Preroughening of crystal surfaces and energy differences between inside and outside corners

Kosterlitz–Thouless physics: a review of key issues

“…x c where the Ising and XY transition lines cross, as shown in figure 32, center. There has been some discussion that new critical behavior might be found in isotropic systems at a transition in a new universality class between a fully ordered to a disordered phase [296,309,[315][316][317]. This was later shown not to happen by Olsson by large scale simulations which were sufficiently accurate to distinguish the two transitions [318,319].…”

“…The XY-Ising model of (207) describes the critical behavior of a surprising number of models, including the 4-state Potts model and also contains the much discussed points where Ising and XY degrees of freedom are simultaneously critical at − =± A B x c where the Ising and XY transition lines cross, as shown in figure 32, center. There has been some discussion that new critical behavior might be found in isotropic systems at a transition in a new universality class between a fully ordered to a disordered phase [296,309,[315][316][317]. This was later shown not to happen by Olsson by large scale simulations which were sufficiently accurate to distinguish the two transitions [318,319].…”

Electrode Surface Roughness

“…To the group of the SOS models belongs also the recently developed RSOS (Restricted SOS) model elaborated by den Nijs [16]. The Hamiltonian of this model has the form r,r' r,r"…”

“…Den Nijs [16] has predicted the existence of a disorder flat phase intermediate between the flat and the rough phase. The last sum is over all possible interactions R of four adjacent columns.…”