Preparing and characterizing the active carbon produced by steam and carbon dioxide as a heavy oil hydrocracking catalyst support

Fukuyama, Hidetsugu; Terai, Satoshi

doi:10.1016/j.cattod.2007.10.034

Cited by 28 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…In accordance with previous reports [17][18][19][20], activation of a lignocellulosic carbonised material with a mixture of nitrogen/steam begins to react above 1023 K and requires a reaction time of 10 h to obtain a burn-off close to 50%. In this study, the reaction began between 873 and 973 K, resulting in a wide burn-off interval due to the fact that the activating mixture contained a low percentage of air which accelerated the activation process.…”

Section: Activationsupporting

confidence: 81%

Preparation of activated carbons from seeds of Mucuna mutisiana by physical activation with steam

Vargas¹,

Gutiérrez²,

Moreno–Piraján³

2010

Journal of Analytical and Applied Pyrolysis

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Section: Activationsupporting

confidence: 81%

Preparation of activated carbons from seeds of Mucuna mutisiana by physical activation with steam

Vargas¹,

Gutiérrez²,

Moreno–Piraján³

2010

Journal of Analytical and Applied Pyrolysis

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“…As such, it is not only an important energy resource applied currently in conventional power plants but also a fuel particularly suitable for gasification and co-gasification systems for its higher reactivity when compared to bituminous coals [2,3,4]. Lignite is also a valuable parent material for the production of porous materials of tailored properties for various industrial applications [5,6,7,8]. The majority of them concerns sorption processes in the removal of contaminants, e.g., phenol, mercury, sulphur oxides, copper, and organic compounds from gaseous or liquid media [9,10,11,12,13,14].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Combined Effect of Pressure and Carbon Dioxide Activation on Porous Structure of Lignite Chars

Howaniec

2019

Materials

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Lignite is an important natural resource with the application potential covering present and future energy systems, including conventional power plants and gasification systems. Lignite is also a valuable precursor for the production of porous materials of tailored properties for various environmental applications, including the removal of contaminants from gaseous or liquid media. Although the lignite-based activated carbons are commercially available, various approaches to produce carbon materials of desired properties are still being reported, covering temperature, partial oxidation and chemical activation effects on surface and structural properties of these materials. Limited data is, however, available on the effects of pressure as the activation parameter in shaping the porous structure of carbonaceous materials, in particularly lignite-derived. In the study presented the combined effect of carbon dioxide activation and pressure in the range of 1–3 MPa at the temperature of 800 °C on the development of porous structure of lignite chars was reported. The study was also focused on poor-quality resources valorization by using a relatively low calorific value, low volatiles and high ash content lignite as a carbon material precursor. The results showed that the application of pressure in carbon dioxide-activation process at 800 °C results in generation of chars of comparable or higher specific surface area than the carbon materials previously received with demineralization and carbon dioxide activation of lignite. They also proved that the combined pressure and carbon dioxide activation may be effectively applied in conversion of low quality lignite into valuable porous materials.

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“…In some studies, the properties of the porous structure of chars, reflected in the total pore volume, pore area, and pore size distribution, were studied, since the shape and interconnections between pores significantly influence the physical properties of a material, such as its density, mechanical strength, and sorption capacity as well as thermal conductivity and mass flow in thermochemical processing [14,15]. The influence of pyrolysis temperature and heating rate [5,[16][17][18][19][20][21][22], fuel particle size [17,22,23], as well as physical or chemical pre-treatment of carbonaceous materials [24][25][26][27] on the porous structure of chars has also been reported. In a limited number of studies, the effects of pressure on char development were considered [3,8,9,12,[28][29][30].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of Porous Structure Parameters of Biomass Chars Versus Bituminous Coal and Lignite Carbonized at High Pressure and Temperature—A Chemometric Study

Smoliński

Howaniec

2017

Energies

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Abstract:The characteristics of the porous structure of carbonized materials affect their physical properties, such as density or strength, their sorption capacity, and their reactivity in thermochemical processing, determining both their applicability as fuels or sorbents and their efficiency in various processes. The porous structure of chars is shaped by the combined effects of physical and chemical properties of a carbonaceous material and the operating parameters applied in the carbonization process. In the study presented, the experimental dataset covering parameters of various fuels, ranging from biomass through lignite to bituminous coal, and chars produced at 1273 K and under the pressure of 1, 2, 3, and 4 MPa was analyzed with the application of the advanced method of data exploration. The principal component analysis showed that the sample of the highest coal rank was characterized by lower values of parameters reflecting the development of the porous structure of chars. A negative correlation was also observed between the carbon content in a fuel and the evolution of the porous structure of chars at high pressure. The highest total pore volume of chars produced under 1 and 3 MPa and the highest micropore surface area under 3 MPa were reported for a carbonized fuel sample of the highest moisture content.

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Preparing and characterizing the active carbon produced by steam and carbon dioxide as a heavy oil hydrocracking catalyst support

Cited by 28 publications

References 11 publications

Preparation of activated carbons from seeds of Mucuna mutisiana by physical activation with steam

Preparation of activated carbons from seeds of Mucuna mutisiana by physical activation with steam

Combined Effect of Pressure and Carbon Dioxide Activation on Porous Structure of Lignite Chars

Analysis of Porous Structure Parameters of Biomass Chars Versus Bituminous Coal and Lignite Carbonized at High Pressure and Temperature—A Chemometric Study

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