Preschool children’s physical activity and cardiovascular disease risk: A systematic review

Bell, Lisa A.; Fletcher, Elly; Timperio, Anna; Vuillermin, Peter; Hesketh, Kylie

doi:10.1016/j.jsams.2018.11.021

Cited by 12 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…The strengths of this study include: (1) The utilisation of accelerometers to objectively measure PA; (2) the use of a reliable and aligned tool to assess both perceived and actual FMS; (3) and that new information provided support for the conceptual model proposed by Stodden and colleagues [5]. However, several limitations need to be recognised.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…Early childhood is a crucial developmental stage for the establishment of a physically active lifestyle [1]. A recent systematic review synthesised evidence from 96 studies on the health implications of physical activity (PA) and indicated that PA participation had been consistently and favourably associated with multiple health indicators in early childhood years [2].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Association between Physical Activity and Fundamental Movement Skills in Preschool-Aged Children: Does Perceived Movement Skill Competence Mediate This Relationship?

Cairney³

et al. 2021

IJERPH

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Objectives: The purpose of this research is to examine whether perceived fundamental movement skills (FMS) competence mediated the relationship between actual FMS and physical activity (PA) in Hong Kong preschool-aged children. Design: A cross−sectional study. Methods: 148 preschool-aged children (43% girls; mean age = 4.52 ± 0.67 years) from five preschools/childcare centres completed all assessments. Actual FMS was rated using the Test of Gross Motor Development−2, whilst perceived FMS was assessed via the Pictorial Scale for Perceived Movement Skill Competence. PA was measured through accelerometry. A bootstrap method was used to assess the potential mediating effect of perceived movement skill competence on the relationship between actual FMS and PA. All mediation models were adjusted for sex and age. Results: Mediation analyses showed that the direct path between actual FMS and moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) was significant (b = 0.228, p = 0.008), as was the path between MVPA and actual FMS (b = 0.214, p = 0.008). However, perceived FMS competence did not mediate the association between actual FMS and MVPA in the models. Conclusions: Our results showed evidence of reciprocal pathways between actual FMS and MVPA, reinforcing the need to simultaneously target both domains as part of broader developmental strategies, initiated in early childhood. Unlike emergent adolescence, perceptions of movement skill competence do not play a significant role in influencing the relationship between actual FMS proficiency and MVPA in this developmental period.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Association between Physical Activity and Fundamental Movement Skills in Preschool-Aged Children: Does Perceived Movement Skill Competence Mediate This Relationship?

Cairney³

et al. 2021

IJERPH

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“…Insufficient physical activity between children and adolescents is highly correlated with metabolic diseases in adulthood, especially increasing the risk of diseases such as metabolic obesity, type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), cardiovascular disease (CVD), and cancer [4]. To achieve the goal of reducing the insufficient rate of physical activity by 15% in 2030, it is necessary to enhance the level of physical activity of children and adolescents [5].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

High-Intensity Interval Training Improves physical morphology, Cardiopulmonary Fitness and Metabolic Risk Indicators of Cardiovascular Disease in Children and Adolescents: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Men

Zou

et al. 2022

Preprint

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Objective: To systematically evaluate the safety and efficacy of high-intensity interval training in children and adolescents. Design: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Methods: Eight databases were searched. Descriptive analysis of the efficacy and safety of high-intensity interval training on body shape, cardiorespiratory fitness, and metabolic risk markers for cardiovascular disease between children and adolescents. Subgroup analysis was performed with age, participants, intervention time, and exercise frequency as covariates. Results: 47 studies included 2995 children and adolescents. Meta-analysis results showed that high-intensity interval training significantly improved cardiorespiratory fitness indicators (VO2max, SBP, DBP and HRmax) and cardiovascular disease metabolic risk indicators (TC, HDL-C). HIIT had no significant effect on body shape indicators (BMI, BF% and WC) and some cardiometabolic indicators (TG and LDL-C). Conclusion: Current evidence shows insufficient evidence that high-intensity interval training with intermittent running as the main form of exercise improves body shape indicators in children and adolescents. Nevertheless, it deserves to recommend for the purpose of improving cardiorespiratory fitness and reducing the metabolic risk of cardiovascular disease.

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“…1 Higher levels of PA in preschool-aged children are associated with several physical and psychosocial health benefits, such as obesity prevention, bone and skeletal health, motor skill development, reduced cardiovascular disease risks, and increased cognitive development, academic achievement, and prosocial behavior. [2][3][4][5] Moreover, preschoolers' adherence to PA guidelines provides useful information that helps policy makers understand their PA levels. Since there are different PA guidelines worldwide, each country has separately investigated its proportions of children during early childhood who adhered to its own PA guidelines.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Adherence to the Japanese Physical Activity Guideline During Early Childhood Among Rural Preschoolers: A Cross-sectional Study

Fukushima

Abe

Kitayuguchi³

et al. 2021

Journal of Epidemiology

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Background: Physical activity (PA) guidelines for early childhood have been established worldwide, and adherence to PA guidelines has been utilized to assess the effectiveness of policies regarding PA promotion. Although there is a Japanese PA guideline for preschoolers, little is known about adherence to this recommendation. This study examined and compared proportions of meeting the Japanese PA guideline among preschoolers. Methods: Participants comprised 821 children aged 3-6 years from all 21 preschools and childcare facilities (hereafter collectively "preschools") within Unnan city, Shimane prefecture, Japan. Data on PA levels were collected through a parent-report questionnaire in accordance with the Japanese PA guideline. This guideline recommends that preschoolers perform PA for at least 60 minutes every day. Analyses included descriptive statistics, chi-squared, and Mann-Whitney's tests to compare adherence to the PA guideline. Results: Data of 441 participants from 20 preschools were analyzed. Of these, 292 (66.2%) preschoolers met the PA guideline. Boys (70.2%) showed a significantly higher proportion of meeting the PA guideline than girls (61.2%; p = 0.048). Proportions of meeting the PA guideline among preschool grades were not statistically different. Prevalence rates of meeting the PA guideline among 20 preschools considerably varied from 14.3% to 100% (p = 0.007).

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Preschool children’s physical activity and cardiovascular disease risk: A systematic review

Cited by 12 publications

References 35 publications

Association between Physical Activity and Fundamental Movement Skills in Preschool-Aged Children: Does Perceived Movement Skill Competence Mediate This Relationship?

Association between Physical Activity and Fundamental Movement Skills in Preschool-Aged Children: Does Perceived Movement Skill Competence Mediate This Relationship?

High-Intensity Interval Training Improves physical morphology, Cardiopulmonary Fitness and Metabolic Risk Indicators of Cardiovascular Disease in Children and Adolescents: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Adherence to the Japanese Physical Activity Guideline During Early Childhood Among Rural Preschoolers: A Cross-sectional Study

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