Presence of Salmonella pathogenicity island 2 genes in seafood-associated Salmonella serovars and the role of the sseC gene in survival of Salmonella enterica serovar Weltevreden in epithelial cells

Bhowmick, Patit Paban; Devegowda, Devananda; Ruwandeepika, H. A. D.; Karunasagar, Iddya

doi:10.1099/mic.0.043596-0

Cited by 27 publications

(25 citation statements)

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“…16 Although all serovars of Salmonella enterica are considered pathogenic to man, 17 the distribution of virulence genes in serovars is not well understood. 18 An encompassing scientific literature review also confirms the negligible presence of research focussing on understanding virulence determinants associated with the isolated Salmonella serovars with special reference to DOD. An accelerated dissemination of resistant pathogenic organisms from one geographic location to another has occurred as a result of globalization and international trade over the past decade.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 72%

Isolation and characterization ofSalmonella entericain day-old ducklings in Egypt

Osman

Marouf

Zolnikov

et al. 2013

Pathogens and Global Health

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Importing day-old ducklings (DOD) unknowingly infected with non-typhoid Salmonella (NTS) may be associated with disease risk. Domestic and international trade may enhance this risk. Salmonella enterica serovars, their virulence genes combinations and antibiotic resistance, garner attention for their potentiality to contribute to the adverse health effects on populations throughout the world. The aim of this study was to estimate the risk of imported versus domestic DOD as potential carriers of NTS. The results confirm the prevalence of salmonellosis in imported ducklings was 18.5% (25/135), whereas only 12% (9/75) of cases were determined in the domestic ducklings. Fourteen serovars (Salmonella enteritidis, Salmonella kisii, Salmonella typhimurium, Salmonella gaillac, Salmonella uno, Salmonella eingedi, Salmonella shubra, Salmonella bardo, Salmonella inganda, Salmonella kentucky, Salmonella stanley, Salmonella virchow, Salmonella haifa, and Salmonella anatum) were isolated from the imported ducklings, whereas only S. enteritidis, S. typhimurium, S. virchow, and S. shubra were isolated from the domestic ducklings. The isolated Salmonella serovars were 100% susceptible to only colistin sulphate and 100% resistant to lincomycin. The 14 Salmonella serovars were screened for 11 virulence genes (invA, avrA, ssaQ, mgtC, siiD, sopB, gipA, sodC1, sopE1, spvC, and bcfC) by PCR. The invA, sopB, and bcfC genes were detected in 100% of the Salmonella serovars; alternatively, the gipA gene was absent in all of the isolated Salmonella serovars. The 11 virulent genes were not detected in either of S. stanley or S. haifa serovars. The results confirm an association between antibiotic resistance and virulence of Salmonella in the DOD. This study confirms the need for a country adherence to strict public health and food safety regimes.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 72%

Isolation and characterization ofSalmonella entericain day-old ducklings in Egypt

Osman

Marouf

Zolnikov

et al. 2013

Pathogens and Global Health

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“…Despite an obvious sequence similarity of type III secretion proteins present in different GIs, DNA compositional analysis showed that these virulence factors evolved independently several times by gene recombination. Type III secretion system in the SPI-2 PAI of Salmonella (cell B5) is well characterized [68], [71]. This is a relatively old gene insert in contrast to the type III secretion proteins of the PAI LEE in Escherichia which are of recent horizontal gene exchange activity (C5–D5 in Fig.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mainstreams of Horizontal Gene Exchange in Enterobacteria: Consideration of the Outbreak of Enterohemorrhagic E. coli O104:H4 in Germany in 2011

Bezuidt

Pierneef²,

Mncube³

et al. 2011

PLoS ONE

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Background Escherichia coli O104:H4 caused a severe outbreak in Europe in 2011. The strain TY-2482 sequenced from this outbreak allowed the discovery of its closest relatives but failed to resolve ways in which it originated and evolved. On account of the previous statement, may we expect similar upcoming outbreaks to occur recurrently or spontaneously in the future? The inability to answer these questions shows limitations of the current comparative and evolutionary genomics methods.Principal FindingsThe study revealed oscillations of gene exchange in enterobacteria, which originated from marine γ-Proteobacteria. These mobile genetic elements have become recombination hotspots and effective ‘vehicles’ ensuring a wide distribution of successful combinations of fitness and virulence genes among enterobacteria. Two remarkable peculiarities of the strain TY-2482 and its relatives were observed: i) retaining the genetic primitiveness by these strains as they somehow avoided the main fluxes of horizontal gene transfer which effectively penetrated other enetrobacteria; ii) acquisition of antibiotic resistance genes in a plasmid genomic island of β-Proteobacteria origin which ontologically is unrelated to the predominant genomic islands of enterobacteria.ConclusionsOscillations of horizontal gene exchange activity were reported which result from a counterbalance between the acquired resistance of bacteria towards existing mobile vectors and the generation of new vectors in the environmental microflora. We hypothesized that TY-2482 may originate from a genetically primitive lineage of E. coli that has evolved in confined geographical areas and brought by human migration or cattle trade onto an intersection of several independent streams of horizontal gene exchange. Development of a system for monitoring the new and most active gene exchange events was proposed.

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“…For instance, the rate of ciprofloxacin resistance in clinical E. coli isolates has increased from 4.3% to 16.7% between 1998 and 2013 in southeast Austria. Such resistance is attributed to the misuse of antibiotics and will ultimately increase the cost of treatment, prolong the illness, and increase the rate of mortality (Van et al 2007;Bhowmick et al 2011;Fortini et al 2011;Pavlickova et al 2015). Unfortunately, more than half a million people worldwide die each year from antibiotic-resistant bacterial infections (Davies et al 2013).…”

Section: Antibiotic-associated Intestinal Dysbiosismentioning

confidence: 99%

Bacteriophages: the possible solution to treat infections caused by pathogenic bacteria

El‐Shibiny

El-Sahhar

2017

Can. J. Microbiol.

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Since their discovery in 1915, bacteriophages have been used to treat bacterial infections in animals and humans because of their unique ability to infect their specific bacterial hosts without affecting other bacterial populations. The research carried out in this field throughout the 20th century, largely in Georgia, part of USSR and Poland, led to the establishment of phage therapy protocols. However, the discovery of penicillin and sulfonamide antibiotics in the Western World during the 1930s was a setback in the advancement of phage therapy. The misuse of antibiotics has reduced their efficacy in controlling pathogens and has led to an increase in the number of antibiotic-resistant bacteria. As an alternative to antibiotics, bacteriophages have become a topic of interest with the emergence of multidrug-resistant bacteria, which are a threat to public health. Recent studies have indicated that bacteriophages can be used indirectly to detect pathogenic bacteria or directly as biocontrol agents. Moreover, they can be used to develop new molecules for clinical applications, vaccine production, drug design, and in the nanomedicine field via phage display.Key words: bacteriophages, antibiotics, biocontrol, infection, pathogenesis.Résumé : Les bactériophages ont été utilisés pour traiter des infections bactériennes chez l'animal et l'humain depuis leur découverte en 1915, à cause de leur capacité unique d'infecter leurs hôtes bactériens spécifiques, sans affecter les autres populations bactériennes. La recherche réalisée dans ce domaine au cours du vingtième siècle, principalement en Géorgie, dans une partie de l'URSS et en Pologne, a mené à l'établissement de protocoles thérapeutiques à partir de phages. Cependant, la découverte de la pénicilline et des antibiotiques sulfamidés au cours des années 1930 a retardé l'avancement de la thérapie par les phages. Le mauvais usage des antibiotiques depuis leur découverte a résulté en une augmentation du nombre de bactéries résistantes aux antibiotiques et une réduction de leur efficacité à contrôler d'importants pathogènes. Les bactériophages sont devenus un sujet d'intérêt comme alternative aux antibiotiques avec l'émergence de bactéries multirésistantes qui constituent une menace à la santé publique. Des études récentes ont indiqué que les bactériophages peuvent être utilisés indirectement pour détecter les bactéries pathogènes, ou directement, comme agents de contrôle biologique. De plus, ils peuvent être utilisés pour développer de nouvelles molécules à des fins d'applications cliniques, de production de vaccins, dans la conception de médicaments et dans le domaine de la nanomédecine, par l'exposition sur phage. [Traduit par la Rédaction]

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Presence of Salmonella pathogenicity island 2 genes in seafood-associated Salmonella serovars and the role of the sseC gene in survival of Salmonella enterica serovar Weltevreden in epithelial cells

Cited by 27 publications

References 44 publications

Isolation and characterization ofSalmonella entericain day-old ducklings in Egypt

Isolation and characterization ofSalmonella entericain day-old ducklings in Egypt

Mainstreams of Horizontal Gene Exchange in Enterobacteria: Consideration of the Outbreak of Enterohemorrhagic E. coli O104:H4 in Germany in 2011

Bacteriophages: the possible solution to treat infections caused by pathogenic bacteria

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