Presence of mother prompts dissociation of sickness behavior, fever, and hypothalamic gene expression in lipopolysaccharide‐injected guinea pig pups

Hennessy, Michael B.; Sensenbaugh, Joshua D.; Molina, Andrea L.; Schiml, Patricia A.; Deak, Terrence

doi:10.1002/dev.21962

Cited by 4 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 50 publications

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“…They found that sickness can either increase or decrease social behaviors [reviewed by ( 17 )]. A recent paper reported that sickness behaviors and fever can be disassociated in LPS-injected guinea pig pups, depending upon whether LPS is injected with their mother nearby ( 18 ). Presence of the mother enhanced LPS-induced fever in the pups even though sickness behaviors were nearly absent.…”

Section: Sickness Behaviorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Legacy of Sickness Behaviors

Kelley

Kent

2020

Front. Psychiatry

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Systemic infections of all types lead to a syndrome known as sickness behaviors. Changes in the behavior of febrile humans and animals formed the original basis for this concept. Body temperature is behaviorally regulated in both endotherms and ectotherms. However, infections cause other changes in body functions, including sleep disruption, anorexia, cognitive and memory deficits and disorientation. The brain mediates this entire cluster of symptoms, even though most major infections occur outside the brain. The true importance of sickness behaviors is not the numerous discoveries of symptoms that affect all of us when we get sick. Instead, the legacy of 30 years of research in sickness behaviors is that it established the physiologic importance of reciprocal communication systems between the immune system and the brain. This conceptual advance remains in its infancy.

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Section: Sickness Behaviorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Legacy of Sickness Behaviors

Kelley

Kent

2020

Front. Psychiatry

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“…Furthermore, the peripheral immunomodulatory effects of stress differ between stressors that are socially neutral (such as restraint stress and foot‐shock stress, which tend to be adaptively immuno‐enhancing for the individual) and stressors that have powerful social meaning and adaptive consequences for social life. [ 100 ] For instance, CSDS (which tends to be immunosuppressive) is characterized by a specific pattern of peripheral T cell responses associated with social defeat. [ 101 ]…”

Section: Microglia Transduce Environmental Influences Into Developmenmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synaptic Pruning in Schizophrenia: Does Minocycline Modulate Psychosocial Brain Development?

2020

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Recent studies suggest that the tetracycline antibiotic minocycline, or its cousins, hold therapeutic potential for affective and psychotic disorders. This is proposed on the basis of a direct effect on microglia‐mediated frontocortical synaptic pruning (FSP) during adolescence, perhaps in genetically susceptible individuals harboring risk alleles in the complement component cascade that is involved in this normal process of CNS circuit refinement. In reviewing this field, it is argued that minocycline is actually probing and modulating a deeply evolved and intricate system wherein psychosocial stimuli sculpt the circuitry of the “social brain” underlying adult behavior and personality. Furthermore, this system can generate psychiatric morbidity that is not dependent on genetic variation. This view has important ramifications for understanding “pathologies” of human social behavior and cognition as well as providing long‐sought potential mechanistic links between social experience and susceptibility to mental and physical disease.

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“…A recent review ( Kelley and Kent, 2020 ) emphasizes the reciprocal communication between the immune system and the brain, and provides examples showing that sickness behavior and fever can be dissociated by social stimuli. Guinea pig pups that were given LPS to induce fever, if the mother were present, had the enhanced fever but not the sickness behavior ( Hennessy et al, 2020 ). A study of febrile and non-febrile children documented the independence of sickness behavior and fever ( Corrard et al, 2017 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

How Does the Social Grouping of Animals in Nature Protect Against Sickness? A Perspective

Hart

2021

Front. Behav. Neurosci.

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Sickness behavior is broadly represented in vertebrates, usually in association with the fever response in response to acute infections. The reactions to sickness behavior in a group member or potential group member in humans is quite variable, depending upon circumstances. In animals, the reactions to sickness behavior in a group member or potential group member evoke a specific response that reflects the species-specific lifestyle. Groups of animals can employ varied strategies to reduce or address exposure to sickness. Most of these have scarcely been studied in nature from a disease perspective: (1) adjusting exposure to sick conspecifics or contaminated areas; (2) caring for a sick group member; (3) peripheralization and agonistic behaviors to strange non-group conspecifics; and (4) using special strategies at parturition when newborn are healthy but vulnerable. Unexplored in this regard is infanticide, where newborn that are born with very little immunity until they receive antibody-rich colostrum, could be a target of maternal infanticide if they manifest signs of sickness and could be infectious to littermates. The strategies used by different species are highly specific and dependent upon the particular circumstances. What is needed is a more general awareness and consideration of the possibilities that avoiding or adapting to sickness behavior may be driving some social behaviors of animals in nature.

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Presence of mother prompts dissociation of sickness behavior, fever, and hypothalamic gene expression in lipopolysaccharide‐injected guinea pig pups

Cited by 4 publications

References 50 publications

The Legacy of Sickness Behaviors

The Legacy of Sickness Behaviors

Synaptic Pruning in Schizophrenia: Does Minocycline Modulate Psychosocial Brain Development?

How Does the Social Grouping of Animals in Nature Protect Against Sickness? A Perspective

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