Presence of nitrates in baby foods marketed in Portugal

Rebelo, João S.; Almeida, Mário Dias; Vales, Lucília; Almeida, Cristina

doi:10.1080/23311932.2015.1010414

Cited by 6 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…On the other hand, in a study by Cortesi et al (2014), no exceedance of the maximum allowable nitrate concentration (200 mg/kg bw) was recorded in the analyzed samples [ 63 ]. Similar observations were also made by other researchers [ 64 ]. Another study reported single exceedances of the maximum allowable nitrate concentration in vegetable preparations for this age group, with the mean nitrate concentration equal to the upper limit of the standard (189 mg/kg bw) [ 65 ].…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 92%

Assessment of the Risk of Contamination of Food for Infants and Toddlers

2021

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Infants and toddlers are highly sensitive to contaminants in food. Chronic exposure can lead to developmental delays, disorders of the nervous, urinary and immune systems, and to cardiovascular disease. A literature review was conducted mainly in PubMed, Google Scholar and Scopus databases, and took into consideration papers published from October 2020 to March 2021. We focused on contaminant content, intake estimates, and exposure to contaminants most commonly found in foods consumed by infants and children aged 0.5–3 years. In the review, we included 83 publications with full access. Contaminants that pose a high health risk are toxic elements, acrylamide, bisphenol, and pesticide residues. Minor pollutants include: dioxins, mycotoxins, nitrates and nitrites, and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons. In order to reduce the negative health effects of food contamination, it seems reasonable to educate parents to limit foods that are potentially dangerous for infants and young children. An appropriate varied diet, selected cooking techniques, and proper food preparation can increase the likelihood that the foods children consume are safe for their health. It is necessary to monitor food contamination, adhere to high standards at every stage of production, and improve the quality of food for children.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 92%

Assessment of the Risk of Contamination of Food for Infants and Toddlers

2021

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“…Current research was carried for freshly-prepared foods therefore is not relevant to compare with the mentioned. This study indicated lower than other authors' concentrations of nitrates in commercial foods: 61-108 mg/kg [7,8,10].…”

Section: Consequentlycontrasting

confidence: 67%

“…Recent studies on nitrates and nitrites contents represent outcomes only commercial baby foods without taking into consideration home-prepared ones [7][8][9][10]. There is a lack of data concerning comparison of commercial and equivalent homemade weaning meals.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Homemade versus Commercial Jarred Baby Foods with Regard to Nitrites and Nitrates Content

Bona¹

2017

JFSE

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This paper presents results of nitrites and nitrates determination in two types of baby foods: commercial products in jars and their homemade conventional counterparts. Nitrites levels in all analyzed samples were below of the detection limit (< 0.9 mg/kg) of applied spectrophotometric method with Griess reagent. Nitrates contents in commercial products ranged: 9.1-38.1 mg/kg while in homemade baby foods levels between 26.6 mg/kg and 118.8 mg/kg were obtained. All the contents of nitrates were lower than the EU legislation maximum limit (200 mg/kg). Comparison of each type of commercial product with its homemade counterpart baby food evidenced significant differences (p < 0.05) in average nitrates levels in favor of the first type. Apart from determining and comparing the levels of nitrates in the baby food samples also risk assessment for an average 6-months old infant to nitrates exposure was conducted. The estimated nitrates intake with a typical portion of 200g of baby food ranged between 6% and 25.7% of acceptable daily intake for commercial and from 18.0% to 80.3% for homemade ones.

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“…Thus, the best way to deal with NO 3 -in groundwater system is to avoid catchment contamination. Drinking water with high NO 3 -leads to methemoglobinemia (blue baby syndrome) (Rebelo et al 2015). High NO 3 -is associated with risk of bladder cancer, hypertension, increased infant mortality, central nervous system, birth defects, diabetes, spontaneous abortions, respiratory tract infections, and changes to the immune system (Majumdar and Gupta 2000).…”

Section: Water Usability Based On Hydrogeochemical Parameters Nationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Origin and mechanisms of high salinity in Hombolo Dam and groundwater in Dodoma municipality Tanzania, revealed

et al. 2017

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The Hombolo dam (HD), in central Tanzania, is a shallow reservoir characterized by high salinity that limits its use for human activities. The origin of the salinity, mechanisms of reaching and concentrating in the dam remain unclear. These were assessed using hydrogeochemical facies, water type evolutions and mapping. The source of HD salinity was identified to be shallow groundwater (SG) and runoff from a seasonal floodplain with NaCl-rich lithological materails, along Little Kinyasungwe River that feeds the dam. The NaCl-rich lithological units, about 5-7 km upstream of the dam, were highly concentrated with NaCl to the extent that the local community was commercially separating table salt from them. The physicochemical parameters from these NaCl-rich lithological materials were well represented in HD and nearby groundwater sources, which suggests active water interactions. Water type evolution and surface hydrology assessments clearly showed that SG in the salty-floodplain was influenced by evaporation (ET) and was periodically carried to the HD. Clearly; HD water had high chemical similarity with the nearby SG. This agrees with previous studies that HD is partly fed by the local aquifer. However, this is the first attempt at mapping its physical origin. The origin of HD salinity was further supported by the spatial distribution of electrical conductivity (EC), where very high EC (up to 21,230 lScm ) was recorded in SG within the NaCl-rich lithological unit while water sources far away from the NaClrich materials had much lower EC values. Thus, the study disagrees with previous conclusions that HD salinity was sorely due to high dam surface ET but is primarily due to geological reasons. Comparisons of HD with a nearby Matumbulu dam (MD), another earthen dam in climatologically similar settings, reveals that MD water was less saline/ mineralised. This further shows that HD high salinity is most likely a geologic phenomenon, but local climatic factors, namely high ET, decreasing rainfall and warming trends are likely to have concentrated the salts further. Although HD is widely/ideally used for grape vine irrigation, it was clearly revealed that its prolonged usage would potentially affect the soil and grape productivity due to high salinity.

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Presence of nitrates in baby foods marketed in Portugal

Cited by 6 publications

References 20 publications

Assessment of the Risk of Contamination of Food for Infants and Toddlers

Assessment of the Risk of Contamination of Food for Infants and Toddlers

Homemade versus Commercial Jarred Baby Foods with Regard to Nitrites and Nitrates Content

Origin and mechanisms of high salinity in Hombolo Dam and groundwater in Dodoma municipality Tanzania, revealed

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