Pressure leaching of reduced ilmenite: electrochemical aspects

Jayasekera, S.; Marinovich, Y.; Avraamides, J.; Bailey, Stuart

doi:10.1016/0304-386x(95)00029-g

Cited by 27 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…Hydrometallurgical methods, which include leaching of ilmenite with hydrochloric acid (Lanyon et al, 1999;Ogasawara et al, 2000;Lasheen, 2005) or sulfuric acid both under atmospheric or pressure leaching conditions to dissolve iron in order to obtain synthetic rutile or titanium dioxide pigment (Kataoka and Yamada, 1973;Kulling et al, 1979;Toromanoff and Habashi, 1985;Jayasekera et al, 1995;Charnet, 1999).…”

Section: (B)mentioning

confidence: 99%

An electrochemical study of the reduction and dissolution of ilmenite in sulfuric acid solutions

Zhang

Nicol

2009

Hydrometallurgy

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Electrochemical techniques have been used to investigate the reduction and dissolution of two different ilmenite samples in 450 g L -1 sulfuric acid solutions at elevated temperatures. The results have shown that the dissolution rate of ilmenite (FeTiO 3 ) is low at potentials above about 0.3 V at which potentials the dissolution of ilmenite and the reduction of hematite (if present in the ilmenite sample) are the main reactions. At more negative potentials the dissolution of ilmenite increases simultaneously with reduction of ilmenite to trivalent titanium. These observations are consistent with those predicted from thermodynamic data. Hematite has a higher dissolution rate under reductive conditions than ilmenite. Studies of the effect of temperature on the dissolution of ilmenite at low potentials such as 0 V have shown that in the temperature range of 65-95 o C, the activation energy is about 50 kJ mol -1 and this together with the high ratio of the charge passed to metals dissolved suggests that the rate of the non-reductive dissolution reaction is not significant under these conditions.

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Section: (B)mentioning

confidence: 99%

An electrochemical study of the reduction and dissolution of ilmenite in sulfuric acid solutions

Zhang

Nicol

2009

Hydrometallurgy

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“…Jayasekera and co-workers [129,130] investigated the anodic dissolution of iron and cathodic reduction of oxygen in ammonium chloride solutions over the temperature range 30 ± 150 8C and at a total pressure up to 780 kPa using the rotating disk electrode technique. The industrial importance of this reaction is in the production of synthetic rutile via the Becher Process which involves the high temperature reduction of ilmenite followed by the forced corrosion of metallic iron from the reduced ilmenite matrix.…”

Section: Voltammetry At High Temperatures and High Pressuresmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electrochemistry at High Pressures: A Review

2004

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High pressure electrochemical studies are potentially dangerous and less immediately implemented than conventional investigations. Technical obstacles related to properties of the working electrode material, preparation of its surface, availability of suitable reference electrodes, and the need for specially designed high pressure equipment and cells may account for the relative lack of experimental data on electrochemistry at high pressures. However, despite the stringent requirements for system and equipment stability, significant developments have been made in recent years and the combination of electrochemical methods with high hydrostatic pressure has provided useful insights into the thermodynamics, kinetics, and other physico-chemical characteristics of a wide range of redox reactions. In addition to fundamental information, high pressure electrochemistry has also lead to a better understanding of a variety of processes under non-classical conditions with potential applications in today×s industrial environment from extraction and electrosynthesis in supercritical fluids to measurement of the pH at the bottom of the ocean. The purpose of this article is to detail the experimental pressurizing apparatus for electroanalytical measurements at high pressures and to review the relevant literature on the effect of pressure on electrode processes and on the properties of aqueous electrolyte solutions.

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“…Despite significant effort in the past several decades devoted to the identification of the key parameters that limit the leaching kinetics, except for very few reported results [25,66,67], the majority are limited to temperatures below 90 • C. According to recent reviews of high temperature and high pressure (HTHP) electrochemical studies [68,69], HTHP electrochemistry remains a relatively unexplored field of research and the relative lack of experimental data is ascribed to the various technical obstacles, although in recent years significant developments have been made. As to HTHP mineral electrochemistry, very few reports are available [70]. In the following sections, the reduction kinetics of the ferric ion on chalcopyrite at 110 • C and 150 • C will be discussed.…”

Section: Cpc Results At 110 • Cmentioning

confidence: 99%