Presettlement and modern disturbance regimes in coast redwood forests: Implications for the conservation of old-growth stands

Lorimer, Craig G.; Porter, Daniel J.; Madej, Mary Ann; Stuart, John D.; Veirs, Stephen D.; Norman, Steve; O’Hara, Kevin L.; Libby, W. J.

doi:10.1016/j.foreco.2009.07.008

Cited by 95 publications

(113 citation statements)

References 72 publications

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“…Forest restoration, or the silvicultural manipulation of second-growth stands to expedite the acquisition of old-growth forest characteristics, has emerged as a top priority for managers of forest reserves in northern coastal California [1][2][3][4]. Upland second-growth stands that emerged after the clearcutting of old-growth redwood forests are often characterized by conditions that foretell stagnation: very high tree densities, presence of non-native tree species, and suppressed stand growth and development [5][6][7].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Of equal importance are the region's riparian forests that connect upland forests with adjacent aquatic ecosystems. Riparian forest structure and composition have strong bearing on stream habitat quality [8][9][10], and they contain some of the most ecologically diverse and structurally complex vegetation of the Pacific Coast region [2,[11][12][13][14]], yet they have been substantially altered by past forest uses [10,[15][16][17].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Structure and Composition of Old-Growth and Unmanaged Second-Growth Riparian Forests at Redwood National Park, USA

Keyes

Teraoka²

2014

Forests

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Abstract:Restoration of second-growth riparian stands has become an important issue for managers of redwood (Sequoia sempervirens [D. Don] Endl.) forest reserves. Identifying differences between old-growth and second-growth forest vegetation is a necessary step in evaluating restoration needs and targets. The objective of this study was to characterize and contrast vegetation structure and composition in old-growth and unmanaged second-growth riparian forests in adjacent, geomorphologically similar watersheds at Redwood National Park. In the old-growth, redwood was the dominant overstory species in terms of stem density, basal area, and importance values. Second-growth was dominated by red alder (Alnus rubra Bong.), Douglas-fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii [Mirbel] Franco), and redwood. Understory species were similar in both forests, with several key differences: Oxalis oregana Nutt. and Trillium ovatum Pursh had greater importance values in the old-growth, and Vaccinium parvifolium Sm., Dryopteris spp. and sedges Carex spp. had greater importance values in the second-growth. Notable differences in structure and composition suggest that restoration practices such as thinning could expedite the acquisition of old-growth characteristics in second-growth riparian forests.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Structure and Composition of Old-Growth and Unmanaged Second-Growth Riparian Forests at Redwood National Park, USA

Keyes

Teraoka²

2014

Forests

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“…Forests within the region are also likely denser and more water hungry than they were historically, due to past timber harvest practices and the vacation of the historical fire regime, estimated at 6-25 yr return interval (Lorimer et al 2009). These facts make forest thinning or prescribed burning seem like possible approaches to streamflow enhancement.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spatial and Temporal Variability in Baseflow in the Mattole River Headwaters, California, USA

Queener¹,

Stubblefield

2016

Preprint

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Abstract.Increases in human population, water use, and climate change have the potential to increase water stress and scarcity particularly in ecosystems with pronounced seasonality in precipitation, yet our understanding of the landscape features that control baseflows remains limited. Repeated synoptic measurements of streamflow in small streams (basin area 10 . Unit-area yields varied widely, and this variation increased as flows declined at most sites. In nested basins, downstream declines in both discharge and unit-area yield were common. Basins with greater summer flow and a slower baseflow 15 recession had steeper slopes, higher elevations, less flat ground and narrower valleys, more dissected and strongly convergent topography, and more precipitation. The difference in water yield among basins was much greater than the difference in precipitation, likely resulting from varying basin water inputs, storage capacity, and routing. The positive correlation between basin steepness and flow is attributable to the thickness of the weathered bedrock layer in water storage, and more rapid bedrock weathering in steeper basins with higher rates of uplift resulting in greater basin storage capacity. 20Results show that basins in a small geographic area (<85 km 2 ) and with fairly similar geology, vegetation, and topography may generate widely differing baseflow. Streams with naturally low baseflows are particularly susceptible to water diversion. Low-gradient streams essential for coho salmon rearing may be particularly susceptible to climate change or water diversions that reduce streamflow. 25

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“…The redwood ecoregion has been identified by the World Wildlife Fund as being in the highest conservation priority class among ecoregions in the U.S. based on biological uniqueness, conservation status, and impending threats (Ricketts, 1999;Noss, 2000). The redwood region generally has mild cool rainy winters and dry summers with mean daily minimum temperatures in January ranging from 0.4-7 °C and mean daily maximums in July range from 14-30 °C (Lorimer et al, 2009). Temperatures seldom rise above 38 °C or drop below -9 °C.…”

Section: The Coast Redwoodmentioning

confidence: 99%

Managed Migration of Coast Redwoods: Subjectivity of Stakeholders in Oregon’s Land Use Planning Community

Jenkins¹,

Jenkins²

2017

ENRR

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The Earth's climate is changing at a faster pace than the slow natural adjustment rates of most species to their rapidly shifting habitat conditions, especially for long-lived tree species, such as the iconic coast redwood Sequoia sempersqvirens. This may leave some species stranded in less than optimal environments, resulting in population extinctions and/or the need for human-assisted migration. However, the implementation of assisted migration does not come without economic, legal, political, ecological, and ethical issues. One of the most important and complex social questions regarding assisted migration is that of the land use planning community in the area being considered. This article explores the subjective beliefs among these stakeholders regarding managed migration of coast redwood trees into suitable habitats in Oregon. Q-methodology was used to structure the complexity of participants' subjective beliefs into a few manageable themes to reveal broader socio-economic and environmental perspectives and shared ways of perceiving and valuing the relationship between social, economic, and environmental concerns. The findings of this study suggest two main factors 1) positively ranked values that align on new perspectives of utilitarian ecological values, and 2) positively ranked values that align on a land based communitarian perspective. This convergence suggests an ecologically aware land management ethos as opposed to the view of favoring human's dominion over nature, and therefore bolsters the potential for the future success of managed migration of coast redwoods into suitable habitats in Oregon given the state's existing land use policy.

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Presettlement and modern disturbance regimes in coast redwood forests: Implications for the conservation of old-growth stands

Cited by 95 publications

References 72 publications

Structure and Composition of Old-Growth and Unmanaged Second-Growth Riparian Forests at Redwood National Park, USA

Structure and Composition of Old-Growth and Unmanaged Second-Growth Riparian Forests at Redwood National Park, USA

Spatial and Temporal Variability in Baseflow in the Mattole River Headwaters, California, USA

Managed Migration of Coast Redwoods: Subjectivity of Stakeholders in Oregon’s Land Use Planning Community

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