Pressure of Neon, Argon, and Xenon Bubbles in Aluminum

Fluxon pinning in niobium films

“…The noble gas contained in the films can be expected to condense, at least partly, into "bubbles" (in fact monocrystals) having typical dimensions of a few nm, as suggested by data obtained with implanted ions [8][9][10][11][12]. Such "bubbles" are expected to be efficient pinning centres and have been studied as such in various amorphous films such as Nb 3 Ge and Mo 3 Si [13][14][15][16].…”

“…It was instead proposed in Reference [1] that pinning should provide the dominant contribution to R fl . In particular the possibility that the noble gas used in the sputtering discharge could condense into bubbles, as it is known to do under slightly different experimental conditions [8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16], was considered as a possible source of efficient pinning [17].…”

XAS of high pressure Xe clusters in amorphous carbon and computational simulation for the fcc and hcp xenon crystalline phases

“…The xenon lattice constant depends on the chemical nature of the host matrix, once different elements can exerts different pressures on the implanted elements. It has been observed a variation of stress form about few tenths of GPa to ∼6 GPa [7][8][9][10].…”

“…There are many works on the study of xenon incorporation in solid crystalline metals or semiconductors by ion implantation [6][7][8][9][10]. It has been observed that when xenon is implanted at room temperature with energies in the range of about 200 to 400KeV it agglomerates in form of solid crystalline clusters when a concentration of about 4% xenon is reached.…”

Precipitation study in thin layers by grazing small-angle scattering of X-rays

“…In two independent studies in the year 1984 (Vam Felde et al [4], Templier et al [ S ] ) three-dimensional precipitates of solid xenon have been observed after implantation of the ion into aluminium. The solid inert-gas had a fcc epitaxial structure with the host matrix.…”