Pressure response and droplet ejection of a piezoelectric inkjet printhead

Effects of actuating waveform, ink property, and nozzle size on piezoelectrically driven inkjet droplets

“…Both B d and V d increase approximately linearly with increasing u pp . This trend is consistent with the results reported by the previous study (Chen et al 1999). The reason for the trend is that the higher the driving voltage amplitude is, the larger the PZT membrane displacement u max , and, in turn, the higher the pressurization of the ink ejecting chamber (or the larger the push force with which ink droplets are ejected) to form a droplet with higher inertia.…”

“…Available commercial inkjet technologies in terms of actuating mechanisms can be currently distinguished into electrostatic (Meinhart and Zhang 2000), thermal (Asai et al 1987(Asai et al , 1988Asai 1992;Chen et al 1998;Tseng et al 2002;Sen and Darabi 2007), acoustic (Elrod et al 1997), and piezoelectric inkjet (PIJ) printheads (Bogy and Talke 1984;Fromn 1984;Shield et al 1987;Chen et al 1999Chen et al , 2002Yeh 2001;Wu et al 2004;Liou et al 2008). Among them PIJ technique has advantages such as superb in the control of droplet volume, more flexible in the ink compatibility, and higher range in the operation frequency.…”

“…The velocity history was specified at the nozzle exit as the driving boundary condition (BC). Chen et al (1999) set up a flow visualization system to observe the ink droplet ejection process of a push-mode PIJ printhead driven by triangular pulses. Numerical simulation of the pressure response in the ink firing chamber and the ejected ink velocity was performed by solving the 1-D wave equation and simplifying the PIJ printhead as a circular pipe followed by a convergent nozzle.…”

Modelling of additive manufacturing processes: a review and classification

“…Namely, [104][105][106]111,121,143,[146][147][148][149][150][151][152][153] in which numerical approaches have been used, whereas in [154] empirical and in [145] analytical ones have been used. In [17][18][19]121,143] issues of topology have been addressed by means of the numerical methods and in [144] the effects of various process parameters on the mechanical properties of Table 11.…”

“…Process parameter (Variable) [156] Surface roughness Layer thickness, orientation angle [157] Surface roughness Layer thickness, roller temperature, roller speed, platform retract [158] Surface roughness Layer thickness, heated roller temperature, heated roller speed, platform retract [159] Organic content Effective diffusivity, diffusion path length, distance from core [160] Thermochemical modelling Roller temperature, velocity, indentation [161] Tensile strength Layer thickness, heater temperature, platform retract, heater speed, laser speed, feeder speed, platform speed [162] Build time [163] Build time Cross-hatching of extraneous material [164] Temperature profile Roller temperature, roller speed, chamber air temperature, base plate temperature, and laser cutting time [165] Thermal modelling Roller temperature, roller speed, chamber air temperature, base plate temperature, and laser cutting time [143] Deformation behavior of droplets Impact angle [144] Stiffness Spatial orientation of reinforcement in randomly oriented multi material [145] Pressure, axial velocity histories [104] Fingering and splashing of the droplet Droplet velocity [105] Desired shape after impact Initial droplet shape [106] Microstructure, temperature field Number of layers, layer height, wire feed rate, travel speed, heat input [111] Spreading and evaporation Droplet material [147] Droplet volume, temperature, and pressure Heating pulse conditions [148] Pressure rise, ink injection length, droplet weight Electric pulse shape and voltage [149] Vapor blanket height between the evaporating droplet, substrate, formation of vapor bubbles Temperature [150] Drop formation, ejection, spread and flow of ceramic inks in micro-channels Solid loading concentrations of alumina/zirconia powder in ceramic inks [151] Pressure propagation in the bubble [152] Magnitude of the circular thin film of the incoming droplets Impact velocity [153] Droplet morphology, break-up time, flying distance, droplet volume [154] Droplet volume, droplet velocity Driving time, driving volume in the pressure chamber, volume factor [155] Droplet fluid dynamics and heat transfer related parts...…”