Presence of microplastic in personal care and cosmetic products from markets in Punjab, Pakistan

Hussain, Sajjad; Sial, Nuzhat; Nawaz, Zarqa; Naeem, Muhammad; Habib, Rana Zeeshan; Thiemann, Thies

doi:10.21203/rs.3.rs-3221439/v1

2023

DOI: 10.21203/rs.3.rs-3221439/v1

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Presence of microplastic in personal care and cosmetic products from markets in Punjab, Pakistan

Sajjad Hussain,

Nuzhat Sial,

Zarqa Nawaz

et al.

Abstract: In order to assess microplastic content in personal care products in Pakistan, 103 body scrubs and face washes were randomly selected in August-October 2021 from different markets in Jhang, Multan, and Bahawalpur in Punjab, Pakistan. It was found that 47 (45.6%) products incorporated plastic microbeads, including 44 (42.7%) products that exhibited polythene microbeads. Overall, a higher proportion of imported products exhibited plastic microbead content than locally manufactured products.

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The Current Situation of the Legislative Gap on Microplastics (MPs) as New Pollutants for the Environment

Casella,

Vadivel,

Dondi

2024

Water Air Soil Pollut

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The Current Situation of the Legislative Gap on Microplastics (MPs) as New Pollutants for the Environment

Casella,

Vadivel,

Dondi

2024

Water Air Soil Pollut

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Identification Tools of Microplastics from Surface Water Integrating Digital Image Processing and Statistical Techniques

Dacewicz,

Łobos-Moysa,

Chmielowski

2024

Materials

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The primary objective of this study was to demonstrate the potential of digital image analysis as a tool to identify microplastic (MP) particles in surface waters and to facilitate their characterisation in terms of 2D and 3D morphology. Digital image analysis preceded by microscopic analysis was used for an exhaustive quantitative and qualitative evaluation of MPs isolated from the Vistula River. Using image processing procedures, 2D and 3D shape descriptors were determined. Principal Component Analysis was used to interpret the relationships between the parameters studied, characterising MP particle geometry, type and colour. This multivariate analysis of the data allowed three or four main factors to be extracted, explaining approximately 90% of the variation in the data characterising MP morphology. It was found that the first principal component for granules, flakes and films was largely represented by strongly correlated with 2D shape descriptors (area, perimeter, equivalent area diameter) and 3D shape descriptors (Corey Shape Factor, Compactness, Dimensionality). Considering the scraps, principal component PC1 was represented by only five of the above descriptors, and the Compactness variable had the largest contribution to principal component PC2. In addition, for granules, flakes and films, a relationship between 2D shape and the colour of their particles could be observed. For the most numerous MP group identified of multicoloured scraps, no such association was found. The results of our study can be used for further multivariate analysis regarding the presence of microplastic floating on the river surface, with a particular focus on particles of secondary origin. This is of key importance for optimising future efforts in conducting small-scale and multidimensional monitoring of and reducing plastics in the aquatic environment.

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Presence of microplastic in personal care and cosmetic products from markets in Punjab, Pakistan

Cited by 2 publications

References 59 publications

The Current Situation of the Legislative Gap on Microplastics (MPs) as New Pollutants for the Environment

The Current Situation of the Legislative Gap on Microplastics (MPs) as New Pollutants for the Environment

Identification Tools of Microplastics from Surface Water Integrating Digital Image Processing and Statistical Techniques

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