Preservation of Channel Catfish Sperm

Guest, William; Avault, James W.; Roussel, J.D.

doi:10.1577/1548-8659(1976)105<469:poccs>2.0.co;2

Cited by 57 publications

(33 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…Sperm flagella exhibit a new full wave pattern with normal waves developed and high beat efficiency. The hypothesis of such a restoration of the initial energy store has been confirmed by the direct measurement of the ATP concentration (see below), which shows a low value at the end of the first motility phase compared with that obtained after regeneration; this was observed for the sperm of S. maximus (Perchec et al 1993, Chauvaud et al 1995 similarly to observations in fresh water species such as O. mykiss (Christen et al 1987, Billard & Cosson 1992, or Cyprinus carpio (P A second activation of motility can also be induced in spermatozoa from Ictalurus punctatus (Guest et al 1976). …”

Section: Flagellar Bf and Efficiency Both Decrease During The Motilitsupporting

confidence: 56%

Marine fish spermatozoa: racing ephemeral swimmers

Cosson

Groison²,

Suquet³

et al. 2008

Reproduction

145

150

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After a long period of spermatogenesis (several weeks to months), marine fish spermatozoa are delivered at male spawning in seawater (SW) at the same time as ova. In some fish species, as the ova micropyle closes quickly after release, these minute unicells, the spermatozoa, have to accomplish their task of reaching the micropyle within a very brief period (several seconds to minutes), for delivery of the haploid male genetic information to the ova. To achieve this goal, their high-performance motile equipment, the flagellum, must fully activate immediately on contact with the SW and then propel the sperm cell at an unusually high initial velocity. The cost of such 'hyperactivity' is a very rapid consumption of intracellular ATP that outstrips the supply. The spermatozoa become rapidly exhausted because mitochondria cannot compensate for this very fast flagellar energy consumption. Therefore, any spermatozoon ends up with two possibilities: either becoming exhausted and immotile or reaching the egg micropyle within its very short period of forward motility (in the range of tens of seconds) before micropyle closure in relation to both contact of SWand cortical reaction. The aim of the present review is to present step by step the successive events occurring in marine fish spermatozoa from activation until their full arrest of motility. The present knowledge of activation mechanisms is summarized, as well as a description of the motility parameters characterizing the motility period. As a complement, in vitro results on axonemal motility obtained after demembranation of flagella bring further understanding. The description of the sperm energetic content (ATP and other high energy compounds) and its evolution during the swimming period is also discussed. A general model aiming to explain all the successive cellular events occurring immediately after the activation is presented. This model is proposed as a guideline for understanding the events governing the sperm lifespan in the marine fish species that reproduce through external fertilization.

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Section: Flagellar Bf and Efficiency Both Decrease During The Motilitsupporting

confidence: 56%

Marine fish spermatozoa: racing ephemeral swimmers

Cosson

Groison²,

Suquet³

et al. 2008

Reproduction

145

150

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“…Thus activation occurs when osmolality is lowered for milt of fresh water species. On the other hand Guest et al (1976) reported that spermatozoa of the channel catfish Ictalurus punctatus are motile in a 222 mOsm/kg NaCl solution. Consequently, the hypotonic environment is not the only factor explaining motility induction in fresh water species (Alavi et al 2004).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biochemical Composition of Seminal Plasma and Annual Variations in Semen Characteristics of Jundiá Rhamdia quelen (Quoy and Gaimard, Pimelodidae)

Borges

Siqueira

Jurinitz

et al. 2005

Fish Physiol Biochem

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This study investigated the composition of milt of the South American silver catfish (Rhamdia quelen) or jundia´. The semen was taken from jundia´in different periods during the four seasons. The biochemical composition of seminal fluid and the characteristics of sperm were analyzed. The semen quantity which can be extracted per fish in one day was 0.95±0.08 ml during spring (maximum) and 0.24±0.03 ml during winter (minimum). Sperm density (spermatocrit) showed higher values in the spring (75.1±1.3%) decreasing slightly afterwards and reaching 63.0±2.4% to 65.0±2.2% in the fall and winter. Immediately after water dilution, 90-100% of the spermatozoa presented vigorous straightforward motility that remained for at least 20 s. The total duration of the motility was 47.9±1.3 s in the spring and 38.6±0.6 s in the other seasons (P < 0.05). This pattern of motility is maintained for more than 2 h after storage of the milt at room temperature. The pH from 5 to 10 of the water dilution does not influence the sperm motility. The mean seminal pH and osmolality values were 8.7±0.07 and 274.8±11.2 (mOsm/kg), respectively. The ion concentration was: Na 153.7±2.4, K 10.7±2.4, Cl 139.4±2.1, Ca 4.2±0.2, Mg 0.9±0.05, P 0.9±0.08 (mEq/l). The total protein was 0.6±0.05 mg/dl and cholesterol concentration was 13.9±0.9 mg/dl.

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“…Survival is longer at temperatures around 0°C (salmonids: Tomasik, 1974;Carpentier and Billard, 1978;Fundulus: Kuchnov and Foster, 1976;herring: Blaxter, 1955;Dushkina, 1973). In the 0-5°C range, herring sperm may be stored for 7 h (Alderdice and Velsen, 1978) and carp sperm for 45 h (Hulata and Rothbard, 1979) but catfish sperm (Guest et al, 1976) can survive for several weeks.…”

Section: Spermmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The sperm of several other fresh-water species, such as pike (de Montalembert et al, 1978;Stein, 1978) and catfish (Guest et al, 1976) have been successfully frozen. The results on cyprinids are less conclusive (Sin, 1974;Moczarski, 1977) and the hatching percentage is very low.…”

Section: Deepfreezingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Artificial insemination and gamete management in fish

Bellard

1988

Marine Behaviour and Physiology

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Artificial insemination (the collection of spermatozoa and ova and their mixing together in various media that keep spermatozoa motile) is carried out in only a few species (mostly freshwater), such as salmonids, cyprinids and acipenserids. Traditionally, fresh water (or sea water for marine species) is used as the medium in which the male and female gametes are mixed. However, fresh water is not a very favourable medium because hypotonic shock causes the sperm structure to deteriorate in several minutes and the egg is activated quickly. These problems can be avoided by using as media various saline solutions of different composition, depending on the species (125 mM NaCl pH 9 for salmonids; 50 raM Nacl pH 8 for cyprinids). These media prevent sperm deterioration, prolong slightly the duration of motility, and prevent or defer the cortical reaction. These solutions also prevent the yolk of crushed eggs from precipitating when it comes into contact with the water, limit motility and block the micropyle. Fish farmers are beginning to use these media, so significantly increasing the fertilization rate while reducing the number of spermatozoa used for insemination. The length of gamete survival is an important factor to consider in carrying out artificial reproduction. Gamete survival in vivo (after the release of sperm and oocytes from cysts and follicles) varies with the species. Sperm fertilizing ability decreases during the spawning period in sea bass and trout but not in carp. Ovum survival in the general or ovarian cavity is from one to several weeks in salmonids, several hours in carp at 20°C and only 30 min in Chinese carp. In vitro survival is from one to several weeks for sperm (under oxygen and with antibiotics added) and several hours for ova (2-4 h in carp and 12-24 h in trout). The spermatozoa of several species of teleosts have been stored deep frozen, but the quality of the sperm is not as good and more spermatozoa per ovum have to be used to obtain the same percentage of fertilization as with non-frozen sperm.

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Preservation of Channel Catfish Sperm

Cited by 57 publications

References 10 publications

Marine fish spermatozoa: racing ephemeral swimmers

Marine fish spermatozoa: racing ephemeral swimmers

Biochemical Composition of Seminal Plasma and Annual Variations in Semen Characteristics of Jundiá Rhamdia quelen (Quoy and Gaimard, Pimelodidae)

Artificial insemination and gamete management in fish

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