Preserving the Knowledge of the Past Through Virtual Visits: From 3D Laser Scanning to Virtual Reality Visualisation at the Istanbul Çatalca İnceğiz Caves

Büyüksali̇h, Gürcan; Kan, Tuna; Özkan, Gözde Enç; Meriç, Müge; Isın, Lale; Kersten, Thomas P.

doi:10.1007/s41064-020-00091-3

Cited by 45 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 29 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…In particular, 3D digital models of caves are suitable tools for both scientific purposes. They can be used for geological or geomorphological observations [2], for the integration of 3D underground caves cadastral databases [3], and visualization and navigation, especially related to complex access caves, through virtual and augmented reality techniques [4]. In geomatics, several well-established methods are available for the three-dimensional survey of environments.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Survey Solutions for 3D Acquisition and Representation of Artificial and Natural Caves

et al. 2021

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

A three-dimensional survey of natural caves is often a difficult task due to the roughness of the investigated area and the problems of accessibility. Traditional adopted techniques allow a simplified acquisition of the topography of caves characterized by an oversimplification of the geometry. Nowadays, the advent of LiDAR and Structure from Motion applications eased three-dimensional surveys in different environments. In this paper, we present a comparison between other three-dimensional survey systems, namely a Terrestrial Laser Scanner, a SLAM-based portable instrument, and a commercial photo camera, to test their possible deployment in natural caves survey. We presented a comparative test carried out in a tunnel stretch to calibrate the instrumentation on a benchmark site. The choice of the site is motivated by its regular geometry and easy accessibility. According to the result obtained in the calibration site, we presented a methodology, based on the Structure from Motion approach that resulted in the best compromise among accuracy, feasibility, and cost-effectiveness, that could be adopted for the three-dimensional survey of complex natural caves using a sequence of images and the structure from motion algorithm. The methods consider two different approaches to obtain a low resolution complete three-dimensional model of the cave and ultra-detailed models of most peculiar cave morphological elements. The proposed system was tested in the Gazzano Cave (Piemonte region, Northwestern Italy). The obtained result is a three-dimensional model of the cave at low resolution due to the site’s extension and the remarkable amount of data. Additionally, a peculiar speleothem, i.e., a stalagmite, in the cave was surveyed at high resolution to test the proposed high-resolution approach on a single object. The benchmark and the cave trials allowed a better definition of the instrumentation choice for underground surveys regarding accuracy and feasibility.

show abstract

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Survey Solutions for 3D Acquisition and Representation of Artificial and Natural Caves

et al. 2021

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The showcasing of this 3D production to the general public is an aspect that we considered carefully. For this we were considering the use of virtual reality systems for the exploration of this environment, following the example of many other works [96,97]. For some years now, we have had some practice in the use of virtual reality [98,99], but because it belongs to the funerary domain, this type of site is particular and requires a pedagogical support beyond the simple illustration.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

3D Reconstruction and Geostatic Analysis of an Early Medieval Cemetery (Olonne-sur-Mer, France)

Colleter

Barreau

2021

Remote Sensing

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

A preventive excavation performed in 2018 prior to development work led to the discovery of more than 213 subjects buried from the 4th to the 11th centuries in the 1850 m2 dug area. This is a cemetery located in Olonne-sur-Mer in France (46.53723, −1.77603). The complex is limited to the south by a ditch. To the north, no limits were observed during the excavation and, to the west, ancient archaeological surveys suggest an extension of the burial area. Biological analysis of the skeletons reveals a demographic characterizing a natural community, with an under-representation of children under 5 and with subjects under 20 appearing to be grouped together in the center of the area. The place where the youngest are buried often testifies to a strategic position in Christian contexts (near church doors, under sub stillicidio gutters, etc.). Funeral practices are characterized by numerous skeletal alterations, especially in the western area of the site where their concentrations are particularly significant. These are not ossuaries but rather supernumerary bones present in the fills of graves of subjects in place or old tombs where no skeletons in place are preserved. These alterations mark the areas where burials are most frequent. The 3D reconstruction is coupled with geostatistical analyses (heatmap and Moran’s index), considering the digging of the land, the concentration of residual artefacts found in the graves, but also the biological characteristics of the sample and the funeral practices uncovered. From 2D entities generated with GIS software, the process of the elevation and sculpture of the volumes is innovative, because even if it is carried out by precise but classical computer graphics techniques, it is led by advanced taphonomical and anthropological reflections. This makes it possible to propose empty spaces, a potential gathering area for the village community and circulation paths. These elements are essential in order to go beyond the storytelling often proposed in archaeology and propose a vision based on the coherence of the observed facts. Even when the archaeological remains are only sunken (no preserved elevation), the integration of multisource archaeological data (biological anthropology, funerary, artefacts and pit size) allows relevant 3D reconstructions as a formidable tool for discussing past occupations. Three-dimensional technologies make it possible to recreate a lost environment to allow a better understanding of the site. They are didactic and help to share data between researchers and/or the public, especially when they are invisible such as the presence of empty space.

show abstract

“…Considering different levels of user involvement, they can be classified into: Immersive technologies are often used to present objects with difficult or dangerous access to the public. As example, detailed models created with laser scanning are integrated into VR environment which allows to walk inside of the caves (Büyüksalih, et al, 2020).…”

Section: The Current State Of Use Of Immersive Technologies In Virtual Realitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Integration of Complex 3d Models Into Vr Environments – Case Studies From Archaeology

Gorkovchuk

Lühmann

2021

Proceedings ARQUEOLÓGICA 2.0 - 9th International Congress &Amp; 3rd GEORES - GEOmatics and pREServation

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Recently, virtual reality technologies are increasingly being introduced into our lives. The focus of their use is shifting from the entertainment industry to design, healthcare, tourism, architecture, education and more. The advantages of virtual reality technology are especially noticeable in the field of archaeology, as many historical objects have not survived to our time, and their appearance can be reproduced only on the basis of historical sources and archaeological excavations. Most platforms for implementing virtual reality programs are based on game engines that can provide the required level of performance for VR. Such platforms show very good results for architectural objects, which often have many similar elements of simple shapes. Integrating complex objects with unique shapes is usually a problem. In this article, we consider the use of photogrammetric methods to create 3D models of historical objects and the aspects of their integration into a virtual environment based on a game engine. Specifically, aspects such as object resolution and suitable level of detail are discussed. As a case study, such a virtual environment was created for the ancient Trypillia settlement in the territory of Ukraine.

show abstract

Preserving the Knowledge of the Past Through Virtual Visits: From 3D Laser Scanning to Virtual Reality Visualisation at the Istanbul Çatalca İnceğiz Caves

Cited by 45 publications

References 29 publications

Survey Solutions for 3D Acquisition and Representation of Artificial and Natural Caves

Survey Solutions for 3D Acquisition and Representation of Artificial and Natural Caves

3D Reconstruction and Geostatic Analysis of an Early Medieval Cemetery (Olonne-sur-Mer, France)

Integration of Complex 3d Models Into Vr Environments – Case Studies From Archaeology

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About