Preparing the optimal emergency response protocols by MOPSO for a real-world water distribution network

Contamination event diagnosis in drinking water networks: A review

“…Previous studies have listed a number of response actions that can be used during emergency management situations in contaminated WDS. These include: water network partitioning for the creation of isolated network sections (Ciaponi et al, 2018(Ciaponi et al, , 2019, pipe valve closure to change the network topology and isolate contaminated areas (Hu et al, 2022;Palleti et al, 2018), flushing water from hydrants to remove contaminated water from the network (Moghaddam et al, 2022(Moghaddam et al, , 2020Fasaee et al, 2020;Hu et al, 2020b), warning consumers to change water use (Shafiee & Zechman, 2013;Kadinski et al, 2022), filtration of water (Cossali et al, 2016;Montenegro-Ayo et al, 2020;Silvestry-Rodriguez et al, 2007), boosting disinfection (Parks & VanBriesen, 2009;Karamouz et al, 2022;Van Bel et al, 2019;Helbling & VanBriesen, 2009), and slug-feed disinfection (Qiu et al, 2021). A combination of the aforementioned strategies can be applied to have a more effective response strategy.…”

“…Different impact metrics used in the literature include: Minimization of the number of contaminated nodes, using a function that defines whether a node is contaminated or not based on a threshold applied to the contaminant concentration, or minimization of the total contaminant concentration at nodes (Afshar & Najafi, 2014;Bashi-Azghadi et al, 2017;Moghaddam et al, 2020); Minimization of the number of exposed individuals, using a function that calculates the number of people affected at a node based on the population at the node (Zechman, 2013;Moghaddam et al, 2022); Minimization of the volume of contaminated water consumed, using a function of the demand when the concentration at a node is above a threshold (Preis & Ostfeld, 2008b;Guidorzi et al, 2009;Bashi-Azghadi et al, 2017;? ); Maximization of the flushed contamination mass by the hydrant set, using a function that calculates the contaminant mass that exits the network from hydrant flushing locations (Fasaee et al, 2020).…”

Application of modified seagull optimization algorithm with archives in urban water distribution networks: Dealing with the consequences of sudden pollution load

“…et al [ 22 ] created the best emergency response methods using MO (multi-objective) particle swarm optimization. They also estimated the danger of pollutants getting into the network.…”

Multi objective simulation–optimization operation of dam reservoir in low water regions based on hedging principles

“…Due to the fast performance of this algorithm in selecting superior responses in each iteration on the basis of the simultaneous evaluation of conflicting goal functions on the Pareto graph, this algorithm has received more attention by researchers than the usual PSO (Sen et al 2017). In many recent studies, the MOPSO algorithm has replaced the PSO to solve complex problems of water resources with multiple objective functions (Rezaei et al 2017;Mousavi et al 2017;Xilin et al 2019;Moghaddam et al 2020;Rezaei et al 2020 ). In this research, the MOPSO algorithm is used to optimize the system.…”