Prepregnancy Obesity and Periodontitis Among Pregnant Females With and Without Gestational Diabetes Mellitus

Xie, Youmei; Xiong, Xu; Elkind‐Hirsch, Karen; Pridjian, Gabriella; Maney, Pooja; Delarosa, Robert L.; Buekens, Pierre

doi:10.1902/jop.2013.130502

Cited by 28 publications

(35 citation statements)

References 60 publications

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“…The findings of the present study did not show an association between obesity in pregnant women and periodontitis after adjustment for probable confounding covariables, contrary to previous studies that found a positive association . Given the paucity of research on this topic, the findings presented in this study deserve to be carefully discussed and compared to those previously published.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 99%

Obesity and periodontitis are not associated in pregnant women

Gomes‐Filho

Batista

Trindade

et al. 2019

J of Periodontal Research

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Objective The objective of this study was to investigate an association between obesity (exposure) and periodontitis (outcome) in pregnant women. Background This association was investigated and only five studies were identified as showing a positive association. However, some of these studies had limitations such as reduced sample sizes, inadequate exposure criteria and outcome measures, which question the internal validity of these investigations. Methods A cross‐sectional study was carried out with a sample of 644 pregnant women of the public health service of the municipality of Santo Antônio de Jesus, Bahia, Brazil. Data were obtained by collecting of socioeconomic‐demographic information, health behavior, health conditions, and reproductive history through an interview. Obesity was evaluated using body mass index adjusted for gestational age and expected weight gain. The diagnosis of periodontitis followed two criteria: (a) Center for Disease Prevention and Control and American Academy of Periodontology (CDC/AAP); (b) Gomes‐Filho et al (2018) using criterion that also evaluated bleeding upon probing; Prevalence ratios and respective 95% confidence intervals were obtained by Poisson regression analysis. Results In accordance with the outcome diagnostic criterion, the frequency of periodontitis was 17.24% (Gomes‐Filho et al) and 66.92% (CDC/AAP). The participants were classified as low weight (19.72%), adequate weight (42.39%), overweight (24.84%), and obesity (13.04%), based on the exposure diagnostic criterion. The low weight and overweight groups were excluded from the data analysis, giving a final sample of 357 pregnant women. The association between obesity in pregnant women and periodontitis was not statistically significant, after adjusting for confounders such as age, schooling level, alcoholic beverage consumption, alimentary and nutritional orientation, urinary infection, and dental flossing. Conclusions The findings showed a high frequency of periodontitis, obesity, and overweight in the studied population but no association between obesity and periodontitis in pregnant women was found.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 99%

Obesity and periodontitis are not associated in pregnant women

Gomes‐Filho

Batista

Trindade

et al. 2019

J of Periodontal Research

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“…Some previous studies have reported a positive association between excessive weight and periodontitis during pregnancy. Nonetheless, these studies used different methodologies for the classification of periodontitis and nutritional status.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Systemic and oral conditions of pregnant women with excessive weight assisted in a private health system

Fusco

Foratori‐Junior

Missio

et al. 2019

International Dental Journal

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Objective This observational cross‐sectional study aimed to evaluate systemic and oral conditions in pregnant women with excessive pre‐pregnancy weight (PEW) and normal pre‐pregnancy weight (PNW) who underwent follow‐up in the private healthcare system during the third trimester of pregnancy. Methods Fifty pregnant women were evaluated from August 2017 to February 2018 and divided into two groups: women with PEW (n = 25); and those with PNW (n = 25). Their weight and body mass index (BMI), periodontal disease status, stimulated salivary flow, and systemic condition were evaluated. Statistical analyses were conducted using t‐test, Mann–Whitney test, chi‐square test and binary logistic regression (P < 0.05). Results The groups did not differ in age, educational level or monthly household income (P > 0.05). The PEW group had a higher frequency of arterial hypertension (P = 0.019) and excessive weight gain during gestation (P = 0.010), sought dental services less frequently, and had increased severity of periodontitis (P < 0.0001). Both groups presented low salivary flow, with no intergroup difference. In the final binary logistic regression models, high maternal pre‐pregnancy BMI was a significant predictor of arterial hypertension and periodontitis during the third trimester of gestation; maternal excessive weight gain was also a significant predictor of periodontitis during pregnancy. Conclusion Women with PEW who underwent follow‐up in a private healthcare system had a higher prevalence of arterial hypertension and worse periodontal status during the third trimester of pregnancy as compared to women with normal weight.

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“…This is in accordance with Neuman et al who identified a lower occupational status limiting the use of dental services. 21 On oral examination, 20.5% of the patients had poor oral hygiene. This suggests that periodontitis is associated with poor oral hygiene.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Novel Complementary Alternative Medicine: An In-Vitro Evaluation of Efficacy of Nigella sativa Extract as an Antibacterial Agent against Porphyromonas gingivalis

Waris¹,

Saleem²,

Arshad³

et al. 2017

APMC

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Introduction: Periodontitis is an inflammatory disease which causes progressive destruction of the periodontium resulting in pocket formation, gingival recession and tooth loss. The overwhelming cost of periodontal treatment, unpleasant side effects of antibiotics, emergence of new bacterial strains and their resistance call for an alternative treatment modality which can address all these issues. Nigella sativa is an annual herbaceous plant. It is commonly known as black seed which has been used for more than 2000 years as a natural remedy. Numerous studies have confirmed the biological functions of black seed and demonstrated its anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, antifungal and anticancer activity. Objective: To determine the frequency of Porphyromonas gingivalis in chronic periodontitis patients and evaluate the efficacy of black seed extract against it. Methodology: Porphyromonas gingivalis was isolated from subgingival plaque samples and identified up to species level. Ethanolic extract of black seed was screened for antibacterial activity by agar well diffusion and agar dilution method. A reference strain of Porphyromonas gingivalis ATCC 33277 was used as quality control. Results: All the tested strains of Porphyromonas gingivalis were sensitive to ethanolic extract of black seed at concentrations 25, 50, 75 and 100%. The extract had an MIC range of 2-4mg/ml. Conclusion: These results indicate that ethanolic extract of black seed has potent antibacterial activity against Porphyromonas gingivalis. So black seed extract can be used in periodontal therapy as an adjuvant to scaling.

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Prepregnancy Obesity and Periodontitis Among Pregnant Females With and Without Gestational Diabetes Mellitus

Abstract: There is a positive association between prepregnancy obesity and periodontitis among pregnant females.

Cited by 28 publications

References 60 publications

Obesity and periodontitis are not associated in pregnant women

Obesity and periodontitis are not associated in pregnant women

Systemic and oral conditions of pregnant women with excessive weight assisted in a private health system

A Novel Complementary Alternative Medicine: An In-Vitro Evaluation of Efficacy of Nigella sativa Extract as an Antibacterial Agent against Porphyromonas gingivalis

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