Preservation of erythrocytes in blood containing various cryoprotective agents, frozen at various rates and brought to a given final temperature

Rapatz, G; Sullivan, John J.; Luyet, B

doi:10.1016/s0011-2240(68)80139-7

Cited by 67 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…However, the value of 845 K/min stated by Diller (1975) could not be confirmed by Cosman (1983) who observed that less than 1Oo0 of the cells contain ice at cooling rates up to 1700 K/min. Cosman's distributed parameter analysis yields fairly good agreement with the few values determined for erythrocytes in the threshold region (Rapatz et al, 1968).…”

Section: Cooling Rate Dependencesupporting

confidence: 63%

Intracellular ice formation: cryomicroscopical observation and calorimetric measurement

Körber

Englich

Rau

1991

Journal of Microscopy

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, differential scanning calorimetry, human lymphocytes, darkening and twitching types of intracellular ice formation, freezing injury, threshold cooling rate, crystallization temperature, influence of the cryo-additive dimethyl sulphoxide, nucleation mechanisms.The formation of ice crystals within biological cells is generally deleterious and results in a severe loss of cellular viability and function. With the aim of circumventing this lethal event, the mechanisms of nucleation and their dependence on governing parameters such as temperature, cooling rate and solute and/or additive concentration, and the correlation with the osmotically induced water transport across the cell membrane were investigated. Quantitative low-temperature light microscopy was used for this purpose as it offers the major advantage of studying the dynamics of the involved processes. T o substantiate further the visual observations of the morphological changes associated with intracellular ice formation, supplementary studies by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) were performed under comparable conditions to measure the quantity of water actually transformed into the crystalline state due to the evolution of latent heat.Human lymphocytes were used as a biological model cell. In particular it could be shown that the twitching type of intracellular ice formation which is evident but difficult to observe under the cryomicroscope can be attributed to a liquid-solid phase change within the cells as determined by DSC. Good agreement was obtained between the results measured by both techniques with respect to the following dependencies of governing parameters: the fraction of cells exhibiting intracellular ice determined as a function of the cooling rate shows a sharp demarcation zone with an increase from 0 to loo",, at about the same threshold cooling rate. On the other hand, the temperatures at which intracellular ice forms were found to be only weakly dependent on the cooling rate. With respect to the effect of cryo-additive concentration at a fixed value of the cooling rate, the crystallization temperatures were seen to decrease with concentration. T h e D S C results may hence be regarded as a validation of the microscopic observations.

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Section: Cooling Rate Dependencesupporting

confidence: 63%

Intracellular ice formation: cryomicroscopical observation and calorimetric measurement

Körber

Englich

Rau

1991

Journal of Microscopy

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“…Higher post-thaw integrities observed at temperatures above 230uC is attributed to the rapid cooling being initiated at higher sub-zero temperatures thus creating an overall faster cooling rate. These results are consistent with those reported elsewhere in the literature using fast cooling rates in conjunction with lower concentrations of glycerol 50,54,55 . When 110 mM b-PMP-Glc is added to RBCs in 15% glycerol, post-thaw RBC integrities are 5-15% better at all sub-zero cooling temperatures higher than 230uC (red solid lines, Fig.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 93%

“…The freezing rates were very fast and this is consistent with what is required for non-penetrating cryoprotectants such as HES 14,54,[65][66][67] . The ability of PVA to reduce post-thaw hemolysis was attributed to its ability to inhibit ice recrystallization.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 75%

Small molecule ice recrystallization inhibitors enable freezing of human red blood cells with reduced glycerol concentrations

Acker

Capicciotti

Kurach

et al. 2015

Transfusion Medicine Reviews

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“…The membrane hydraulic permeability at subzero temperatures differs substantially from the one above the freezing point [24]. RBCs are extremely permeable to water, and hence the optimal cooling rate is extremely high at approximately 2,500 K/min [25], which can hardly be reached in the sample volumes as required for therapeutically usable blood.…”

Section: Damage By Hypothermic Storage Rbcsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Membrane Stability during Biopreservation of Blood Cells

Stoll¹,

Wolkers²

2011

Transfus Med Hemother

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Storage methods, which can be taken into consideration for red blood cells and platelets, include liquid storage, cryopreservation and freeze-drying. Red blood cells can be hypothermically stored at refrigerated temperatures, whereas platelets are chilling sensitive and therefore cannot be stored at temperatures below 20°C. Here we give an overview of available cryopreservation and freeze-drying procedures for blood cells and discuss the effects of these procedures on cells, particularly on cellular membranes. Cryopreservation and freeze-drying may result in chemical and structural modifications of cellular membranes. Membranes undergo phase and permeability changes during freezing and drying. Cryo- and lyoprotective agents prevent membrane damage by different mechanisms. Cryoprotective agents are preferentially excluded from membrane surfaces. They decrease the activation energy for water transport during freezing and control the rate of cellular dehydration. Lyoprotectants are thought to stabilize membranes during drying by forming direct hydrogen bonding interactions with phospholipid head groups. In addition, lyoprotectants can form a glassy state at room temperature. Recently liposomes have been investigated to stabilize blood cells during freezing and freeze-drying. Liposomes modify the composition of cellular membranes by lipid and cholesterol transfer, which can stabilize or destabilize the low temperature response of cells.

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Preservation of erythrocytes in blood containing various cryoprotective agents, frozen at various rates and brought to a given final temperature

Cited by 67 publications

References 3 publications

Intracellular ice formation: cryomicroscopical observation and calorimetric measurement

Intracellular ice formation: cryomicroscopical observation and calorimetric measurement

Small molecule ice recrystallization inhibitors enable freezing of human red blood cells with reduced glycerol concentrations

Membrane Stability during Biopreservation of Blood Cells

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