Present and <scp>P</scp>ast <i><scp>H</scp>elicobacter pylori </i><scp>I</scp>nfection in <scp>M</scp>exican <scp>S</scp>chool <scp>C</scp>hildren

Mendoza, Eugenia; Camorlinga‐Ponce, Margarita; Perez-Perez, Guillermo I.; Mera, Robertino M.; Vilchis, Jenny; Morán, Segundo; Rivera, Octavio; Coria, Rafael; Torres, Javier; Correa, Pelayo; Duque, Ximena

doi:10.1111/hel.12098

Cited by 18 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 43 publications

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“…All participants were apparently healthy and did not report any gastric disease at the time of the evaluation ( Table 2 ). Our results agree with those found by Duque et al and those reported by Mendoza et al, both studies in Mexican school children, but these reports used urea breath test (UBT) for the diagnosis of infection [ 8 , 36 ]. The agreement would be attributed to the fact that both diagnosis methods (UBT and PCR) have an estimated sensitivity of 75% to 100%.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Prevalence ofHelicobacter pylori vacAGenotypes andcagAGene in Dental Plaque of Asymptomatic Mexican Children

Mendoza-Cantú

Urrutia-Baca

Urbina-Ríos

et al. 2017

BioMed Research International

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The variability in Helicobacter pylori vacA and cagA genes has been related to the progression of the gastrointestinal disease; also the presence of H. pylori in the oral cavity has been associated with periodontal disease in adults, but, in children without dyspeptic symptoms, little is known about this. We evaluated the prevalence of H. pylori and the presence of vacA/cagA genotypes in the oral cavity of Mexican children without dyspeptic symptoms. The gingival status was measured, and dental plaque samples (n = 100) were taken. 38% of children were positive for H. pylori 16S rRNA gene by qPCR. A significant association between H. pylori oral infection and gingival status was observed (P < 0.001). In 34.6% (9/26) of mild gingivitis cases, s1m2 genotype was found, while s1m1 was typed in 50% (3/6) of moderate gingivitis. The cagA prevalence among H. pylori-positive children was 80.8% (21/26), 83.3% (5/6), and 16.7% (1/6) of cases of mild gingivitis, moderate gingivitis, and nongingivitis, respectively (P < 0.001). The s1m1/cagA+ combinational genotype was the most detected in children with gingivitis. Our results suggest that the prevalence of H. pylori and detection of vacA/cagA genotypes-associated gastrointestinal disease in the oral cavity could be related to the progression of gingivitis in asymptomatic children.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Prevalence ofHelicobacter pylori vacAGenotypes andcagAGene in Dental Plaque of Asymptomatic Mexican Children

Mendoza-Cantú

Urrutia-Baca

Urbina-Ríos

et al. 2017

BioMed Research International

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“…These results imply that not all children with infection show an increased serum hepcidin level, thus the association between in H. pylori infection and iron deficiency might be explained by other mechanisms than hepcidin production [34]. However, the serologic method used to detect H. pylori also can imply that some children may have had a prior inactive infection by H. pylori [35].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Association between Active H. pylori Infection and Iron Deficiency Assessed by Serum Hepcidin Levels in School-Age Children

et al. 2019

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Hepcidin regulates iron metabolism. Its synthesis increases in infection and decreases in iron deficiency. The aim of this study was to evaluate the relationship between H. pylori infection and iron deficiency by levels of hepcidin in children. A total of 350 school-age children participated in this cross-sectional study. Determinations of serum ferritin, hemoglobin, hepcidin, C-reactive protein, and α-1-acid-glycoprotein were done. Active H. pylori infection was performed with a 13C-urea breath test. In schoolchildren without H. pylori infection, hepcidin was lower in those with iron deficiency compared to children with normal iron status (5.5 ng/mL vs. 8.2 ng/mL, p = 0.017); while in schoolchildren with H. pylori infection the levels of hepcidin tended to be higher, regardless of the iron nutritional status. Using multivariate analysis, the association between H. pylori infection and iron deficiency was different by hepcidin levels. The association between H. pylori and iron deficiency was not significant for lower values of hepcidin (Odds Ratio = 0.17; 95% Confidence Interval [CI] 0.02–1.44), while the same association was significant for higher values of hepcidin (OR = 2.84; CI 95% 1.32–6.09). This joint effect is reflected in the adjusted probabilities for iron deficiency: Individuals with H. pylori infection and higher levels of hepcidin had a probability of 0.24 (CI 95% 0.14–0.34) for iron deficiency, and this probability was 0.24 (CI 95% 0.14–0.33) in children without H. pylori infection and lower levels of hepcidin. In children with H. pylori infection and iron deficiency, the hepcidin synthesis is upregulated. The stimulus to the synthesis of hepcidin due to H. pylori infection is greater than the iron deficiency stimulus.

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“…Following quality assessment of the remaining 16 observational studies, a total of 15 studies with a quality assessment score of ≥7 (Tables I-III) were included in the present study (Fig. 1), including two cohort (18,32), eight cross-sectional (20,21,(33)(34)(35)(36)(37)(38) and five case-control (39)(40)(41)(42)(43) studies.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Association between Helicobacter pylori infection and delayed growth in children: A meta‑analysis

et al. 2020

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Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection is associated with extra-gastrointestinal diseases in children. The present study aimed to investigate the potential association between H. pylori infection and growth in children. The PubMed, Exerpta Medica dataBASE, Cochrane Library and Chinese Biomedical Literature Database databases were comprehensively searched for relevant publications dated between January 1st 1994 and January 1st 2019. Delayed childhood growth was defined according to the age-appropriate criteria in the World Health Organization Child Growth Charts (2006 edition). The odds ratios (ORs) and 95% CIs were pooled using the fixed-effects model and subgroup and sensitivity analyses were performed using Review Manager (version 5.3; Cochrane) and STATA (version 12.0; StataCorp LP) software. A total of 15 observational studies comprising 4,199 subjects were included in the present study. A higher frequency of delayed growth was observed in H. pylori-positive children compared with that in H. pylori-negative children (OR, 1.51; 95% CI, 1.28-1.78), particularly for linear growth (OR, 1.63; 95% CI, 1.32-2.00). The aforementioned association was only observed when H. pylori infection was detected using 13 C-urea breath tests (OR, 1.72; 95% CI, 1.22-2.40) or serum IgG antibodies targeted against H. pylori (OR, 1.81; 95% CI, 1.35-2.44).H. pylori infection was also associated with delayed childhood growth in studies with a H. pylori prevalence of ≤30% (OR, 1.71; 95% CI, 1.31-2.23) or >30% but not >50% (OR, 1.43; 95% CI, 1.10-1.86). The association between infection and growth was only statistically significant in the cross-sectional (OR, 1.43; 95% CI, 1.18-1.73) and case-control (OR, 1.81; 95% CI, 1.23-2.67) studies. No significant heterogeneity among studies was identified in the present analysis. According to Begg's and Egger's linear regression methods for funnel plots and quantification assessments, no publication bias was identified. The trim and fill method further suggested that H. pylori-positive children were prone to delayed linear growth. Therefore, the present study suggested that preventing and detecting H. pylori infection in children may be critical to ensure normal growth and development during childhood.

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Present and Past Helicobacter pylori Infection in Mexican School Children

Abstract: The estimated prevalence of infection depends of the test utilized. Frequency of H. pylori infection and carrying CagA-positive strains was high in this population. Malnutrition was associated with active H. pylori infection.

Cited by 18 publications

References 43 publications

Prevalence ofHelicobacter pylori vacAGenotypes andcagAGene in Dental Plaque of Asymptomatic Mexican Children

Prevalence ofHelicobacter pylori vacAGenotypes andcagAGene in Dental Plaque of Asymptomatic Mexican Children

Association between Active H. pylori Infection and Iron Deficiency Assessed by Serum Hepcidin Levels in School-Age Children

Association between Helicobacter pylori infection and delayed growth in children: A meta‑analysis

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