Present-day characteristics of phytoplankton, microphytobenthos and phytoepiphyton of the Kaniv reservoir

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The paper studies quantitative diversity and dominant complexes of phytoplankton, microphytobenthos and phytoepiphyton in lotic and lentic biotopes within the Kaniv Reservoir in summer seasons of 2017–2022, considers their association with some abiotic variables, assesses the trophic state, information diversity according to Shannon’s index and water quality. The cell count of planktonic algae varied within 2780–124155 thous. cells · dm–3, biomass – 0.631–11.636 mg · dm–3, benthic algae – 390–13874 thous. cells · 10 cm–2 and 0.162–2.651 mg mg · 10 cm–2, epiphytic algae – 50–680 thous. cells mg · 10 cm–2 and 0.050–1.679 mg · 10 cm–2 respectively. In lotic biotopes the phytoplankton cell count was higher than in lentic biotopes due to algal inflow from the Kyiv Reservoir and tributaries. The structural organization of phytoplankton and microphytobenthos is represented by oligodominant complexes of Cyanobacteria – Bacillariophyta and Bacillariophyta – Cyanobacteria respectively, and phytoepiphyton – by monodominant complex of Bacillariophyta. The necessity to distinguish dominant complexes according to cell count and biomass has been proven. The dominant complexes of algal communities clearly divide into three clusters (for plankton, benthos and epiphyton), and each of them – into two clusters (for lotic and lentic biotopes). The Sorensen similarity between phytoplankton and microphytobenthos was higher than between phytoplankton and phytoepiphyton, which can be explained by sedimentation of planktonic forms on the bottom under different ecological conditions. High cell count and biomass, diverse dominant complex of algal communities depend upon some abiotic variables (solar radiation, photic layer thickness, water temperature in summer, nutrient content). According to phytoplankton the trophic state of the Kaniv Reservoir is assessed as eutrophic–polytrophic, and according to contour algal communities – as oligo-mesotrophic–mesotrophic. This difference complies with the “alternative stable states” theory. That is, in summer the water reservoir is in “turbid state”, when planktonic Cyanobacteria grow intensively, screen the water surface and suppress the photosynthesis of benthic and epiphytic algal communities. The water quality of the Kaniv Reservoir is within the 1st–3rd classes (clean–satisfactory clean waters), there are no point of diffuse sources of water pollution, which mainly coincides with retrospective data.

Section: матеріали та методиunclassified

Section: результати та обговоренняunclassified

Section: сучасна характеристика фітопланктонуunclassified

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Present-day characteristics of phytoplankton, microphytobenthos and phytoepiphyton of the Kaniv Reservoir

Shcherbak,

Semeniuk,

Davydov

et al. 2023

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Plankton and contour algal communities in the ukrainian section of the Western Bug River and its tributaries

Shcherbak,

Semeniuk,

Davydov

et al. 2024

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The taxonomic diversity of algae in the Western Bug River and its tributaries during the low-water summer-autumn season comprised 303 species (318 intraspecies taxa, ist) from 131 genera, 74 families, 45 orders, 16 classes and 8 phyla. Bacillariophyta dominated, Chlorophyta were recorded as subdominants. The phytoplankton taxonomic diversity included 140 ist, microphytobenthos – 191, phytoperiphyton – 172. The floristic nucleus of algal communities was formed by 17 families. In phytoplankton the highest rank belonged to Scenedesmaceae, while in contour algal communities – Naviculaceae. The highest floristic similarity was observed for microphytobenthos and phytoperiphyton, and the highest dissimilarity – for phytoplankton and phytoperiphyton. The spatial differentiation between contour and plankton communities during the low-water period, rather high similarity of their floristic structure indicate the unity of structural organization of algae from different ecological groups as an important component of biodiversity in the transboundary rivers. According to geographic distribution cosmopolites dominated; according to flow and oxygen regime – indifferents; according to pH preference – alkaliphilic and indifferent species; according to salinity preference – indifferent species; according to saprobiological characteristics – χ-ο- and β-mesosaprobic species. According to biotopic preference eurytopic and benthic forms prevailed. The dialectic unity between contour algal communities and phytoplankton to a great extent depends on morphometric and hydrological characteristics of the rivers under study. High taxonomic diversity, clearly marked spatial differentiation between planktonic and contour communities, interesting species of Bacillariophyta – all these features are indicative of the uniqueness and importance of algae in forming the biodiversity of the transboundary Western Bug River and its tributaries as the components of the EU hydrological network.

Тaxonomic diversity of phytoplankton of fish ponds of Lviv Region

Hryhorenko,

Chuzhma,

Bazaieva

2024

he article presents the results of research on the taxonomic diversity and ecological characteristics of phytoplankton in fish ponds of Lviv region. It was found that the phytoplankton of the studied water bodies was characterized by high taxonomic diversity and was represented by 170 species and intraspecific taxa belonging to 95 genera, 52 families, 29 orders, 13 classes and 7 systematic divisions. The dominant group of the floristic composition were Chlorophyta (49 – 64% of the total number of revealed species), the subdominants were Bacillariophyta (11 – 15%), Euglenozoa 7 – 20%) and Cyanobacteria 5 – 12%). Coefficients of species similarity according to Serensen (Ks = 0.620.83) and Kendel's rank correlation for leading families (τ = 0.540.73) and genera (τ = 0.410.70) were high that indicates the similarity of the species composition of algal communities of different farms. The analysis of the ecological characteristics of algae showed that planktonic 33 – 38%) forms predominated in phytoplankton in terms of biotope distribution. Plankton-benthic, epiphytic forms were of secondary importance, accounting for 26 – 29%) and 20 – 29%) of the total number of species with a known biotope distribution, respectively. Slow-flowing forms dominated in terms of rheophilicity 79 – 88%), in terms of salinity 82 – 91%) and relation to pH 73 – 86%)  indifferent species. The main share of phytoplankton saprobic indicator species was formed by β-mesosaprobes 51 – 59%) and o-α-mesosaprobes 17 – 19%), which characterize these water bodies as those with a moderate level of organic pollution.