Presence of Avian Bornavirus RNA and Anti-Avian Bornavirus Antibodies in Apparently Healthy Macaws

Kloet, Siwo R. de; Dorrestein, Gerry M.

doi:10.1637/8828-040209-reg.1

Cited by 46 publications

(38 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…The recent identification of ABV as the cause of PDD 19,21 has resulted in the need for diagnostic tests based on the presence of bornaviral RNA, protein, and anti-bornaviral antibodies for identifying birds infected with ABV. 9,23,29 Since the disease is considered to be a major threat to captive psittaciform populations, accurate diagnosis using non-or minimally invasive procedures is important in order to identify infected birds and isolate them from uninfected individuals.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In birds, the virus can be detected in many tissues, including the central nervous system. 9,23,29,33 The genome of ABV consists of a nonsegmented negative single-strand RNA component of approximately 9,000 nt. Due to its recent discovery, ABV has not been fully characterized.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, nucleotide sequence comparison of the ABV genome and its mammalian counterpart 4,19,21 suggests that except for their difference in tropism, a high degree of similarity exists between the 2 viruses. In a previous study, 9 serum samples from birds diagnosed with PDD were shown to contain antibodies against the P-40 nucleoprotein of ABV, making serological testing 3 a method for identifying ABV-exposed birds. The current investigation aims to extend the previous findings to 2 additional bornaviral proteins, the P24 and P16 proteins, with a view to determining whether other bornaviral proteins might be better suited for serological diagnosis of bornaviral infection.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Diagnosis of Avian bornavirus infection in psittaciformes by serum antibody detection and reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction assay using feather calami

Kloet¹,

Kerski²,

Kloet³

2011

J VET Diagn Invest

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Abstract. Avian bornavirus (ABV) is the causative agent of proventricular dilatation disease (PDD), a highly devastating and contagious disease of psittacines (parrots and parakeets), which has resulted in the death of many captive birds. Accurate diagnosis of bornavirus infection is therefore important for the identification and isolation of infected birds. The current study showed that nonvascular contour (chest) feather calami provide a ready and minimally invasive source of RNA for the detection of ABV by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Storage of the feathers at room temperature for at least a month did not affect the results. Serological analysis by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) showed that identification of anti-bornaviral nucleoprotein P40 antibodies can identify many birds with a past or present infection. The presence of anti-avian bornaviral P24 phosphoprotein and P16 matrix protein antibodies was quite variable, rendering these antibodies less useful for diagnosis of ABV infection. The significance of the present findings is that the use of nonvascular feathers as a source of RNA allows sample collection under conditions where storage of other samples would be difficult. Serum detection by ELISA of anti-P40 antibodies allows the identification of infected birds when RT-PCR fails.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Diagnosis of Avian bornavirus infection in psittaciformes by serum antibody detection and reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction assay using feather calami

Kloet¹,

Kerski²,

Kloet³

2011

J VET Diagn Invest

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“…ELISA test was performed with minor modifications according to the methods described by de Kloet and Dorrestein (2009). After dilution, maltose-binding protein (MBP) and nucleoprotein P40 were applied to the wells of a medium binding polystyrene ELISA plate and incubated with shaking at room temperature for 1 h. After 1 h the wells were washed with phosphate-buffered saline containing 0.05% Tween 20 (PBST).…”

Section: Elisa Testmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Transmission of the virus is most likely by faecal-oro-nasal routes (Kistler et al 2010). Laboratory diagnosis of ABV is based on Western blot analysis to demonstrate ABV-specific antigens in tissues (Villanueva et al 2010); indirect immunofluorescence assay (Herzog et al 2010), and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA) to detect antibodies against ABV nucleoproteins (P40, P27, P24, P16 and P10) in bird sera (de Kloet and Dorrestein 2009); or RT/Realtime-PCR for detection of the broad spectrum of ABV genotypic variants (at least 7 in psittacines so far) in many types of clinical samples and necropsy materials (Honkavuori et al 2008;Kistler et al 2008;Dorrestein et al 2009). …”

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confidence: 99%

Detection of anti-avian bornavirus antibodies in parrots in the Czech Republic and Slovakia

et al. 2014

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Since the avian bornavirus (ABV) aetiology of the proventricular dilatation disease (PDD) was proven in 2008, ABV has been detected in many avian species. The aim of the present study was to detect ABV antibodies in parrots in the Czech Republic and Slovakia. A total of 142 birds were examined, including 37 birds with symptoms typical for PDD, 54 birds without PDD symptoms, and 51 parrots without any clinical symptoms of PDD but originating from one flock with a proven history of PDD. Sera from 142 birds were tested using the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for detection of antibodies against ABV nucleoprotein p40. Of 142 serum samples, 71 were positive (50%) and 71 negative (50%). In a group of birds with clinical symptoms of PDD, 77.1% showed to be ABV positive, whereas in the group of sick birds without suspicion of PDD the percentage of positive birds was 31.6%. In the birds that had a cage mate that was positive for ABV or died with PDD, 42.9% were ABV positive. Of the parrots without PDD symptoms but originating from the flock with a recent history of PDD, 62.8% of the birds were positive for antibodies against ABV nucleoprotein p40. The results suggest that PDD is common and there is a high percentage of asymptomatic carriers of ABV in the breeding facilities of parrots in the Czech Republic and Slovakia.

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Molecular epidemiology of avian bornavirus from pet birds in Japan

et al. 2013

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Recently, Avian bornavirus (ABV) was detected in proventricular dilatation disease (PDD) affected-birds and feather picking diseases affected-birds. However, the pathogenicity of ABV has not been thoroughly investigated. In this study, we surveyed ABV in pet birds in Japan. We found four ABV-infected birds among 93 pet birds using RT-PCR, and genotypes of the ABV were determined as ABV-2 and -4. Two of the birds positive for ABV-4 showed proventricular dilatation typically found in PDD, and chronic stomach disturbance, whereas two of the birds positive for ABV-2 showed unexplained behavioral problems that are tapping, autophagia, and cloaca prolapse.

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Presence of Avian Bornavirus RNA and Anti-Avian Bornavirus Antibodies in Apparently Healthy Macaws

Cited by 46 publications

References 27 publications

Diagnosis of Avian bornavirus infection in psittaciformes by serum antibody detection and reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction assay using feather calami

Diagnosis of Avian bornavirus infection in psittaciformes by serum antibody detection and reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction assay using feather calami

Detection of anti-avian bornavirus antibodies in parrots in the Czech Republic and Slovakia

Molecular epidemiology of avian bornavirus from pet birds in Japan

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