Prescribed burning and understory composition in a temperate deciduous forest, Ohio, USA

Glasgow, Lance S.; Matlack, Glenn R.

doi:10.1016/j.foreco.2006.08.344

Cited by 45 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 58 publications

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“…This would suggest that controlling browse is necessary for these disturbance-dependent tree species to respond as expected. As a shade-intolerant species that responds to disturbances, the increases in yellow-poplar we document may be due to prescribed fire removing leaf litter and favoring germination of abundant yellow-poplar seed (Glasgow and Matlack 2007).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 86%

Reversing legacy effects in the understory of an oak-dominated forest

et al. 2014

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Current forests developed under conditions different from original forests, with higher deer densities, reduced fire frequency, denser canopies, and smaller canopy gaps. These alterations have led to understories dominated by species simultaneously browse tolerant, shade tolerant, and fire sensitive leading to difficulties in the regeneration of oak species (Quercus spp.) in some areas. We evaluated how three key processes -understory fire, canopy gaps, and browsing -influenced tree species in east central West Virginia. We were particularly interested in the response of oak species because they are the dominant overstory species and of maple species (Acer spp.), black birch (Betula lenta L.), and yellow-poplar (Liriodendron tulipifera L.) as these are likely to replace the current forest. Single-process effects were significant and significant interactions among processes were numerous. In general, fire caused significant reductions of seedlings and saplings of red maple (Acer rubrum L.) and striped maple (Acer pensylvanicum L.) and increased the seedlings of black birch and yellow-poplar. Canopy gaps increased the abundance of black birch and yellow-poplar seedlings and saplings. Gaps and fire together caused an increase in the relative abundance of yellow-poplar. Excluding browsers and creating canopy gaps together nearly doubled oak sapling importance values versus either treatment alone; however, oak importance values remained low. Given the significant interactions of browse control with the other two processes, browse control should be considered when planning oak regeneration treatments such as canopy gaps or prescribed fire. Résumé :Les forêts actuelles se sont développées sous des conditions différentes de celles des forêts d'origine, soit une densité plus élevée de cerfs, une fréquence de feu plus faible et un couvert forestier plus dense comportant de plus petites trouées. Ces modifications ont produit des sous-étages dominés par des espèces simultanément tolérantes au broutement, tolérantes à l'ombre et sensibles au feu, ce qui a causé des problèmes de régénération des espèces de chêne à certains endroits. Nous avons déterminé de quelle façon trois processus clés : les feux en sous-étage, les trouées dans le couvert forestier et le broutement, ont influencé la présence d'espèces d'arbre dans le centre-est de la Virginie occidentale. Nous étions particulièrement intéressés par la réaction des espèces de chêne, parce qu'elles sont les espèces dominantes du couvert, et par les érables, le bouleau noir et le tulipier de Virginie, parce que ces espèces remplaceront probablement les espèces dominantes actuelles. Les effets simples des processus étaient significatifs et les interactions significatives entre les processus étaient nombreuses. En général, le feu a significativement réduit le nombre de semis et de gaules d'érables rouge et de Pennsylvanie, et a augmenté le nombre de semis de bouleau noir et de tulipier de Virginie. Les trouées dans le couvert forestier ont causé une augmentation de l'abondance ...

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 86%

Reversing legacy effects in the understory of an oak-dominated forest

et al. 2014

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“…Ecotones had roughly 20% greater horizontal cover attributable to greater understory woody vegetation than the upland pine vegetation type. Repeated growing‐season burns may suppress hardwood midstory and overstory encroachment from bottomlands into ecotone, and moisture in ecotones may decrease fire intensity and allow understory woody vegetation to persist (Glasgow and Matlack , Knapp et al ). Alternatively, in more xeric uplands, growing‐season burns reduce woody stem densities (Waldrop et al , Brockway and Lewis ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Wild turkey nest survival and nest-site selection in the presence of growing-season prescribed fire

et al. 2014

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Concerns about destruction of wild turkey (Meleagris gallopavo) nests traditionally restricted the application of prescribed‐fire to the dormant season in the southeastern United States. Periodic dormant‐season burns were used to open forest understories and increase forage and nesting cover for wild turkeys. However, much of the Southeast historically burned during late spring and early summer (i.e., growing season), which tended to decrease understory woody vegetation and promote grasses and forbs, an important spring and summer food for wild turkeys. Despite the potential benefits of growing‐season burns, landscape‐scale application coincident with turkey nesting may destroy nests and reduce or redistribute woody nesting cover. We determined turkey nest‐site selection and nest survival in a landscape managed with frequent growing‐season burns. We monitored radio‐tagged female wild turkeys to locate nests and determine nest survival. We compared vegetation composition and structure at nest sites to random sites within dominant cover types and calculated the probability of nest destruction as the product of the proportion of wild turkey nests active and the proportion of the landscape burned. Females selected shrub‐dominated lowland ecotones (a transitional vegetation community between upland pine and bottomland hardwoods) for nesting and avoided upland pine. Ecotones had greater cover than upland pine and estimated nest survival in lowlands (60%) was greater than in uplands (10%). Although approximately 20% of the study area was burned concurrent with nesting activity, only 3.3% of monitored nests were destroyed by fire, and we calculated that no more than 6% of all turkey nests were exposed to fire annually on our study site. We suggest that growing‐season burns have a minimal direct effect on turkey nest survival but may reduce nesting cover and structural and compositional heterogeneity in uplands, especially on poor quality soils. A combination of dormant and growing‐season burns may increase nesting cover in uplands, while maintaining open stand conditions. © 2014 The Wildlife Society.

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“…Growth of M. vimineum is reportedly suppressed by leaf litter (Cole and Weltzin, 2004), however, the litter removal treatment did not affect height in this study. Hot burns did not reduce the density of any potential competitor (Glasgow and Matlack, 2007), so height growth cannot be interpreted as competitive release. Nor did height respond to lime addition.…”

Section: Microstegium Vimineummentioning

confidence: 94%