Presbycusis Values in Relation to Noise Induced Hearing Loss

Spoor, A.

doi:10.3109/05384916709074230

Cited by 179 publications

(41 citation statements)

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“…Approximately 30% of those over the age of 65, moreover, have a significant hearing loss (Herbst, 1983; NCHS, 1977 NCHS, , 1986. This hearing loss, usually a high-frequency sensorineural hearing loss (Corso, 1959;Spoor, 1967), reduces the ability to understand natural speech (CHABA, 1988). Computersynthesized speech is considered to be a degraded or impoverished speech signal, lacking…”

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Recognition of Synthetic Speech by Hearing-Impaired Elderly Listeners

Humes

Nelson

Pisoni

1991

J Speech Lang Hear Res

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The Modified Rhyme Test (MRT), recorded using natural speech and two forms of synthetic speech, DECtalk and Votrax, was used to measure both open-set and closed-set speechrecognition performance. Performance of hearing-impaired elderly listeners was compared to two groups of young normal-hearing adults, one listening in quiet, and the other listening in a background of spectrally shaped noise designed to simulate the peripheral hearing loss of the elderly. Votrax synthetic speech yielded significant decrements in speech recognition compared to either natural or DECtalk synthetic speech for all three subject groups. There were no differences in performance between natural speech and DECtalk speech for the elderly hearing-impaired listeners or the young listeners with simulated hearing loss. The normal-hearing young adults listening in quiet out-performed both of the other groups, but there were no differences in performance between the young listeners with simulated hearing loss and the elderly hearingimpaired listeners. When the closed-set identification of synthetic speech was compared to its open-set recognition, the hearing-impaired elderly gained as much from the reduction in stimulus/ response uncertainty as the two younger groups. Finally, among the elderly hearing-impaired listeners, speech-recognition performance was correlated negatively with hearing sensitivity, but scores were correlated positively among the different talker conditions. Those listeners with the greatest hearing loss had the most difficulty understanding speech and those having the most trouble understanding natural speech also had the greatest difficulty with synthetic speech. Keywords speech recognition; synthetic speech; hearing impaired; elderly; context The present study addresses a problem arising from the convergence of two trends, one technological and the other demographic. The technological trend has to do with the increased use of computer-synthesized speech in today's society. Examples include talking calculators, recorded telephone services, travel consultants, weather information, and telemarketing messages. The demographic trend involves the rapid growth of the segment of the American population over the age of 65 years. Currently comprising about 11%-12% of the U.S. population, individuals over age 65 have been projected to comprise 20%-25% of the U.S. population by the year 2025 (NCHS, 1986). Approximately 30% of those over the age of 65, moreover, have a significant hearing loss (Herbst, 1983; NCHS, 1977 NCHS, , 1986. This hearing loss, usually a high-frequency sensorineural hearing loss (Corso, 1959;Spoor, 1967), reduces the ability to understand natural speech (CHABA, 1988). Computersynthesized speech is considered to be a degraded or impoverished speech signal, lacking

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confidence: 99%

Recognition of Synthetic Speech by Hearing-Impaired Elderly Listeners

Humes

Nelson

Pisoni

1991

J Speech Lang Hear Res

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“…During this period both sexes show a slight and gradual loss. Following age 50 men show an accelerated loss relative to women for frequencies of 3,000 Hz and above (Spoor, 1967). Corso (1963) states that the onset of presbycusis is more gradual and uniform for women, but that once started it is more rapid for women.…”

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Comparison of vibrotactile threshold and suprathreshold responses in men and women

Verrillo

1979

Perception & Psychophysics

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Vibrotactile thresholds were measured on the thenar eminence of 12 men and 12 women at 10 sinusoidal frequencies. No significant differences between the two groups were observed. Magnitude estimation and production procedures carried out with 6 men and 6 women from the same groups showed that women perceive suprathreshold vibration stimuli as more intense than do men, although women and men do not differ in their estimation of the length of lines.Differences in threshold sensrtrvity for men and women have been reported for several sense modalities. Auditory acuity, for instance, is about the same up to approximately age 50. During this period both sexes show a slight and gradual loss. Following age 50 men show an accelerated loss relative to women for frequencies of 3,000 Hz and above (Spoor, 1967). Corso (1963) states that the onset of presbycusis is more gradual and uniform for women, but that once started it is more rapid for women.Procacci, Zoppi, Maresca, and Romano (1974) report that women are more sensitive to pain than men throughout the age span. They showed also that pain thresholds in women are closely related to the menstrual cycle. Others report little if any differences in pain thresholds (Clark & Mehl, 1971). Sensitivity to odors has been shown to be more acute in women (Koelega, 1970; Koster, 1965;Schneider, 1967) and also to be related to the menstrual cycle (Koster, 1965;Le Magnen, 1953). The author was unable to find comparative studies between men and women regarding visual acuity.Women were found to be more sensitive to vibration than men by Goff, Rosner, Detre, and Kennard (1965), who also report a gradual loss of sensitivity for women with age beginning in the late teens. Men, on the other hand, were found to have stable thresholds to 45 years of age before sensitivity decreases. A number of studies, however, found no differences between men and women with respect to vibrotactile threshold measurements (Plumb & Meigs, 1961;Steinberg & Graber, 1963;Verrillo & Ecker, 1977).All of the studies relating to sensory functions and sex report threshold data. None have dealt with suprathreshold phenomena. The present investigation was undertaken to determine if differences exist be- tween men and women in their sensitivity to vibration and in their perceived magnitudes of suprathreshold stimuli. APPARATUS AND METHODThe subjects were seated with forearm and hand, palm down, resting on a rigid surface. The vibrator was located on an adjustable platform beneath the rigid surface with the 2.9-cm 2 contactor protruding through a hole in the surface. The gap between the contactor and the edge of the rigid surround was 1.0 mm. Before testing, the height of the vibrator was carefully adjusted so that the contactor pressed 1.0 mm into the skin of the thenar eminence. During testing, the sound of the vibrator was masked by narrowband noise centered at the test frequency and delivered through earphones.Vibrotactile detection thresholds were determined for 12 men and 12 women using a Bekesy automatic recording ...

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“…Zur Hörfähigkeit im Alter liegen eine Reihe von Daten aus der Vergangenheit vor, die bekanntesten Audiogrammwerte hat Spoor [35] in einer Metaanalyse zusammengefasst.Lehnhardt hat bereits 1978 [24] kritisch angemerkt, Presbyakusis sei nur dann als physiologische Hörminderung im Alter zu bezeichnen,wenn der durch Umwelteinflüsse und sonstige Komorbiditä-ten hervorgerufene Hörverlust davon abgegrenzt werde. Die 2 von Lehnhardt veröffentlichten Kurven (⊡ Abb.1) zeigen für den "Normalfall" einen nur ganz gering ausgeprägten Hörverlust in den hohen Frequenzen,während der mittlere Hörverlust des Gesamtkollektivs, in denen auch Fälle mit alterspathologischer Schwerhörigkeit eingehen,den von Spoor [34] errechneten Kurven weitgehend ähnelt.…”

Section: Presbyakusisunclassified

H�rger�te im Alter

Hesse

2004

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Presbycusis Values in Relation to Noise Induced Hearing Loss

Cited by 179 publications

References 1 publication

Recognition of Synthetic Speech by Hearing-Impaired Elderly Listeners

Recognition of Synthetic Speech by Hearing-Impaired Elderly Listeners

Comparison of vibrotactile threshold and suprathreshold responses in men and women

H�rger�te im Alter

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