometry through overlapping peaks with (239)Np. The investigated environmental media for these separations were aqueous solutions simulating rainwater and soil. Spiked samples containing (239)Np and the aforementioned volatile radionuclides were separated through extraction chromatographic columns to ascertain the most effective means of separating (239)Np from other fission products for detection by gamma spectroscopy. We propose a method for nuclear accident preparedness based on the use of Eichrom's RE-Resin. The proposed method was found most effective for isolating (239)Np from interfering radionuclides in both aqueous solution and soil using 8 M HNO3 as the loading solution and H2O as the eluent. The RE-Resin outperforms the more commonly used TEVA-Resin because the TEVA-Resin showed a higher affinity for interfering radiotellurium and radioiodine.

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“…This material exhibited high I – selectivity in the presence of competitive ions (Cl – , Br – , and PO 4 – ), good recyclability, and a removal efficiency of approximately 94% after 7 cycles . Rosenberg et al reported the removal of 131 I from soil by chemical treatment in the presence and absence of I – carrier, H 2 O 2 , and AgNO 3 . The quantification of the I – removal was performed using gamma spectroscopic analysis, which showed that 45 ± 1% of I 2 was removed using AgNO 3 and carrier, although a lower performance of 17 ± 1% was achieved using H 2 O 2 and HNO 3 reagents.…”

Section: Removal Of Radioactive Iodidementioning

confidence: 99%

Recent Advances in the Removal of Radioactive Iodine and Iodide from the Environment

et al. 2023

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Iodine (I 2 ) in the form of iodide ions (I − ) is an essential chemical element in the human body. Iodine is a nonmetal that belongs to the VIIA group (halogens) in the periodic table. Over the last couple of centuries, the exponential growth of human society triggered by industrialization coincided with the use of iodine in a wide variety of applications, including chemical and biological processes. However, through these processes, the excess amount of iodine eventually ends up contaminating soil, underground water, and freshwater sources, which results in adverse effects. It enters the food chain and interferes with biological processes with serious physiological consequences in all living organisms, including humans. Existing removal techniques utilize different materials such as metal−organic frameworks, layered double hydroxides, ion-exchange resins, silver, polymers, bismuth, carbon, soil, MXenes, and magnetic-based materials. From our literature survey, it was clear that absorption techniques are the most frequently experimented with. In this Review, we have summarized current advancements in the removal of iodine and iodide from human-made contaminated aqueous waste.

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Preparedness for a nuclear accident: removal of radioiodine from soil by chemical processing

Cited by 7 publications

References 36 publications

Japanese Food Data Challenge the Claimed Link between Fukushima’s Releases and Recently Observed Thyroid Cancer Increase in Japan

Japanese Food Data Challenge the Claimed Link between Fukushima’s Releases and Recently Observed Thyroid Cancer Increase in Japan

Detection of Fuel Release in a Nuclear Accident: A Method for Preconcentration and Isolation of Reactor-Borne ²³⁹Np Using Ion-Specific Extraction Chromatography

Recent Advances in the Removal of Radioactive Iodine and Iodide from the Environment

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Preparedness for a nuclear accident: removal of radioiodine from soil by chemical processing

Cited by 7 publications

References 36 publications

Japanese Food Data Challenge the Claimed Link between Fukushima’s Releases and Recently Observed Thyroid Cancer Increase in Japan

Japanese Food Data Challenge the Claimed Link between Fukushima’s Releases and Recently Observed Thyroid Cancer Increase in Japan

Detection of Fuel Release in a Nuclear Accident: A Method for Preconcentration and Isolation of Reactor-Borne 239Np Using Ion-Specific Extraction Chromatography

Recent Advances in the Removal of Radioactive Iodine and Iodide from the Environment

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Detection of Fuel Release in a Nuclear Accident: A Method for Preconcentration and Isolation of Reactor-Borne ²³⁹Np Using Ion-Specific Extraction Chromatography