Preservation of total mixed rations for dairy cows in bales wrapped with polyethylene stretch film – A commercial scale experiment

Weinberg, Z.G.; Chen, Y.; Miron, Denise dos Santos; Raviv, Y.; Nahim, E.; Bloch, A.; Yosef, Edith; Nikbahat, M.; Miron, J.

doi:10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2010.11.016

Cited by 50 publications

(50 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…These results were different from the finding of Weinberg et al (2011), who reported that the NDF loss of TMR was large, decreasing 100 g/kg during 140 days of storage. However, the starch content was lower for TMR silage than for fresh TMR, with the starch decreasing during the 3 months of storage by 2.1% and 2.4% (about 10% of the total starch) in corn-and rice-based TMR silages, respectively.…”

Section: Results and Discussion Diet Characteristics Of Tmr Silagecontrasting

confidence: 99%

Milk production, nutrient digestibility and nitrogen balance in lactating cows fed total mixed ration silages containing steam‐flaked brown rice as substitute for steam‐flaked corn, and wet food by‐products

Miyaji

Matsuyama

Hosoda

et al. 2013

Animal Science Journal

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The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of substituting brown rice grain for corn grain in total mixed ration (TMR) silage containing food by-products on the milk production, whole-tract nutrient digestibility and nitrogen balance in dairy cows. Six multiparous Holstein cows were used in a crossover design with two dietary treatments: a diet containing 30.9% steam-flaked corn (corn TMR) or 30.9% steam-flaked brown rice (rice TMR) with wet soybean curd residue and wet soy sauce cake. Dietary treatment did not affect the dry matter intake, milk yield and compositions in dairy cows. The dry matter and starch digestibility were higher, and the neutral detergent fiber digestibility was lower for rice TMR than for corn TMR. The urinary nitrogen (N) excretion as a proportion of the N intake was lower for rice TMR than for corn TMR with no dietary effect on N secretion in milk and fecal N excretion. These results indicated that the replacement of corn with brown rice in TMR silage relatively reduced urinary N loss without adverse effects on feed intake and milk production, when food by-products such as soybean curd residue were included in the TMR silage as dietary crude protein sources.

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Section: Results and Discussion Diet Characteristics Of Tmr Silagecontrasting

confidence: 99%

Milk production, nutrient digestibility and nitrogen balance in lactating cows fed total mixed ration silages containing steam‐flaked brown rice as substitute for steam‐flaked corn, and wet food by‐products

Miyaji

Matsuyama

Hosoda

et al. 2013

Animal Science Journal

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“…Hays (either short or long) were manually mixed with the concentrate mixture before feeding each cow. The wheat silage was ensiled in polyethylene-wrapped bales for 60 days before feeding (Weinberg et al, 2011) and manually mixed before feeding with 70% concentrate with or without addition of 1.5% NaHCO 3 .…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of wheat hay particle size and replacement of wheat hay with wheat silage on rumen pH, rumination and digestibility in ruminally cannulated non-lactating cows

Shaani

Nikbachat

Yosef

et al. 2017

Animal

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This study examined the effects on intake, diurnal rumen pH changes, rumination and digestibility of feeding ruminally cannulated non-lactating cows in a Latin square design (four cows × four periods) with four total mixed rations (TMRs) typical for lactating cows. TMRs were based on: long wheat hay or short wheat hay, wheat silage or wheat silage + 1.5% NaHCO 3 buffer, as the sole roughage source (30% of TMR dry matter (DM)). The level of physically effective NDF remaining above the 8 mm screen (peNDF) was similar in the long hay and silage-based TMRs (9.45% to 9.64% of DM) and lower in the short hay TMR (7.47% of DM). The four TMRs were offered individually at 95% of ad libitum intake to avoid orts within 24 h. Cows fed long hay consumed less DM than the short hay and silage groups (9.6 v. 10.5 and 10.8 kg/day, respectively) and sorted against large hay particles at 12 h post-feeding. Under the limitations of this study (non-lactating cows fed at restricted intake) short hay TMR prevented sorting within 12 h post-feeding, encouraged rumination per kg peNDF ingested, and had higher average rumen pH (6.24), whereas preventing sub acute ruminal acidosis (SARA, defined as pH < 5.8 for at least 5 h/day). In contrast, the long hay and silage-based groups were under SARA. In vitro methane production of rumen fluid was higher in the hay-fed cows than in their silage-fed counterparts, and in all treatments lower at 1 h pre-feeding than at 6 h post-feeding. In vivo DM and NDF digestibility were similar for the short hay and silage TMRs, and higher than those of the long hay TMR. Under the conditions of this study, addition of 1.5% buffer to the wheat silage TMR had no effect on intake, rumen pH, creation of SARA and digestibility.

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“…Total mixed ration silage (TMR) incorporating concentrates, by‐products and hay/silage as forage sources has been a common practice in Israel and Asian countries (Wang & Nishino, , ; Weinberg et al., ). However, TMR containing fresh forage with concentrates has not been reported in the literature.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Total mixed ration silage containing elephant grass for small‐scale dairy farms

Gusmão

Danes

Casagrande

et al. 2018

Grass and Forage Science

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Alternatives need to be addressed for reducing losses in elephant grass (EG; Pennisetum purpureum) silages. Furthermore, smallholders lack information on the nutritional aspects of dairy farms. The aim of this study was to evaluate total mixed ration silage (TMR) combining fresh EG and concentrate ingredients, creating the following treatments: (i) EG silage (control); (ii) EG, corn and soya bean meal; (iii) EG, corn, soya bean meal and molasses; (iv) EG, citrus pulp and soya bean meal; and (v) EG, citrus pulp, soya bean meal and molasses. Five replicates of each treatment were ensiled in 15‐L plastic jars. The fermentation profile, chemical composition, microbial counts and aerobic stability were assessed. Three contrasts were tested, as follows: (i) control vs. TMR; (ii) TMR with corn vs. TMR with citrus pulp; and (iii) TMR with molasses vs. TMR without molasses. Variables were analysed through the PROC MIXED procedure of the SAS at the 5% level. The TMR had better fermentation profile, lower effluent production and longer aerobic stability compared to control. When the effect of corn was compared to citrus pulp among the TMR, silages with citrus pulp showed lower fermentation losses, non‐protein nitrogen and effluent production. The aerobic stability also improved with citrus pulp. Molasses did not affect the fermentation profile. Overall, lactic acid was the primary acid in all TMR. Nitrogen source (e.g., soya bean meal) can be used without compromising the fermentation process. TMR with citrus pulp showed better results than corn. TMR may be an alternative to optimize the use of EG on smallholdings.

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Preservation of total mixed rations for dairy cows in bales wrapped with polyethylene stretch film – A commercial scale experiment

Cited by 50 publications

References 13 publications

Milk production, nutrient digestibility and nitrogen balance in lactating cows fed total mixed ration silages containing steam‐flaked brown rice as substitute for steam‐flaked corn, and wet food by‐products

Milk production, nutrient digestibility and nitrogen balance in lactating cows fed total mixed ration silages containing steam‐flaked brown rice as substitute for steam‐flaked corn, and wet food by‐products

Effect of wheat hay particle size and replacement of wheat hay with wheat silage on rumen pH, rumination and digestibility in ruminally cannulated non-lactating cows

Total mixed ration silage containing elephant grass for small‐scale dairy farms

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