Presentation and mechanisms of concussion in professional Rugby League football

Hinton-Bayre, Anton; Geffen, G. M.; Friis, Peter

doi:10.1016/s1440-2440(04)80035-5

Cited by 50 publications

(42 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…Six studies, two of which are high-quality level I studies, showed no effect of playing position on concussion risk 23 25 74 97 102 103. An increased and decreased risk for specific playing positions was reported in two studies with a level of evidence of II and I, respectively21 104 (see online supplementary Table 1.9).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Two studies examined the period of the match as a potential risk factor for concussion96 97 (see online supplementary table S1.7). The first study found there were significantly more concussions in the second compared with the third period in elite ice hockey games 96.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The first study found there were significantly more concussions in the second compared with the third period in elite ice hockey games 96. The second study found no difference in concussion rates between the first and second halves of professional rugby league football 97. Due to the limited number of studies available we assigned a low level of certainty to the time of the match as a risk factor.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Both rugby studies reported no effect of playing position on risk. However, few concussions were reported explaining the absence of a risk effect 74 97…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Risk factors for sports concussion: an evidence-based systematic review

et al. 2013

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SA and SM contributed equally to this work. AbstractConcussion is a common sports injury with approximately 1.6 -3.8 million sport-related concussions reported in the US annually. Identifying risk factors may assist in preventing these injuries. This systematic review aims to identify such risk factors. Three electronic databases; ScienceDirect, PubMed and SpringerLink, were searched using the keywords "RISK FACTORS" or "PREDISPOSITION" in conjunction with "SPORT" and "CONCUSSION". 2Based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria, 13 628 identified titles were independently analysed by two of the authors to a final list of 86 articles. Only articles with a level of evidence of I, II and III were included according to robust study design and data analysis. The level of certainty for each risk factor was determined. A high level of certainty for increased risk of a subsequent concussion in athletes sustaining more than one previous concussion was reported in 10 of 13 studies. Further, a high level of certainty was assigned to match play with all 29 studies reporting an increased concussion risk during matches. All other risk factors were evaluated as having a low level of certainty. Although several risk factors were identified from the appraised studies, prospective cohort studies, larger sample sizes, consistent and robust measures of risk should be employed in future research.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Both rugby studies reported no effect of playing position on risk. However, few concussions were reported explaining the absence of a risk effect 74 97…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Risk factors for sports concussion: an evidence-based systematic review

et al. 2013

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“…Although only accounting for 1.8% of the total MSC injury entitlement claims, concussions accounted for 6.3% of the total MSC costs and had the highest mean cost per injury type. Concussions have been reported to occur in 40% of all illegal tackles36 with one study33 reporting that all concussions recorded occurred in the tackle. Injury prevention strategies aimed at decreasing concussion in rugby league should include defensive drills,13 tackle technique training 1322.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rugby league injuries in New Zealand: a review of 8 years of Accident Compensation Corporation injury entitlement claims and costs

Hume

Milburn

et al. 2009

Br J Sports Med

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Injury prevention programmes for rugby league should focus on reducing the risk of concussion/brain injury and knee and soft tissue injury, and should target participants in the 20-30 years old age range. More longitudinal epidemiological studies with specific details on injury mechanisms and participation data are warranted to further identify the injury circumstances surrounding participation in rugby league activities.

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