Presumptive Case of Ciguatera Fish Poisoning in Mangalore, India

Rajeish, Moger; Shekar, Malathi; Madhushree, Hoovinahalli Nataraju; Venugopal, M. N.

doi:10.18520/cs/v111/i9/1543-1547

Cited by 10 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…The symptomatology in the hospitalised patients corroborated with earlier reports of ciguatera fish poisoning (Rajeish et al, 2016) with typical clinical signs like gastrointestinal, neurological and cardiovascular symptoms. All six patients (one male and five females) were admitted with CFP symptoms of vomiting, diarrhoea, paraesthesia of upper limbs and lower limbs.…”

Section: Notesupporting

confidence: 86%

Incidence of Ciguatoxin fish poisoning in Trivandrum, India

Rajisha

Kishore²,

Panda³

et al. 2017

Indian J. Fish.

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Ciguatoxin (CTX) is a visibly unidentifiable, colourless, odourless, heat stable and lipid soluble polyether marine biotoxin associated with human illness. Marine dinoflagellates under the genus Gambierdiscus are responsible for producingciguatoxins (CTX). The ciguatoxin gets accumulated in herbivorous fishes, gets biotransformed in carnivorous fishes and finally reach fish consumers. In January 2016, individuals who consumed red snapper in Trivandrum, Kerala, India weresuspected to be intoxicated with ciguatera based on characteristic symptoms as assessed by medical team from Trivandrum Medical College, Kerala, India. The red snapper species was identified and confirmed as Lutjanus bohar by DNA barcoding. Mouse bioassay was carried out to detect the presence of ciguatoxin and the tested mice showed symptoms related to suspected CTX toxicity. Significantly higher level of ciguatoxin lethal dose was estimated which was found equivalent to 16.25 ng of CTX-1 which led to 13% of weight loss in tested mice. Medical professionals also investigated clinical manifestations of suspected toxicity in hospitalised individuals. This study indicated that there is a need for regular surveillance of seafood landed across the coast and consumer’s awareness for their safety.

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Section: Notesupporting

confidence: 86%

Incidence of Ciguatoxin fish poisoning in Trivandrum, India

Rajisha

Kishore²,

Panda³

et al. 2017

Indian J. Fish.

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“…Consequently, L. bohar and L. monostigma are known as ciguateric fishes, while L. gibbus and L. fulviflamma are known as non-ciguateric fishes in Okinawa. A previous phylogenetic analysis using DNA barcode data of the cytochrome oxidase subunit I and 16S rRNA genes indicated that L. gibbus is more closely related to L. bohar than to L. fulviflamma [ 23 ]. However, comparison of the in vitro CTX oxidation activities in these fishes suggested that L. bohar and L. gibbus have different metabolic pathways for CTX detoxification, which is assumed to begin with an oxidation reaction; and these differences may lead to species-specific toxin profiles in fish.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biooxidation of Ciguatoxins Leads to Species-Specific Toxin Profiles

Ikehara

Kuniyoshi

Oshiro

et al. 2017

Toxins

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Ciguatoxins (CTXs) contaminate fish worldwide and cause the foodborne illness ciguatera. In the Pacific, these toxins are produced by the dinoflagellate Gambierdiscus toxicus, which accumulates in fish through the food chain and undergoes oxidative modification, giving rise to numerous analogs. In this study, we examined the oxidation of CTXs in vitro with liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) analysis using reference toxins, and found that CTX4A, CTX4B, and CTX3C, which are produced by the alga, are oxidized to the analogs found in fish, namely CTX1B, 52-epi-54-deoxyCTX1B, 54-deoxyCTX1B, 2-hydroxyCTX3C, and 2,3-dihydroxyCTX3C. This oxidation was catalyzed by human CYP3A4, fish liver S9 fractions, and microsomal fractions prepared from representative ciguateric fishes (Lutjanus bohar, L. monostigumus, and Oplegnathus punctatus). In addition, fish liver S9 fractions prepared from non-ciguateric fishes (L. gibbus and L. fulviflamma) in Okinawa also converted CTX4A and CTX4B to CTX1B, 54-deoxyCTX1B, and 52-epi-54-deoxyCTX1B in vitro. This is the first study to demonstrate the enzymatic oxidation of these toxins, and provides insight into the mechanism underlying the development of species-specific toxin profiles and the fate of these toxins in humans and fish.

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Section: Indian Ocean Regionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In southwest India, CP was not described until 2015 when two successive outbreaks involving red snapper (Lutjanus bohar, locally known as chempalli) occurred in Mangalore (Rajeish et al, 2016;Rajisha et al, 2017b). The first outbreak (June 2015) involved two individuals who became ill following consumption of a red snapper purchased from a local market (Rajeish et al, 2016), whereas the second outbreak (September 2016) affected > 200 people (Karunasagar et al, 2018). The confirmation of the presence of CTXs in implicated fish samples was further provided using a variety of toxicity methods including mouse bioassay, cytotoxicity and receptor binding assays, and LC-MS/MS (Rajisha et al, 2017a;Rajisha et al, 2017b;Karunasagar et al, 2018) (Table 3).…”

Section: Indian Ocean Regionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ciguatera poisonings: A global review of occurrences and trends

et al. 2021

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Ciguatera Poisoning (CP) is the most prevalent, phycotoxin related seafood poisoning across the globe, affecting between 10,000 and 50,000 people annually. This illness results from the consumption of seafood contaminated with lipid soluble toxins known as ciguatoxins (CTXs) that are produced by benthic dinoflagellates in the genera Gambierdiscus and Fukuyoa. The present work reviews the global occurrence of CP events and outbreaks, based on both scientific and gray literature.Please note that this is an author-produced PDF of an article accepted for publication following peer review. The definitive publisher-authenticated version is available on the publisher Web site. Highlights► A geographical expansion of ciguatera poisoning incidents is observed since 2000. ► Atypical forms of CP involving sharks and marine invertebrates are reported. ► CP cases and outbreaks remain largely under-reported on a global level. ► Gambierdiscus and Fukuyoa spp. global distribution is updated and summarized.

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Presumptive Case of Ciguatera Fish Poisoning in Mangalore, India

Cited by 10 publications

References 20 publications

Incidence of Ciguatoxin fish poisoning in Trivandrum, India

Incidence of Ciguatoxin fish poisoning in Trivandrum, India

Biooxidation of Ciguatoxins Leads to Species-Specific Toxin Profiles

Ciguatera poisonings: A global review of occurrences and trends

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