Pressure-temperature evolution during two granulite-facies metamorphic events (2.62 and 2.02 Ga) in rocks from the Central Zone of the Limpopo Belt, South Africa

Brandt, Sönke; Klemd, Reiner; Li, Qiuli; Kröner, Alfred; Brandl, G.; Fischer, Andreas; Bobek, Patrick; Zhou, Tianshou

doi:10.1016/j.precamres.2018.03.002

Cited by 39 publications

(3 citation statements)

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“…From the South African and Zimbabwean sides, a 2.02 Ga regional high‐grade metamorphism was reported from the BBC (Brandt et al, 2018; Hisada, Perchuk, Gerya, van Reenen, & Paya, 2005; Kröner, Brandl, Brandt, Klemd, & Xie, 2018; van Reenen et al, 2004; Zeh et al, 2004). Zeh et al (2004) interpreted the prograde P – T path as representing contemporaneous burial and heating, initiated by the collision between the Kaapvaal and Zimbabwe Cratons during the Palaeoproterozoic Era at ~2.0 Ga.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Petrology and geochronology of sapphirine‐bearing granulites from the Limpopo Complex in eastern Botswana: Implications for Palaeoproterozoic long‐lived high‐pressure/ultrahigh‐temperature metamorphism and rapid exhumation

2022

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The Limpopo Complex in southern Africa is a classic example of Neoarchean collisional orogens with a Palaeoproterozoic thermal overprint. We report new petrological, pressure–temperature (P–T), and geochronological data of sapphirine‐bearing Mg–Al‐rich and pelitic granulites from a metasupracrustal unit (the Beit Bridge Complex [BBC]) in the eastern part of Botswana to constrain its P–T–time evolution. Textural observations and phase equilibria modelling of the peak mineral assemblage of Mg–Al‐rich granulites (K‐feldspar + orthopyroxene [Opx2; Al2O3 up to 8.8 wt.%] + sillimanite [Sil2] + quartz + rutile + biotite [Bt2] + inferred melt) in the NCKFMASHTO system recorded a peak metamorphic condition of >930°C and > 10.3 kbar. A pelitic granulite recorded consistent P–T conditions of 960–980°C and > 10.3 kbar, indicating high‐pressure (HP) and ultrahigh‐temperature (UHT) metamorphism for the BBC in Botswana. Post‐peak retrograde conditions were obtained based on the stability of sapphirine + cordierite symplectite assemblage in the Mg–Al‐rich rocks (820–860°C and 6.4–7.0 kbar) and orthopyroxene [Opx3] + cordierite symplectite assemblage in the pelitic granulite (830–930°C and 4.3–5.8 kbar), indicating near‐isothermal decompression after the peak HP–UHT metamorphism along a clockwise P–T path. Similar HP–UHT metamorphism followed by a near‐isothermal decompression along a clockwise P–T path was reported from different regions of the BBC in South Africa and Zimbabwe (P > 14 kbar and ~1,000°C based on the stability fields of magnesian staurolite and sapphirine + quartz assemblage), although the peak P–T condition is slightly lower in Botswana. Monazite grains with patchy zoning show isochron ages of 2,115 ± 77 Ma for Th‐poor domains, and 2,058 ± 40 Ma and 2,033 ± 34 Ma for Th‐rich domains. Similar ages were obtained from zircon U–Pb geochronology as 2,232–2,135 Ma and 2,010 ± 19 Ma (Th/U = 0.05–0.26). The younger ages (2.0 Ga) probably indicate the timing of near‐peak high‐grade event, while the older ages might indicate a thermal event during the prograde heating stage. The P–T conditions and zircon/monazite ages suggest Palaeoproterozoic long‐lived metamorphism associated with intracontinental transpressional tectonics related to Palaeoproterozoic orogenic events around the united Zimbabwe–Kaapvaal Craton.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Petrology and geochronology of sapphirine‐bearing granulites from the Limpopo Complex in eastern Botswana: Implications for Palaeoproterozoic long‐lived high‐pressure/ultrahigh‐temperature metamorphism and rapid exhumation

2022

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“…The granulite facies metamorphic event was followed by a phase of active post‐collisional magmatism (Laurent et al, 2014) and a possible succession of discrete lower‐grade metamorphic events focussed on the extended network of shear zones in the SMZ (e.g. Belyanin et al, 2014; Brandt et al, 2018), which culminated in a fluid‐assisted retrograde amphibolite facies metamorphic event at ca. 2100 Ma (Madlakana et al, 2020).…”

Section: Previous Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

Duration of partial melting in the lower crust of the Limpopo collisional belt

et al. 2023

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In convergent settings, the duration of partial melting in the lower continental crust dictates how lateral shortening is accommodated by the colliding plates. Here we use the example of the ca. 2700 Ma Southern Marginal Zone of the Limpopo Belt, South Africa, to accurately time the different steps of the granulite facies metamorphic event. We date garnet crystallisation in K‐poor leucosomes using Sm–Nd garnet isotopic data to have occurred at 2734 ± 9 Ma. Following deposition of the protolith and rapid burial, the crust remained molten for 17 ± 14 Ma. This estimate is within error similar to the 24 ± 12 Ma proposed for rocks that have evolved along a Barrovian P–T path. Our results suggest that the Southern Marginal Zone is the result of a collision between a large island arc or a continent with the Kaapvaal Craton, at a time global of geodynamic changes.

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“…3.2 Ga and 2.7-2.6 Ga felsic plutons modified by ductile folding, granulite-amphibolite facies metamorphism, and anatexis at 2.7-2.6 Ga and ca. 2.0 Ga (e.g., Brandt et al, 2018;Kramers & Mouri, 2011;Kröner et al, 2018;Yin et al, 2020), which were folded by north-south compression at ca. 1.97-1.88 Ga (Yin et al, 2020).…”

Section: Implications For Paleoproterozoic Supercontinent Reconstructionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Punctuated Orogeny During the Assembly of Asia: Tectonostratigraphic Evolution of the North China Craton and the Qilian Shan From the Paleoproterozoic to Early Paleozoic

Zuza

Yin

et al. 2021

Tectonics

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Asian and the Tethyan oceanic domains are separated by the Tarim and North China cratons whose geologic histories are critical for deciphering the interactions of the two orogenic systems to the north and south. A major obstacle for establishing the geologic history of Tarim and North China cratons is that the two tectonic entities are currently bounded by Cenozoic structures along the southern margin of the Tian Shan and the northern margin of the Tibetan plateau (Figure 1). These structures have either reactivated or strongly modified the earlier tectonic configurations of the region (e.g., Yin & Nie, 1996). For example, Cenozoic structures that bound the southern margin of Tarim and North China cratons overprinted Mesozoic extensional basins (X.

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Pressure-temperature evolution during two granulite-facies metamorphic events (2.62 and 2.02 Ga) in rocks from the Central Zone of the Limpopo Belt, South Africa

Cited by 39 publications

References 105 publications

Petrology and geochronology of sapphirine‐bearing granulites from the Limpopo Complex in eastern Botswana: Implications for Palaeoproterozoic long‐lived high‐pressure/ultrahigh‐temperature metamorphism and rapid exhumation

Petrology and geochronology of sapphirine‐bearing granulites from the Limpopo Complex in eastern Botswana: Implications for Palaeoproterozoic long‐lived high‐pressure/ultrahigh‐temperature metamorphism and rapid exhumation

Duration of partial melting in the lower crust of the Limpopo collisional belt

Punctuated Orogeny During the Assembly of Asia: Tectonostratigraphic Evolution of the North China Craton and the Qilian Shan From the Paleoproterozoic to Early Paleozoic

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Pressure-temperature evolution during two granulite-facies metamorphic events (2.62 and 2.02 Ga) in rocks from the Central Zone of the Limpopo Belt, South Africa

Cited by 39 publications

References 105 publications

Petrology and geochronology of sapphirine‐bearing granulites from the Limpopo Complex in eastern Botswana: Implications for Palaeoproterozoic long‐lived high‐pressure/ultrahigh‐temperature metamorphism and rapid exhumation

Petrology and geochronology of sapphirine‐bearing granulites from the Limpopo Complex in eastern Botswana: Implications for Palaeoproterozoic long‐lived high‐pressure/ultrahigh‐temperature metamorphism and rapid exhumation

Duration of partial melting in the lower crust of the Limpopo collisional belt

Punctuated Orogeny During the Assembly of Asia: Tectonostratigraphic Evolution of the North China Craton and the Qilian Shan From the Paleoproterozoic to Early Paleozoic

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Pressure-temperature evolution during two granulite-facies metamorphic events (2.62 and 2.02 Ga) in rocks from the Central Zone of the Limpopo Belt, South Africa