Presentation modality influences behavioral measures of alerting, orienting, and executive control

Roberts, Keith; Summerfield, A. Quentin; Hall, Deborah A.

doi:10.1017/s1355617706060620

Cited by 48 publications

(59 citation statements)

References 43 publications

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“…Roberts, Summerfield, & Hall (2006) directly compared auditory and visual presentations of the ANT, and Callejas, Lupianex, Funes, & Tudela (2005) studied mixed modalities, utilizing auditory cues to index A and visual cues to index O. However, neither of these studies addressed hemispheric differences in attention.…”

Section: Nih Public Accessmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Pharmacological studies (Marocco & Davidson, 1998) have related each of the networks predominantly to a specific chemical neuromodulator: ACC and lateral PFC are target areas of the mesocortical dopamine system, involved in C; cholinergic systems arising in the basal forebrain play an important role in O; and the norepinephrine system arising in the locus coeruleus of the midbrain is involved in A. Roberts, Summerfield, & Hall (2006) directly compared auditory and visual presentations of the ANT, and Callejas, Lupianex, Funes, & Tudela (2005) studied mixed modalities, utilizing auditory cues to index A and visual cues to index O. However, neither of these studies addressed hemispheric differences in attention.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Measuring attention in the hemispheres: The lateralized attention network test (LANT)

Greene

Barnea²,

Herzberg

et al. 2008

Brain and Cognition

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The Attention Network Test (ANT) is a brief computerized battery measuring three independent behavioral components of attention: Conflict resolution (ability to overcome distracting stimuli), spatial Orienting (the benefit of valid spatial pre-cues), and Alerting (the benefit of temporal precues). Imaging, clinical, and behavioral evidence demonstrate hemispheric asymmetries in these attentional networks. We constructed a lateralized version of the ANT (LANT), with brief targets flashed in one or the other visual hemifield. We also modified the tests by including invalid spatial cues in order to measure the cost component of Orienting. In a series of experiments, we investigated the efficiency of the attention networks separately in each hemisphere. Participants exhibited significant estimates of all networks measured by the LANT, comparable to the ANT. The three networks were represented in each hemisphere separately and were largely comparable across the two hemispheres. We suggest that the LANT is an informative extension of the original ANT, allowing for measurement of the three attention networks in each hemisphere separately. Keywords attention; conflict; executive; orienting; vigilance; hemispheric specialization; hemispheric independence Attention is believed to involve a bilaterally distributed network whose components are asymmetrically represented in the two hemispheres. Physiological/imaging correlates of attention show that sustained attention (vigilance) tasks yield prefrontal and parietal activation, preferentially in the right hemisphere (RH) (Posner & Petersen, 1990). Stroop and flanker-type conflict resolution tasks selectively engage the anterior cingulate cortex and Address correspondence to Deanna J. Greene, Department of Psychology, University of California, Los Angeles, 1285 Franz Hall, Los Angeles, CA 90095-1563, USA, Email: HYPERLINK "mail to: djgreene@ucla.edu" djgreene@ucla.edu, Phone: (310) Fax: (310) 206-3655. Publisher's Disclaimer: This is a PDF file of an unedited manuscript that has been accepted for publication. As a service to our customers we are providing this early version of the manuscript. The manuscript will undergo copyediting, typesetting, and review of the resulting proof before it is published in its final citable form. Please note that during the production process errors may be discovered which could affect the content, and all legal disclaimers that apply to the journal pertain. (Fan, Flombaum, McCandliss, Thomas, & Posner, 2003). Orienting of visuospatial attention selectively engages right parietal cortex (Corbetta, Kincade, Ollinger, McAvoy, & Shulman, 2000). Clinical and behavioral evidence is largely consistent with the imaging data. Clinical studies confirm that the RH is specialized for alerting, arousal and vigilance (Posner & Petersen, 1990). Hemi-neglect is more often reported and more severe in patients with right than left parietal lesions (for a review, see Mesulam, 1999). Further, normal and split-brain participants demonstrate a gradient ...

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Section: Nih Public Accessmentioning

confidence: 99%

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confidence: 99%

Measuring attention in the hemispheres: The lateralized attention network test (LANT)

Greene

Barnea²,

Herzberg

et al. 2008

Brain and Cognition

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“…This was of great importance, considering the unclear previous findings in the literature (Fan J,et al,2002;Callejas A,et al, 2004Callejas A,et al, ,2005Fuentes, LJ., Campoy, G, 2007;Roberts, K. L,et al, 2006). In order to fully understand the results obtained in this experiment, it was important to refer to our previous findings in which the interaction was not found in tasks exactly the same as this but with an auditory alert and a alert-cue SOA of 450 ms.…”

Section: Discussion Of Resultsmentioning

confidence: 85%

“…Some researchers used original the attention network test (ANT) not to find any interaction between alerting and executive control (Fan J,et al,2002;Roberts, K. L,et al, 2006), however. One reason why these studies did not find the interactions was that the ANT uses asterisks for both alerting and orienting (Callejas A, et al, 2004(Callejas A, et al, , 2005 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Executive Control Influenced by the Time Course of Alerting Effect

Lu¹,

Sun²,

Zhang³

2009

International Conference on Transportation Engineering 2009

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Abstract:Inattention has been shown to be the greatest factor in the cause of driving collision and the warning signal can abstract the drivers' attention to the driving performance so that to reduce the driving collision.. Driving is a complex task that taps mechanisms of cognition and attention. The understanding of the mechanisms of cognition and attention is useful to the understanding of driving. As Posner et al proposed the attention function is carried out by three different attention networks: alerting, orienting and executive control. The question is that whether the arousal level can affect executive control. The answer to this question can explain the effect of warning in driving and be useful to the design of warning signal. In the present experiment we used a modified version of the attention network test (ANT) to assess the interaction of alerting and executive control. We found that, when the alerting function is highly activated, the executive control prevents the system from engaging in higher level processing to enhance the responses to the present stimulus. And their inhibitory relationship is affected by the alert-cue interval. This result suggests us that we should pay attention to the warning signal time in driving.

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“…Alerting is usually defined as improved performance immediately following a warning cue (Roberts, Summerfield, & Hall, 2006) and is often observed in attention studies, even though no shift in spatial attention has occurred (see Fernandez-Duque & Posner, 1997). Indeed, alerting and attention orienting are considered to arise from different neural systems, with the former being associated with the subcortical noradrenergic system, a system known to be involved in general arousal and modulated by behaviourally important stimuli (see, e.g., Aston-Jones, Foote, & Bloom, 1984).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Non-transient luminance changes do not capture attention

Cole

Kuhn

Skarratt

2011

Atten Percept Psychophys

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The processing of luminance change is a ubiquitous feature of the human visual system and provides the basis for the rapid orienting of attention to potentially important events (e.g., motion onset, object onset). However, despite its importance for attentional capture, it is not known whether a luminance change attracts attention solely because of its status as a sensory transient or can attract attention at a relatively high cognitive level. In a series of six experiments, we presented visual displays in which a single object underwent a luminance change that was either visible or obscured by a mask. A target then appeared either at the change location or elsewhere. The results showed that the luminance change attracted attention only in the visible condition. This was even observed with the largest change we could generate (> 75 cd/m 2 ). These data suggest that the importance of a luminance change is only in its status as a low-level sensory transient.

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Presentation modality influences behavioral measures of alerting, orienting, and executive control

Cited by 48 publications

References 43 publications

Measuring attention in the hemispheres: The lateralized attention network test (LANT)

Measuring attention in the hemispheres: The lateralized attention network test (LANT)

Executive Control Influenced by the Time Course of Alerting Effect

Non-transient luminance changes do not capture attention

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