Presence and Levels of Anti-GM3 Antibodies and GM3 Ganglioside Molecules in Probes from Experimental In Vitro-Models

Abstract

Background:The current study was directed to determine the values of both GM3 ganglioside and specific anti-GM3 antibodies in in vitro-incubated normal cells, malignant cell and mixed cultures of co-cultivated cells from both types as well. So a better understanding of the molecular mechanisms, underlining differences between various cellular types and changes during the process of cell differentiation was necessary.Methods:Total lysates from cultivated normal cells from mouse embryos, mouse malignant myeloma line and mixed of both were prepared and passed through GSH-Agarose Columns. Molecules with affinity to the reduced form of Glutathione (GSH) were separated. The levels of ganglioside GM3 and of specific antibodies to it were assessed by enzyme-linked immuno-sorbent assay (ELISA) technique. Results:In the normal cells' lysate, supplemented with molecules, possessing affinity to GSH the lowest values were assessed. These differences could be due to contention of many non-possessing such affinity molecules in equal volume of biological material, as well as with the presence of various bonded forms of GM3. Conclusions:The data obtained confirm literature data about the increased levels of GM3 as a marker for malignancy. We propose derivation of lymphoid-like cells from the embryonic progenitors. Another hypothesis could be the production of immunoglobulins (IgG antibodies) from non-lymphoid cells in appropriate conditions.

Neuromarketing: a Tool to Understand Consumer Behaviour

“…Generally, neuromarketing is employed in six principal areas. The spectrum of neuromarketing research includes studies from evaluating label and package design and testing video and print advertising to product placement on shelves and the user journey in shopping centers (Bhatia, 2014;Kolyovska, Maslarova, Maslarov, 2016). One of the fi rst neuromarketing researchers was the neurology professor Read Montague, who conducted a neuromarketing experiment using functional magnetic resonance imaging in 2003.…”

“…Finally, entertainment can create experiences in individuals' minds that may impact their attitudes, preferences and behaviours. It explores how entertainment can transport people into an imaginary world, and the effects of such an experience (Bhatia, 2014;Kolyovska, Maslarova, Maslarov, 2016). Measuring online activity's influence on the decision-making process and purchase intention Entertainment effectiveness…”

“…Sources: Bhatia, 2014;Kolyovska, Maslarova, Maslarov, 2016;Nazarova, Lazizovich, 2019;Sebastian, 2014;Genco et al, 2013. According to Nazarova and Lazizovich (2019), neuromarketing can be used in various applications for businesses, such as design development, advertising and cinema, whereas employing neuromarketing in film production can pre-evaluate the potential success or failure of a film. Additionally, neuromarketing studies reveal the increasing adaptability of neuromarketing tools.…”