Presence of an emerging pathogen of amphibians in introduced bullfrogs Rana catesbeiana in Venezuela

Hanselmann, Rhea; Rodrı́guez, Argelia; Lampo, Margarita; Fajardo-Ramos, Laurie; Aguirre, A. Alonso; Kilpatrick, A. Marm; Rodrı́guez, Jon Paul; Daszak, Peter

doi:10.1016/j.biocon.2004.02.013

Cited by 143 publications

(133 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…Chytridiomycosis lesions were diffuse to multifocally extensive, especially on skin sections from the ventral body. These lesions were significantly more severe than the relatively minimal focal lesions described in infected, but apparently healthy, bullfrogs (12) and were of a level consistent with those associated with mortality in natural and experimental infections (13). Molecular analyses of tissue collected from 38 individuals of 11 species were negative for ranavirus (A. Picco, personal communication).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 78%

Emerging infectious disease and the loss of biodiversity in a Neotropical amphibian community

Lips

Brem²,

Brenes³

et al. 2006

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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Pathogens rarely cause extinctions of host species, and there are few examples of a pathogen changing species richness and diversity of an ecological community by causing local extinctions across a wide range of species. We report the link between the rapid appearance of a pathogenic chytrid fungus Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis in an amphibian community at El Copé , Panama, and subsequent mass mortality and loss of amphibian biodiversity across eight families of frogs and salamanders. We describe an outbreak of chytridiomycosis in Panama and argue that this infectious disease has played an important role in amphibian population declines. The high virulence and large number of potential hosts of this emerging infectious disease threaten global amphibian diversity.extinction ͉ fungus ͉ tropics ͉ chytridiomycosis ͉ Panama

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 78%

Emerging infectious disease and the loss of biodiversity in a Neotropical amphibian community

Lips

Brem²,

Brenes³

et al. 2006

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

1,012

1,023

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“…In addition, the complete lack of infection following our second exposure with SL Bd might be partially attributable to primed host defenses that conferred effective resistance to these individuals, all of which had been previously exposed to Bd (Shaw et al 2010;McMahon et al 2014). However, the lack of clinical signs of chytridiomycosis in the American bullfrogs that did become infected indicates tolerance mechanisms also play a role in bullfrogBd interactions, as previous work has suggested (Hanselmann et al 2004;Greenspan et al 2012b).…”

mentioning

confidence: 68%

“…If American bullfrogs commonly clear themselves of Bd infection or avoid infection altogether as a result of resistance mechanisms, then bullfrogs are less likely to be important Bd carriers as is often suggested (Mazzoni et al 2003;Daszak et al 2004;Hanselmann et al 2004;Garner et al 2006;Schloegel et al 2010). In contrast, if American bullfrogs do commonly become infected with Bd but have mechanisms that allow them to tolerate infection or if they shed heavily infected skin tissues as in Greenspan et al (2012a), then they may indeed contribute disproportionately to interspecific Bd transmission within amphibian communities.…”

mentioning

confidence: 98%

“…Despite these devastating impacts on amphibian biodiversity, Bd infection often has variable disease outcomes in different host species (Searle et al 2011;Gahl et al 2012;Gervasi et al 2013a). For example, a number of hosts, including American bullfrogs (Daszak et al 2004;Hanselmann et al 2004), Pacific chorus frogs (Reeder et al 2012), African clawed frogs (Weldon et al 2004), and Japanese giant salamanders (Goka et al 2009), have been reported to be aclinical Bd carriers.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Our results agree, however, with several other studies of American bullfrog response to Bd. Hanselmann et al (2004), for example, described American bullfrogs with no clinical disease despite evidence of Bd infection. Another study used six different Bd isolates over the course of four separate exposures with maximum pathogen doses of 10 7 zoospores/day yet failed to establish 100% prevalence or clinically significant chytridiomycosis in American bullfrogs (Daszak et al 2004).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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American Bullfrogs (Lithobates catesbeianus) Resist Infection by Multiple Isolates of Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis, Including One Implicated in Wild Mass Mortality

et al. 2015

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The emerging amphibian disease chytridiomycosis varies in severity depending on host species.Within species, disease susceptibility can also be influenced by pathogen variation and environmental factors.Here, we report on experimental exposures of American bullfrogs (Lithobates catesbeianus) to three different isolates of Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis (Bd), including one implicated in causing mass mortality of wild American bullfrogs. Exposed frogs showed low infection prevalence, relatively low infection load, and lack of clinical disease. Our results suggest that environmental cofactors are likely important contributors to Bdassociated American bullfrog mortality and that this species both resists and tolerates Bd infection.

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Exploring business stakeholder engagement in sustainable business practices: Evidence from the US pet amphibian industry

Cavasos,

Poudyal,

Brunner

et al. 2023

Bus Strat Env

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The recent decline in wild populations of amphibians worldwide coincides with the period of rapid growth in the global trade of wildlife. The potential for pathogen transmission within and beyond the pet amphibian trade network makes it important to explore the attitudes and behavior of businesses involved in the industry. We surveyed US businesses involved in the pet amphibian trade industry to characterize their attitudes and behaviors and identify business characteristics that could influence percieved risk of pathogen transmission in trade. We found that amphibian businesses acquire their animals from a variety of sources (e.g., importers, wholesalers, retailers, breeders, hobbyists, wild), are aware of the threat of emerging pathogens, and are concerned about the potential spillover of pathogens from captive to wild populations. Attitudes and behaviors of businesses toward pathogens varied among business types (e.g., size of business, the share of amphibian sales, mode of business operation). Moreover, businesses expressed a strong interest in acquiring amphibians that are free of pathogens and indicated a willingness to pay a price premium to acquire certified disease‐free animals. Our results indicate that the US pet amphibian trade industry is willing to participate in healthy (clean) trade practices and increasing product prices may be one option to compensate for expenses. A government program to support pathogen‐free certification would likely facilitate implementation.

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Presence of an emerging pathogen of amphibians in introduced bullfrogs Rana catesbeiana in Venezuela

Cited by 143 publications

References 24 publications

Emerging infectious disease and the loss of biodiversity in a Neotropical amphibian community

Emerging infectious disease and the loss of biodiversity in a Neotropical amphibian community

American Bullfrogs (Lithobates catesbeianus) Resist Infection by Multiple Isolates of Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis, Including One Implicated in Wild Mass Mortality

Exploring business stakeholder engagement in sustainable business practices: Evidence from the US pet amphibian industry

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