Pressureless sintering of chromium diboride using spark plasma sintering facility

Sairam, K.; Sonber, J.K.; Murthy, T.S.R.Ch.; Sahu, Ashok Kumar; Bedse, R.D.; Chakravartty, J.K.

doi:10.1016/j.ijrmhm.2016.05.002

Cited by 14 publications

(5 citation statements)

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“…These properties make UHTC metal diboride materials suitable for extreme conditions, with applications such as high-temperature electrodes, coatings in cutting tools, neutron absorption in nuclear reactors, armor, and components for hypersonic flight and atmospheric reentry vehicles. ,, However, these ceramic materials have been mostly limited to uses as rigid structures. Furthermore, processing of metal diborides usually requires methods such as high-temperature sintering and pressing, sintering with various additives, , and spark plasma sintering, , but the densification of UHTC metal diborides, which is required for aerospace and nuclear applications, is difficult due to their high melting temperatures . Thus, new methods of processing for metal diborides have the potential to greatly expand the range of applications for these materials, enabling their exceptional properties to be fully exploited.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…1,7,20 However, these ceramic materials have been mostly limited to uses as rigid structures. Furthermore, processing of the metal diborides usually require methods such as high temperature sintering and pressing, 21 sintering with various additives, 22,23 and spark plasma sintering, 24,25 but the densification of the UHTC metal diborides, which is required for aerospace and nuclear applications, is difficult due to their high melting temperatures. 21 Thus, new methods of processing the metal diborides have the potential to greatly expand the range of applications for these materials, enabling their exceptional properties to be fully exploited.…”

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Exfoliation of Quasi-Two-Dimensional Nanosheets of Metal Diborides

et al. 2021

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The metal diborides are a class of ceramic materials with crystal structures consisting of hexagonal sheets of boron atoms alternating with planes of metal atoms held together with mixed character ionic/covalent bonds. Many of the metal diborides are ultrahigh temperature ceramics like HfB2, TaB2, and ZrB2, which have melting points above 3000ºC, high mechanical hardness and strength at high temperatures, and high chemical resistance, while MgB2 is a superconductor with a transition temperature of 39 K. Here we demonstrate that this diverse family of non-van der Waals materials can be processed into stable dispersions of two-dimensional (2D) nanosheets using ultrasonication-assisted exfoliation. We generate 2D nanosheets of the metal diborides AlB2, CrB2, HfB2, MgB2, NbB2, TaB2, TiB2, and ZrB2, and use electron and scanning probe microscopies to characterize their structures, morphologies, and compositions. The exfoliated layers span up to micrometers in lateral dimension and reach thicknesses down to 2-3 nm, while retaining their hexagonal atomic structure and chemical composition. We exploit the convenient solution-phase dispersions of exfoliated CrB2 nanosheets to incorporate them directly into polymer composites. In contrast to the hard and brittle bulk CrB2, we find that CrB2 nanocomposites remain very flexible and simultaneously provide increases in the elastic modulus and the ultimate tensile strength of the polymer. The successful liquid-phase production of 2D metal diborides enables their processing using scalable low-temperature solution-phase methods, extending their use to previously unexplored applications, and reveals a new family of non-van der Waals materials that can be efficiently exfoliated into 2D forms.The metal diborides are a family of ceramic compounds with the general formula MB2, where M can be a variety of metals from Groups II, IVB and VB such as Hf, Cr, Ti, Zr, Mg, etc.The most common crystal structure for these materials is the AlB2 type, belonging to the P6/mmm space group symmetry, which has the boron atoms in covalently bound hexagonal sheets separated by layers of close-packed metal atoms, 1 as shown in Figure 1a. The interactions between the

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Exfoliation of Quasi-Two-Dimensional Nanosheets of Metal Diborides

et al. 2021

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“…Boron carbide (B 4 C) has also many excellent properties, for example, high hardness, good thermal stability, excellent wear resistance, and high-temperature oxidation resistance, as shown in Table 1. [6][7][8][9][10][11] In previous studies, B 4 C-CrB 2 dense composites have been prepared at higher than 2300 K for a soaking time more than 1 h by hot pressing (HP), 2,[12][13][14] pressureless sintering (PS), [15][16][17] and reactive PS 18 due to their strong covalent bonds and low diffusivity. However, high sintering temperatures can cause abnormal grain growth and microcracks, 19 reducing the mechanical properties of the composites.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…As the brittleness, medium fracture toughness, and poor sintering property restrict the widespread use of monolithic CrB 2 in engineering applications, sintering additives are detrimental to overcome this problem. Boron carbide (B 4 C) has also many excellent properties, for example, high hardness, good thermal stability, excellent wear resistance, and high‐temperature oxidation resistance, as shown in Table 1 6–11 . In previous studies, B 4 C–CrB 2 dense composites have been prepared at higher than 2300 K for a soaking time more than 1 h by hot pressing (HP), 2,12–14 pressureless sintering (PS), 15–17 and reactive PS 18 due to their strong covalent bonds and low diffusivity.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mechanical properties of B₄C–CrB₂ binary eutectic composites prepared by arc‐melting

Jia

et al. 2023

Int J Applied Ceramic Tech

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B 4 C-CrB 2 composites were prepared by arc-melting using B 4 C and CrB 2 powders as raw materials. The eutectic composition of B 4 C-CrB 2 system was 30B 4 C-70CrB 2 (mol%) with a labyrinth-like irregularly layered eutectic microstructure, composed of B 4 C phase about 1-2 μm in thickness dispersing in CrB 2 matrix, much smaller than raw powders. The interface of the eutectic composite was well bonded, and there were edge dislocations at the interface to alleviate the interface mismatch. The eutectic temperature of B 4 C-CrB 2 composites was approximately 2200 K. At the eutectic composition, the B 4 C-CrB 2 composites showed the maximum Vickers hardness (24.6 GPa) and fracture toughness (4.3 MPa m 1/2 ) at room temperature.

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“…By using this method, single-phase FeAl powders can be obtained at 800°C for the reason that electric current can be heated rapidly and uniformly distributed in the whole volume of the powder sample. rough coupling the combined aspect of conventional pressureless sintering with fast heating, Sairam et al synthesized about 90% density of CrB 2 at 1900°C to 2000°C by multistep PL-SPS [24]. To the best of our knowledge, however, the synthesis of MAX by PL-SPS has not been reported yet.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synthesis of Ti₂SnC under Optimized Experimental Parameters of Pressureless Spark Plasma Sintering Assisted by Al Addition

Wang

et al. 2018

Advances in Materials Science and Engineering

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As an effective and novel rapid sintering technology with the advantages of fast heating speed and short sintering time, SPS has been applied to the research and development of various materials. After sintering at 1325°C, Ti5Sn3and Sn occurred as impurities accompanying the synthesis of Ti2SnC with a raw powder mixture of Ti/Sn/C = 2/1/1 (molar ratio). But by addition of 0.2 molar Al, and further optimization of sintering parameters at 1400°C for 10 min, almost fully pure Ti2SnC was obtained with a clear layered microstructure. The reaction mechanism analysis suggests that this beneficial effect of Al could be attributed to the suppression of decomposition of Ti2SnC by formation of Ti2SnxAl1−xC solid solution at a high sintering temperature. The present study reports a novel route to synthesize Ti2SnC by PL-SPS with a self-designed graphite die, and Al was also proposed as a sintering aid to remove impurities.

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Pressureless sintering of chromium diboride using spark plasma sintering facility

Cited by 14 publications

References 21 publications

Exfoliation of Quasi-Two-Dimensional Nanosheets of Metal Diborides

Exfoliation of Quasi-Two-Dimensional Nanosheets of Metal Diborides

Mechanical properties of B₄C–CrB₂ binary eutectic composites prepared by arc‐melting

Synthesis of Ti₂SnC under Optimized Experimental Parameters of Pressureless Spark Plasma Sintering Assisted by Al Addition

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Pressureless sintering of chromium diboride using spark plasma sintering facility

Cited by 14 publications

References 21 publications

Exfoliation of Quasi-Two-Dimensional Nanosheets of Metal Diborides

Exfoliation of Quasi-Two-Dimensional Nanosheets of Metal Diborides

Mechanical properties of B4C–CrB2 binary eutectic composites prepared by arc‐melting

Synthesis of Ti2SnC under Optimized Experimental Parameters of Pressureless Spark Plasma Sintering Assisted by Al Addition

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Mechanical properties of B₄C–CrB₂ binary eutectic composites prepared by arc‐melting

Synthesis of Ti₂SnC under Optimized Experimental Parameters of Pressureless Spark Plasma Sintering Assisted by Al Addition