“…Yet the ideal length of human gestation has been regarded as arbitrary and is oft en adjusted to meet the demands of modern society (Oshiro, Henry, Wilson, Branch, & Varner, 2009). Normal birth or spontaneous physiologic birth has been threatened by high rates of elective induction and cesarean deliveries (Broussard & Broussard, 2011). Th us far, the immediate and long-term health impact of a delivery that takes place on the cusp of prematurity (37 weeks gestation) remains largely unexplored.…”