Presence of diverse nitrate‐dependent anaerobic methane oxidizing archaea in sewage sludge

Abstract

Aim The aim of this study was to explore the community diversity and abundance of nitrate‐dependent anaerobic methane oxidizing archaea, Candidatus Methanoperedens nitroreducens, in sewage sludge from wastewater treatment plants. Methods and Results Seasonal sampling of the sewage sludge was carried out from two wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) located in the northern and southern parts of China. Through amplicon sequencing using our newly designed primers, a large number of Candidatus Methanoperedens nitroreducens‐like (M. nitroreducens) archaeal sequences (638 743) were generated. These sequences were assigned into 742 operational protein units (OPUs) at 90% cut‐off level and classified as Group B member of M. nitroreducens archaea in the phylogenetic tree. More than 80% of the OPUs were not shared between these two WWTPs, showing the M. nitroreducens‐like archaeal community in each WWTP was unique. Quantitative PCR assays also confirmed the presence of M. nitroreducens‐like archaea and revealed a higher abundance in autumn and winter than other seasons, indicating that the environmental attributes in these seasons might favour the growth of this archaea. Further redundancy analysis revealed that volatile solid and pH were the significant environmental attributes (P < 0·05) in shaping the M. nitroreducens‐like archaeal community based on variance inflation factor selection and Monte Carlo permutation test. Conclusions The results confirmed the presence of diverse M. nitroreducens‐like archaea in sewage sludge using Illumina‐based mcrA gene sequencing and quantitative PCR assays. Significance and Impact of the Study The results of this study revealed the ecological characteristics of M. nitroreducens‐like archaea in sewage sludge that improved our understanding of nitrate‐dependent anaerobic methane oxidation process and may be the basis for future application of M. nitroreducens‐like archaea for new nitrogen removal in WWTPs.

Revealing the functional potential of microbial community of activated sludge for treating tuna processing wastewater through metagenomic analysis

“…It has also been reported that Ca. M. nitroreducens was detected in wastewater treatment plants in both northern and southern regions of China ( Xu et al, 2020 ).…”

Diversity of Lysis-Resistant Bacteria and Archaea in the Polyextreme Environment of Salar de Huasco

“…Archaea were for a long time thought to be synonyms of extreme environments, since many archaeal isolates were obtained from extreme habitats ( Dassarma et al, 2017 ; Belilla et al, 2019 ; Medina Chávez et al, 2019 ). However, this has changed in the last 30 years thanks to the use of culture-dependent and culture-independent techniques, which demonstrated that these microorganisms are also common in non-extreme environments ( Francis et al, 2005 ; Gleeson et al, 2010 ; Xu et al, 2020 ). It has been hypothesized that the higher resistance of archaea compared to bacteria originates in the composition of their membrane, which is composed of glycerol-ether lipids that are more chemically resistant than those found in the bacterial membrane ( De Rosa et al, 1986 ; Albers et al, 2000 ; Konings et al, 2002 ; Koga and Morii, 2007 ).…”