Presence Hallucinations during Locomotion in Patients with Parkinson's Disease

Potheegadoo, Jevita; Dhanis, Herberto; Horváth, Judit; Burkhard, Pierre; Blanke, Olaf

doi:10.1002/mdc3.13367

Cited by 2 publications

(4 citation statements)

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“…We argue that PB share underlying brain mechanisms with PH and that these mechanisms are of perceptual nature involving sensorimotor processes. 32 , 48 Thus, an altered sensorimotor integration of bodily signals would not only favor the occurrence of PH as shown previously, 32 , 49 but also of PB (present study). Involvement of perceptual mechanisms in PB is compatible with previous clinical work on PB, showing that in some cases the phantom boarder is heard or seen 8 , 10 and because some authors have used cluster analysis (of symptoms) and associated PB with complex visual hallucinations 8 , 10 and auditory hallucinations.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 86%

“…We argue that PB share underlying brain mechanisms with PH and that these mechanisms are of perceptual nature involving sensorimotor processes 32,48 . Thus, an altered sensorimotor integration of bodily signals would not only favor the occurrence of PH as shown previously, 32,49 but also of PB (present study).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 79%

“…Other differences between PB and PH are that the PB can represent multiple presences in all of our four PD‐PB patients, whereas this was not reported by PD‐PH. Moreover, past work 32,48 showed that PH may occur at different places and also outside one's home, whereas PB are limited to very familiar places, such as the patients’ home (or secondary home). The present PD‐PB patients’ reports are not compatible with EH, as the sensed presence was neither seen nor heard as required for EH 35,36 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Phantom Boarder Relates to Experimentally‐Induced Presence Hallucinations in Parkinson's Disease

Blanke

Bernasconi

Potheegadoo

2023

Movement Disord Clin Pract

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BackgroundBackground: Phantom boarder (PB) is the sensation that someone uninvited is in the patient's home despite evidence to the contrary. It is mostly reported by patients with neurodegenerative disorders such as Alzheimer's disease, dementia with Lewy bodies or Parkinson's disease (PD). Presence hallucination (PH) is frequent in neurodegenerative disease, shares several aspects with PB, and is the sensation that someone is nearby, behind or next to the patient (when nobody is actually there). Recent work developed a sensorimotor method to robotically induce PH (robot-induced PH, riPH) and demonstrated that a subgroup of PD patients showed abnormal sensitivity for riPH. Objective Objective: We investigated if PD patients with PB (PD-PB) would (1) show elevated sensitivity for riPH that ( 2) is comparable to that of patients reporting PH, but not PB (PD-PH). Methods Methods: We studied the sensitivity of non-demented PD patients in a sensorimotor stimulation paradigm, during which three groups of patients (PD-PB; PD-PH; PD patients without hallucinations, PD-nPH) were exposed to different conditions of conflicting sensorimotor stimulation. ResultsResults: We show that PD-PB and PD-PH groups had a higher sensitivity to riPH (compared to PD-nPH). PD-PB and PD-PH groups did not differ in riPH sensitivity. Together with interview data, these behavioral data on riPH show that PB is associated with PH, suggesting that both share some underlying brain mechanisms, although interview data also revealed phenomenological differences. Conclusions Conclusions: Because PD-PB patients did not suffer from dementia nor delusions, we argue that these shared mechanisms are of perceptual-hallucinatory nature, involving sensorimotor signals and their integration.Patients with phantom boarder phenomenon (PB) report that someone uninvited has entered or lives in the patient's home, despite of evidence to the contrary. 1 The unsolicited visitor is mostly experienced by patients as an unfamiliar intruder with malevolent intentions (e.g., harm or rob the patient) or hassling behaviors (e.g., make noise), although the visitor may also be experienced as a friend or family member. [1][2][3][4] PB is clinically relevant as it occurs repeatedly, and is a compelling experience, which is often destabilizing for patients, caregivers, and their relationship. Furthermore, PB has been associated with earlier home placement and delirium. 5 PB is prevalent in several neurodegenerative diseases associated with dementia, such as dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB), 6,7 Alzheimer's disease (AD), 8,9 vascular dementia 10 and Parkinson's disease (PD). 6 PB is often described as the most common "delusion" (together with paranoid ideation) in such diseases, with Aarsland et al. 6 reporting PB in 41% of DLB and 17% of PD dementia (PDD) patients.Despite this clinical relevance, understanding of the involved brain mechanisms of PB remains limited and its "exact nosology (…) debatable". 11 In his initial clinical description, Rowan 1 described PB as a delusional ...

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 86%

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 79%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Phantom Boarder Relates to Experimentally‐Induced Presence Hallucinations in Parkinson's Disease

Blanke

Bernasconi

Potheegadoo

2023

Movement Disord Clin Pract

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“…Case 6: Strings coming out of hands, also saw children playing around house, who sometimes touched her and called her “grandma”. Case 7: Threads on fingers, causing scratching of hands during attempted removal, also visions of unknown persons in house, perceived as threatening Potheegadoo et al, 2022 [ 116 ] d 73 m 79 f 14 7 Dementia excluded in both cases SP (TH) SP (AH) Case 1: Presence behind on right peering over shoulder when walking. Perceived person wants to overtake as they walk faster, and when two steps behind, moves aside to let them pass (no TH description, except experienced when still).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Non-visual hallucinations in Parkinson’s disease: a systematic review

et al. 2023

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Background Non-visual hallucinations in Parkinson’s disease (PD) can be prevalent and distressing. Most existing research has however, focused on visual hallucinations as well as related risk factors. The current study thus conducted a systematic review to collate existing evidence on non-visual hallucinations in PD, focusing on their prevalence, phenomenology, and clinical-cognitive correlates. Methods Ninety-one relevant studies were included from a systematic search across PsycINFO APA, PubMed, and Web of Science, for peer-reviewed publications in the English language, from 1970 to the present. These comprised a mix of case (30 studies; n = 56) and group design (62 studies; n = 7346) studies, divided into three somewhat overlapping collections to address our three research foci. Results Prevalence estimates for hallucinations were: auditory 1.5–72.0%, olfactory 1.6–21.0%, somatic-tactile 0.4–22.5%, gustatory 1.0–15.0%, and sensed presence 0.9–73.3%. Phenomenological inquiries revealed descriptions of vivid, consuming events replete with elaborate detail, adversely affecting PD patients in different ways. Overt experiences of multisensory hallucinations were also highly variable (0.4–80%) but exceedingly common, reported by almost half of the 45 included prevalence studies. There was some evidence for modality-specific hallucination predictors, but this was largely tentative, pending robust replication. Conclusions Marked prevalence figures coupled with phenomenological descriptions implicating distress denote that non-visual and multisensory hallucinations in PD are of clinical significance. More direct research and clinical attention need to be devoted to the study and management of such hallucinatory experiences.

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Presence Hallucinations during Locomotion in Patients with Parkinson's Disease

Cited by 2 publications

References 5 publications

Phantom Boarder Relates to Experimentally‐Induced Presence Hallucinations in Parkinson's Disease

Phantom Boarder Relates to Experimentally‐Induced Presence Hallucinations in Parkinson's Disease

Non-visual hallucinations in Parkinson’s disease: a systematic review

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