Presence of Chlamydia Infection among asymptomatic Female Commercial Sex-workers (CSWs) in the Kumasi Metropolis, Ghana

Abubakari, Amina; Osei-Djarbeng, Samuel N.; Larbi, John Asiedu; Frimpong, Enoch

doi:10.20546/ijcmas.2016.501.032

Cited by 3 publications

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“…Among 100 asymptomatic FSWs in Ghana, 19% were positive for chlamydia . (17) In the present study, too, there was a high prevalence of chlamydia infection in asymptomatic females (17 .6%), with as many as 22 .2% of asymptomatic FSWs infected . However, the rate of infection in asymptomatic men was only 2 .7% .…”

Section: Associated Factors and The Most Significant Risk Factors For Chlamydia Infectionsupporting

confidence: 52%

Prevalence and associated factors of genital chlamydia infection among Central Sexually Transmitted Diseases clinic attendees in Sri Lanka

Silva

Elwitigala

Corea

et al. 2018

Sri Lanka J Sex. Health HIV Med.

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Introduction: Chlamydia trachomatis infection is the most prevalent bacterial sexually transmitted disease (STD) . The aims of the study were to determine the prevalence of chlamydia among STD clinic attendees in relation to socio-demographic characteristics, clinical presentation and sexual and STD-related risk behavior, to measure the significance of associated factors and identify the most significant risk factors for chlamydia infection . Method:A cross-sectional, descriptive study was done on 216 females and 252 males attending the Central STD Clinic . Endocervical swabs from females and urine from males were tested using the COBAS® TaqMan® CT v2 .0 rt-PCR . Socio-demographic data, clinical features and factors associated with infection were recorded . Significance of associated factors was determined using a Chi-square test and the most significant risk factors were identified using a binary logistic model .Results: Prevalence of chlamydia among females was 17 .1% (37/216) and among males was 5 .2% (13/252) . Prevalence among female sex workers (FSWs) was 20 .4% (20/98, p<0 .001) . Most infected females 67 .6% (25/37) were asymptomatic . In contrast, 61 .5% (8/13, p=0 .009) of infected males were symptomatic . Female gender, age ≤25 years and providing or receiving commercial sex were the most significant risk factors (OR=3 .942, 95% CI 1 .896-8 .198, OR=2 .142, 95% CI 1 .083-4 .235 and OR=1 .978, 95% CI 1 .039-3 .764, respectively) .Conclusions: Prevalence of chlamydia among female attendees is high and a high proportion of infections are asymptomatic, rendering syndromic management inappropriate . However, among males, symptomatic attendees were significantly more likely to be infected than asymptomatic . Targeted screening for chlamydia should be instituted among FSWs and the high-risk group (young females ≤25 years) of the general population .

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Section: Associated Factors and The Most Significant Risk Factors For Chlamydia Infectionsupporting

confidence: 52%

Prevalence and associated factors of genital chlamydia infection among Central Sexually Transmitted Diseases clinic attendees in Sri Lanka

Silva

Elwitigala

Corea

et al. 2018

Sri Lanka J Sex. Health HIV Med.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The total study population size screened for Chlamydia trachomatis and involved in this systematic review and meta-analysis were 17,119.Among these, 9606 were screened at community based studies [ 18 – 23 ], about 2638 were FCSWS [ 19 , 20 , 24 – 28 ] and 4875 were at health facility based studies [ 28 – 38 ]. The sample size of study population varied from 100 [ 24 ] to 4886 [ 19 ], and were conducted between the year 1997–2001 [ 19 , 22 , 30 ], 2002–2006 [ 25 ], 2007–2011 [ 21 , 26 , 31 ] and 2012–2016 [ 23 , 27 , 34 – 36 ]. Geographically,the population screened for Chlamydia trachomatis four regions of Sub-Saharan Africa: East Africa [ 19 , 22 , 27 , 32 – 35 , 37 ],West Africa [ 18 , 20 – 24 , 26 , 28 – 30 ], Southern Africa [ 22 , 31 , 39 ], and middle Africa [ 25 , 38 ] (Table 1 ).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Prevalence of chlamydia trachomatis infection among reproductive age women in sub Saharan Africa: a systematic review and meta-analysis

et al. 2018

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BackgroundChlamydia trachomatis is the most common curable sexual transmitted bacterial infection in the world, including Sub-Saharan Africa. There is nil systematic review and meta-analysis on Chlamydia trachomatis infection in Sub-Saharan Africa among reproductive age women. Therefore, this study was carried out to determine the pooled prevalence of chlamydia trachomatis infection in Sub-Saharan Africa among reproductive age women.MethodsA comprehensive literature search was conducted from biomedical data bases: Medline, PubMed, EMBASE, Google scholar, HINARI and Cochrane Library using a special index search terms (medical subject headings (MeSH), title and abstract. The Cochrane Q test and I2 statistics was used to test heterogeneity and publication bias was assessed using Begg’s and Egger’s tests. Results were presented in tables, figures and funnel plot. Data were pooled in a meta-analysis using a random effects model.ResultsTwenty-four studies were included in this meta–analysis. There was a high level of heterogeneity among studies. The pooled prevalence of Chlamydia trachomatis infection in Sub-Saharan Africa among reproductive age women was 7.8% (95% CI: 5.6–10.6).ConclusionThis review showed that Chlamydia trachomatis infection is high in Sub-Saharan Africa among reproductive age group women. This evidence suggests that governmental and non-governmental organization shall give attention for primary prevention of this infection. Likewise, in resource limited countries policy makers, stakeholders and health care providers’ due attention for Chlamydia trachomatis specific and rapid diagnostic test, treatment in any medical out and in patient clinics for reproductive age women.

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“…In Tanzania, Ramadhani et al documented a prevalence rate of 36.2% among infertile women in Mwanza City, 5 and in Uganda, Kirayira et al recorded a prevalence rate of 18.2%. 6 In Rwanda, Vicky et al found a high prevalence rate of dual genital CT among women after calculating a baseline prevalence of 8.1% at the beginning of their study, 7 and in Ghana, Abubakari et al observed that of the 100 asymptomatic female commercial sex-workers screened, 19 tested positive for genital CT. 8 Among women aged 15 to 49 years attending a gynecology clinic in Ethiopia, Tadesse et al noted a genital CT prevalence rate of 18.9%. 9 In South Africa, researchers found that 21.3% of pregnant women living with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) were also co-infected with genital CT. 10 In Kenya, researchers reported that 51% of newborns delivered at the Kenyatta National Hospital, tested positive for genital CT. 11 The high prevalence of genital CT among women of reproductive age in certain parts of sub-Saharan Africa may be responsible for the elevated number of newborns with genital CT.…”

Section: Prevalence Of Genital Chlamydia Trachomatismentioning

confidence: 99%

Genital Chlamydia Trachomatis Infection: Prevalence, Risk Factors and Adverse Pregnancy and Birth Outcomes in Children and Women in sub-Saharan Africa

et al. 2021

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Genital Chlamydia trachomatis (CT) has adverse health outcomes for women and children. In pregnant women, the infection causes adverse obstetric outcomes including pelvic inflammation, ectopic pregnancy, and miscarriage. In children, it causes adverse birth outcomes such as skin rash, lesions, limb abnormalities, conjunctivitis, neurological damage, and even death. This article discusses genital CT prevalence, risk factors, and adverse pregnancy and birth outcomes among women and children in sub-Saharan Africa as well as challenges associated with the mitigation of the disease. A comprehensive search of databases including PubMed, ResearchGate, and Google Scholar was conducted using keywords such as genital chlamydia trachomatis, adverse pregnancy outcomes, adverse birth outcomes, and sub-Saharan African. We found that genital CT prevalence rates in some sub-Saharan Africa countries were higher than others and that risk factors such as the lack of condom use, having multiple sexual partners, and low educational levels contribute to the transmission of the infection. We also found that negative cultural practices, illiteracy among women, and the lack of access to screening services during pregnancy are some of the challenges associated with CT mitigation in sub-Saharan Africa. To reduce genital CT transmission in sub-Saharan Africa, efforts must be made by country governments to eliminate negative cultural practices, promote female literacy, and provide access to screening services for pregnant women. Copyright © 2021 Armstrong-Mensah et al. Published by Global Health and Education Projects, Inc. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License CC BY 4.0.

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Presence of Chlamydia Infection among asymptomatic Female Commercial Sex-workers (CSWs) in the Kumasi Metropolis, Ghana

Cited by 3 publications

References 0 publications

Prevalence and associated factors of genital chlamydia infection among Central Sexually Transmitted Diseases clinic attendees in Sri Lanka

Prevalence and associated factors of genital chlamydia infection among Central Sexually Transmitted Diseases clinic attendees in Sri Lanka

Prevalence of chlamydia trachomatis infection among reproductive age women in sub Saharan Africa: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Genital Chlamydia Trachomatis Infection: Prevalence, Risk Factors and Adverse Pregnancy and Birth Outcomes in Children and Women in sub-Saharan Africa

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