Presence of sulfated glycans in Ascidian tunic and in the body wall of a sea cocumber

Albano, Rodolpho Mattos; Mourāo, Paulo A.S.

doi:10.1016/0304-4165(83)90143-5

Cited by 35 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…These three sugars account for the majority of amps to be found in vertebrates and invertebrates [3]. In many tunicates, they are the only constituents of mucopolysaccharides [1]. The fact that most carboxylic and other amps are extracted along with alkali-soluble proteins suggests a peripheral location within the fibre architecture.…”

Section: Associated Acid Mucopolysaccharides (Amps) and Proteinsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization and supramolecular architecture of the cellulose‐protein fibrils in the tunic of the sea peach (Halocynthia papillosa, Ascidiacea, Urochordata)

Daele

Revol

Gaill

et al. 1992

Biology of the Cell

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The cellulose-protein fibrils, which constitute by far the bulk of the fibrous fraction of the sea peach tunic (Halocynthia papillosa), were structurally and chemically characterized, either in situ or after extraction procedures, with the use of classical electron microscopy combined with diffraction contrast imaging and electron diffraction, histochemistry, affinity cytochemistry and chemical analysis. These fibrils exhibit a cross-sectional shape close to a parallelogram. The crystallites forming their core, with lateral dimensions ranging from roughly 5 to 20 nm, are composed of native cellulose of higher crystallinity than that of plant cellulose. They are associated with acid mucopolysaccharid~s (amps) and proteins which form a coating material appearing as a continuous sheath enveloping the axial crystallite in the cuticular layer or as patches more-or-less periodically distributed around and along the fibre axis in the fundamental layer. Tunicin, the alkali-insoluble fibrous fraction, is not pure cellulose, yielding only 22-60% of its dry weight as glucose equivalents, depending on the tunical layer. It is suggested that in addition to the high degree of crystallinity of the tunical cellulose, the presence of a significant amount of coating material composed of amino acids and proteoglycans firmly linked to cellulose molecules contributes to tunicin's high resistance to hydrolysis.

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Section: Associated Acid Mucopolysaccharides (Amps) and Proteinsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization and supramolecular architecture of the cellulose‐protein fibrils in the tunic of the sea peach (Halocynthia papillosa, Ascidiacea, Urochordata)

Daele

Revol

Gaill

et al. 1992

Biology of the Cell

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“…The chemical screen protocol also pinpointed those supernatants in which activity remained due to incomplete precipitation of polysaccharides. Elution of anti-HIV activity in the first fraction from each cartridge or precipitation on the cartridge packings could be confirmed as indicative of anionic polysaccharides by evaluation of toluidine blue bathochromic shifts in the supernatants (16).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 94%

A Chemical Screening Strategy for the Dereplication and Prioritization of HIV-Inhibitory Aqueous Natural Products Extracts

Cardellina¹,

Munro²,

Fuller³

et al. 1993

J. Nat. Prod.

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A relatively high percentage (ca. 15%) of aqueous extracts from terrestrial plants, cyanobacteria, and marine invertebrates and algae has exhibited activity in the National Cancer Institute's primary AIDS-antiviral screen. By removal of anionic polysaccharides in a first stage of dereplication, we have eliminated from further consideration a considerable number of these extracts. However, a still substantial proportion of the active extracts remained, from which we wished to select and prioritize a small percentage for our detailed bioassay-directed fractionation studies. Therefore, a chemical screening protocol, utilizing various solid-phase extraction cartridges, has been developed for a second-stage dereplication and to assist in prioritization of these extracts for our further investigations.

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“…To determine the presence or absence of sulfated polysaccharides in aqueous fractions of Adocia sp., samples were tested using the cationic dye toluidine blue O and analyzed for absorbance at 620 nm as described previously [3, 11].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Isolation and characterization of adociavirin, a novel HIV‐inhibitory protein from the sponge Adocia sp.¹

O’Keefe¹,

Erim²,

Beutler³

et al. 1998

FEBS Letters

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Aqueous extracts of the New Zealand sponge Adocia sp. (Haplosclerida) displayed potent anticytopathic activity in CEM-SS cells infected with HIV-1. Protein fractions of the extract bound both to the viral coat protein gp120 and to the cellular receptor CD4, but not to other tested proteins. The purified active protein, named adociavirin, was characterized by isoelectric focusing, amino acid analysis, MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry and N-terminal sequencing. Adociavirin, a disulfide-linked homodimer with a native molecular weight of 37 kDa, was active against diverse strains and isolates of HIV-1, as well as HIV-2, with EC SH values ranging from 0.4 nM to s 400 nM. The anti-HIV potency of adociavirin appears dependent on host cell type, with macrophage cultures being the most sensitive and peripheral blood lymphocytes the most resistant.z 1998 Federation of European Biochemical Societies.

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Presence of sulfated glycans in Ascidian tunic and in the body wall of a sea cocumber

Cited by 35 publications

References 17 publications

Characterization and supramolecular architecture of the cellulose‐protein fibrils in the tunic of the sea peach (Halocynthia papillosa, Ascidiacea, Urochordata)

Characterization and supramolecular architecture of the cellulose‐protein fibrils in the tunic of the sea peach (Halocynthia papillosa, Ascidiacea, Urochordata)

A Chemical Screening Strategy for the Dereplication and Prioritization of HIV-Inhibitory Aqueous Natural Products Extracts

Isolation and characterization of adociavirin, a novel HIV‐inhibitory protein from the sponge Adocia sp.¹

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Presence of sulfated glycans in Ascidian tunic and in the body wall of a sea cocumber

Cited by 35 publications

References 17 publications

Characterization and supramolecular architecture of the cellulose‐protein fibrils in the tunic of the sea peach (Halocynthia papillosa, Ascidiacea, Urochordata)

Characterization and supramolecular architecture of the cellulose‐protein fibrils in the tunic of the sea peach (Halocynthia papillosa, Ascidiacea, Urochordata)

A Chemical Screening Strategy for the Dereplication and Prioritization of HIV-Inhibitory Aqueous Natural Products Extracts

Isolation and characterization of adociavirin, a novel HIV‐inhibitory protein from the sponge Adocia sp.1

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Isolation and characterization of adociavirin, a novel HIV‐inhibitory protein from the sponge Adocia sp.¹