Pressure control strategy to extend the loading range of an alkaline electrolysis system

Qi, Ruomei; Gao, Xiaoping; Lin, Jin; Song, Yonghua; Wang, Jiepeng; Qiu, Yiwei; Liu, Min

doi:10.1016/j.ijhydene.2021.08.069

Cited by 64 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…The process of the alkaline electrolysis system studied in this paper is shown in Fig. 1(a), which has the same structure as [28,29]. The corresponding energy flow diagram is shown in Fig.…”

Section: Thermal Management Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Thermal Modelling and Controller Design of an Alkaline Electrolysis System under Dynamic Operating Conditions

Qi¹,

Li²,

Lin³

et al. 2022

Preprint

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Thermal management is vital for the efficient and safe operation of alkaline electrolysis systems. Traditional alkaline electrolysis systems use simple proportional-integral-differentiation (PID) controllers to maintain the stack temperature near the rated value. However, in renewable-to-hydrogen scenarios, the stack temperature is disturbed by load fluctuations, and the temperature overshoot phenomenon occurs which can exceed the upper limit and harm the stack. This paper focuses on the thermal modelling and controller design of an alkaline electrolysis system under dynamic operating conditions. A control-oriented thermal model is established in the form of a third-order time-delay process, which is used for simulation and controller design. Based on this model, we propose two novel controllers to reduce temperature overshoot: one is a current feed-forward PID controller (PID-I), the other is a model predictive controller (MPC). Their performances are tested on a labscale system and the experimental results are satisfying: the temperature * These authors contributed equally.

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Section: Thermal Management Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Thermal Modelling and Controller Design of an Alkaline Electrolysis System under Dynamic Operating Conditions

Qi¹,

Li²,

Lin³

et al. 2022

Preprint

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The hydrogen systems typically consist of electrolyzers, hydrogen tanks, and fuel cells [17]. The modeling [16] and control strategy [17]- [19] of these components affect the operation of the hydrogen systems. In [16], the modeling and simulation of alkaline electrolyzers are studied, considering the electrothermal characteristics.…”

Section: A Hydrogen Modeling and Controlmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Linear parameter-varying methods are adopted to achieve fast control. In [19], a pressure control strategy for alkaline electrolysis is proposed to expand the loading range of alkaline electrolyzers. The proposed operation curve tracking controllers and model predictive controllers can reduce the minimum load to 10.5% and 10%, respectively.…”

Section: A Hydrogen Modeling and Controlmentioning

confidence: 99%

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On the Integration of Hydrogen Into Integrated Energy Systems: Modeling, Optimal Operation, and Reliability Assessment

Wang

Yue

2022

IEEE Open J. Power Energy

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The proliferation of renewable energy (RE) brings tremendous challenges to integrated energy systems (IESs). Converting RE into hydrogen, one of the cleanest energy carriers, provides an appealing alternative for decarbonized IESs. Among the various hydrogen applications, blending hydrogen into natural gas systems is already applicable. However, the disparate hydrogen physical properties trigger concerns about hydrogen integration. This paper investigates the integration of hydrogen into the IESs, focusing on blending hydrogen into natural gas systems. The literature on hydrogen modeling, control, operation, planning, and markets are first reviewed. Based on the convex combination methods, a power-to-hydrogen-heat-methane (P2HHM) model with unit commitment is proposed. The steadystate and dynamic gas flow models with the explicit consideration of hydrogen effects are then proposed. Two applications are given based on the proposed hydrogen modeling. A Wasserstein metricbased distributionally robust optimal operation model is proposed first based on the developed P2HHM and gas flow models. Then a sequential Monte Carlo simulation-based reliability assessment model is formulated to analyze the effects of hydrogen physical properties and hydrogen fractions on the optimal operation and reliability of the IESs. Numerical simulations are conducted to analyze the integration of hydrogen and verify the effectiveness of the proposed model.

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“…Anion exchange membrane [31][32] and other novel diaphragm structures are developed to prevent the crossover through the diaphragm by gas diffusion. Based on the same goal, Qi et al propose a pressure control strategy to extend the load range of AWEs 33 . On the other hand, C.Schug regulates the electrolyte circulation rate adaptively to reduce the crossover by the circulated electrolyte mixing 34 .…”

Section: ℃ ℃mentioning

confidence: 99%

Operation Range Enhancement for Alkaline Electrolysers Driven by Renewable Energy Sources

Xia

Wei

2022

Preprint

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Low-cost and mature alkaline water electrolysis is suitable for large-scale hydrogen production from renewable energy sources (RESs). However, the poor low-load performance of alkaline water electrolysers (AWEs) makes it difficult to follow fluctuant RESs in full range. For low-load AWEs, existing researches only pay attention to the impurity problem and its solutions, but here, we find other two urgent problems to be solved, namely inefficiency and inconsistency. Through the detailed operation process analysis of AWEs and the established equivalent electrical model, the inefficiency and inconsistency mechanisms of low-load AWEs are revealed. Furthermore, an overcurrent pulse-width modulation method is proposed to enhance the efficiency and consistency of AWEs. Especially, compared to the conventional dc power supply, 1) the maximum efficiency improvement can exceed two times, 2) the operation range can be extended to 10% of rated load. The proposed method just changes the power supply, it can be easily generalized and can facilitate the hydrogen production from RESs.

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Pressure control strategy to extend the loading range of an alkaline electrolysis system

Cited by 64 publications

References 30 publications

Thermal Modelling and Controller Design of an Alkaline Electrolysis System under Dynamic Operating Conditions

Thermal Modelling and Controller Design of an Alkaline Electrolysis System under Dynamic Operating Conditions

On the Integration of Hydrogen Into Integrated Energy Systems: Modeling, Optimal Operation, and Reliability Assessment

Operation Range Enhancement for Alkaline Electrolysers Driven by Renewable Energy Sources

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