Present and future: Does agriculture affect economic growth and the environment in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia?

Emam, Abda Abdalla

doi:10.17221/58/2022-agricecon

Cited by 4 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…The problem will be solved by replacing carbon mines by renewable energy sources and nuclear energy [72][73][74]. A very important role will be played by agriculture, which delivers both biomass and biogas, but also leads to environmental degradation [75].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Role of Renewable Energy Sources in Electricity Production in Poland and the Background of Energy Policy of the European Union at the Beginning of the COVID-19 Crisis

et al. 2022

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Electricity production in Poland is stable and ranges from 160–170 TWH a year. The share of renewable energy sources (RES) is increasing. Poland increased its share from 6.9% in 2010 to 12.7% in 2019 and 16.1% in 2020. The share of hard and brown coal decreased in Poland from 87.8% in 2010 to 73.5% in 2019. Wind energy (9.2%) and natural gas (9.2%) are the most important sources of RES in electricity production. The purpose of this research is to discover the changes in renewable energy production, and the impact on electricity production in Poland. Our research showed the extent of development of RES in Poland and other countries of the European Union. The share of renewable energy sources in electricity production increased as the effect of energy policy of the European Union. We also evaluated the impact of the COVID-19 crisis on the renewable energy market and electricity production in Poland, and other countries of the European Union. Because of the shortage of data, we presented changes at the beginning of the COVID-19 crisis in 2019–2020. First, we described the sustainable development and energy policy of the European Union. Then, we described and used methods, including regression analysis, as the most important method. We also found that the power capacity in Poland increased, with the increases coming from solar radiation (11,984%), wind energy (437.8%) and biomass installations (324.7%) in 2010–2020. The biggest electricity producers in the EU are France and Germany. These countries also use nuclear energy, which helps to meet the increasing demand. To check the impact of power installed from renewable energy carriers we conducted a regression analysis. This method provided a correlation between electricity production from renewable energy sources and investments in renewable energy carriers. We wanted to discover the impact of RES installations, and their impact on electricity production in Poland. The statistical analysis was based on data from 2010–2020. Our research points out that the most important factors shaping electricity production were installations using energy from solar radiation and hydropower installations.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Role of Renewable Energy Sources in Electricity Production in Poland and the Background of Energy Policy of the European Union at the Beginning of the COVID-19 Crisis

et al. 2022

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“…An inverse relationship between carbon dioxide emissions and agricultural productivity using the social accounting matrix (SAM) in Ethiopia was also observed [38]. In the middle east region, from the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, an estimation by Emam found that agriculture affected the environment negatively from 1990 to 2019 period using ARDL bounds methods [39]. Data from 47 developing countries during the 1976-2017 period using dynamic panel data estimators also showed that agricultural production reduced environmental quality [40].…”

Section: Agricultural Economic Growth and Environmental Degradationmentioning

confidence: 92%

The Impacts of Climate Change, Carbon Dioxide Emissions (CO2) and Renewable Energy Consumption on Agricultural Economic Growth in South Africa: ARDL Approach

Tagwi

2022

Sustainability

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One of the most affected economies by climate change is the agricultural sector. Climate change measured by temperature and precipitation has an impact on agricultural output, which in turn affects the economy of the sector. It is anticipated that using renewable energy will lower carbon emissions that are directly related to climate change. The main objective of this study was to evaluate the impact of carbon dioxide emissions (CO2), renewable energy usage, and climate change on South Africa’s agricultural sector from 1972 to 2021. The nexus was estimated using an Auto Regressive-Distributed Lag (ARDL) Bounds test econometric technique. In the short run, findings indicated that climate change reduces agricultural economic growth and carbon dioxide emissions increase as agricultural economic growth increases. The use of renewable energy was insignificant in the short and long run. Carbon dioxide emissions granger causes temperature and renewable energy unilateral. An ARDL analysis was performed to evaluate the short and long-term relationship between agricultural economic growth, climate change, carbon dioxide emissions and renew able energy usage. The study adds new knowledge on the effects of climate change and carbon emissions on the agricultural economy alongside the use of renewable energy which can be used to inform economic policy on climate change and the energy nexus in the agricultural sector. Study findings point to the prioritization of biomass commercialization, rural and commercial farming sector bioenergy regulations and socioeconomic imperatives research is crucial in order to promote inclusive participation in the production of renewable energy.

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“…The information about such data is presented in Table 1. Unit root test: [61,62] state the following equation to test the order of integration of the series under study, using the ADF test:…”

Section: Data Descriptionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The ARDL test is efficient for small observations of time series and used irrespective of the series order I(0) and I(1) but not I(2). The following equations were used [62,63]:…”

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confidence: 99%

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Saudi Fertilizers and Their Impact on Global Food Security: Present and Future

Emam

2023

Sustainability

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This study was designed to assess the long-run association between the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA) and world export fertilizer (urea and DAP) prices. It also aims to disclose the effect of KSA fertilizer export quantities on global food security. KSA and world fertilizer prices and quantities were collected from various sources for the period ranging from 2002 to 2020. The results from the autoregressive distributed lag bounds and Engle–Granger two-step procedure tests discovered that there are long-run associations between KSA and world urea and DAP prices, respectively. Fully modified ordinary least squares and dynamic ordinary least squares model results were compatible with the results of the autoregressive distributed lag model. From the ECM results, the coefficient of adjustment parameter for KSA urea and DAP prices (as a dependent variable) proved positive and insignificant, leading to the conclusion that the model was powerless to right its previous time instability. This may be due to the short time interval of the series under study, and indicate that it requires more than 12 months to return to its long-run equilibrium. Likewise, the results showed that KSA fertilizer (urea and DAP) export quantities have a positive, highly significant impact on world urea and DAP export quantities. Reference to forecasting analysis results, the growth rates of urea exports quantities equal to 0.002 and 0.004 for the period from 2002 to 2018 and from 2019 to 2026, respectively. In addition, the growth rates of DAP export quantities equal to 0.45 and 0.07 for the period 2002 to 2018 and for the forecast period 2019 to 2026, respectively. With reference to KSA fertilizer exports, the importer countries rank among the main countries producing wheat, sorghum, maize, rice, and millet (chief food crops) in the world, showing that the KSA fertilizer (urea and DAP) export quantities contribute directly to global food security through fertilizer exportation and indirectly through the contribution of the importer’s countries in production of chief food crops. Recommendations drawn from the results are to increase the contribution of the KSA to global food security through lowering the time required to absorb fertilizer price shocks in the world (less than 12 months) and increase the KSA’s fertilizer export quantities.

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Present and future: Does agriculture affect economic growth and the environment in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia?

Cited by 4 publications

References 37 publications

The Role of Renewable Energy Sources in Electricity Production in Poland and the Background of Energy Policy of the European Union at the Beginning of the COVID-19 Crisis

The Role of Renewable Energy Sources in Electricity Production in Poland and the Background of Energy Policy of the European Union at the Beginning of the COVID-19 Crisis

The Impacts of Climate Change, Carbon Dioxide Emissions (CO2) and Renewable Energy Consumption on Agricultural Economic Growth in South Africa: ARDL Approach

Saudi Fertilizers and Their Impact on Global Food Security: Present and Future

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