Presence of B19V in Patients with Thyroid Gland Disorders

Abstract

Background and Objectives: Viral infections are frequently cited as a major environmental factor implicated in thyroid gland diseases. This work aimed to estimate the presence of B19V infection in patients with thyroid gland disorders. Materials and Methods: Thyroid gland tissue and blood samples of 50 patients with autoimmune thyroid gland diseases (AITDs), 76 patients with non-autoimmune thyroid gland diseases (non-AITDs), and 35 deceased subjects whose histories did not show any autoimmune or thyroid diseases (control group) were enrolled in the study. Virus-specific IgM and IgG were detected using ELISA, and the presence and viral load of B19V in the tissue and blood were detected using PCRs. Results: B19V IgG antibodies were detected in 35/50 AITDs patients and in 51/76 non-AITDs patients, and B19V IgM antibodies were detected in 1/50 patients with AITDs and in none of the 76 patients with non-AITDs. The B19V NS sequence was found in the tissue DNA of 10/50 patients with AITDs, in 30/76 with non-AITDs, and in 1/35 control group individuals. The median B19V load in the tissue of patients with AITDs and non-AITDs was 423.00 copies/µg DNA (IQR: 22.50–756.8) and 43.00 copies/µg DNA (IQR: 11.50–826.5), respectively. The viral load in one of the 35 nPCR B19V-positive thyroid tissue samples from the deceased subjects was 13.82 copies/µg DNA. The viral load in the tissue of patients with AITDs was higher than in whole blood, which possibly indicates B19V persistency in thyrocytes (p = 0.0076). Conclusion: The fact that the genoprevalence of B19V NS was significantly higher in patients with non-AITDs compared to the control group and in the thyroid gland tissue of patients with AITDs, and that the non-AITDs viral load was higher than in tissue derived from the control group individuals, suggest the possibility that B19V infection could be involved in the development of thyroid gland diseases.

Adolesan Çağındaki Çocuklarda Otoimmün Tiroiditte Parvovirus B19’un Rolü

“…Wang et al 16 investigated the presence of PV-B19 DNA in the pathology preparations of 86 patients and PV-B19 viremia was detected more frequently in Hashimoto's thyroiditis when compared with other thyroid diseases. Gravelsina et al 17 detected a higher prevalence of the B19V DNA in autoimmune and nonautoimmune thyroid gland diseases than in the control group of individuals whose histories did not show any autoimmune or thyroid diseases. In our study, the relationship between PV-B19 and Hashimoto's thyroiditis was investigated.…”

Medical Applications of Molecular Biotechnologies in the Context of the Hashimoto’s Thyroiditis

“…B19V1 may cause a widespread and self-limiting infections in children and adults, known as erythema infectiosum or fifth disease [92]. Both, B19V and HBoV1 are pathogens for humans and have been detected in cancerous thyroid cells and HT lesions [75,76,93,94].…”

Viruses and Endocrine Diseases

“…In addition, the upregulation of the positive regulatory domain zinc finger protein 1 (PRDM1) has been demonstrated in primary thyroid epithelial cells after PVB19 NS1 transfection [ 144 ]. The persistence of PVB19 DNA in the thyroid of patients with AITD has been reported [ 145 , 146 ], and it has been suggested that it may initiate the intrathyroidal inflammatory process [ 145 ]. No direct evidence formally demonstrating the role of PVB19 infection in the pathogenesis of AITD has been obtained to date, but some pathophysiological hypotheses have been suggested, including cell apoptosis and increased inflammatory-related gene expression induced by the virus genome or protein [ 147 , 148 , 149 ].…”