“…It follows that understanding the content of teaching may be challenging, even if students have a strong facility with conversational language or everyday interactions (Cummins, 2000;Lucas et al, 2008;Villegas, Saiz deLaMora, Martin, & Mills, 2018). It is typical that academic language skills develop more slowly than everyday language skills (Cummins, 2000;Villegas et al, 2018), and when students' home languages are different than the language of their instruction, they are both learning the language and through the language (Lucas et al, 2008;Lucas & Villegas, 2011). Moreover, language development varies for each individual, and it is influenced by a variety of psychological, social, and contextual factors (Ellis, 2008).…”