Preterm Newborns are Provided with Triggering Receptor Expressed on Myeloid Cells-1

Abstract

The first two authors equally contributed to the study Triggering receptor expressed on myeloid eells-I (TREM-l) and soluble fraction (sTREM-l) are useful markers of infection in adults. Neonates, especially preterm infants, are exposed to high risk of sepsis due to the immature immune system and few data are available regarding TREM-l, mainly focused on the soluble form. We therefore decided to investigate the baseline assessment of TREM-l, membrane and soluble receptors, in preterm newborns without clinical or microbiological evidence of infection, in order to precociously measure the possible changes due to sepsis and compare them to the obtained reference values. Fifty-nine newborns were enrolled in the study. Median and Interquartile range of TREM-l were: in monocytes 96% [94][95][96][97][98] 55-103.93]. Monocyte expression and soluble TREM-l concentrations appeared comparable to healthy adults, while not all PMNs expressed this receptor, possibly due to their immaturity. Birth weight negatively correlated with sTREM-l, while there were no statistical significances with gestational age, maternal age, gender, mode of delivery, patent ductus arteriosus, intrauterine growth restriction, premature rupture of membranes and TREM-l or sTREM-l. We also reported a statistical relationship between monocyte TREM-l and surfactant administration and between sTREM-l and antenatal steroid prophylaxis. Even if untrained, the neonatal immune system of preterm newborns is equipped with TREM-l system, but further studies are needed to evaluate the functionality in newborns.The triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells-l (TREM-I) is a transmembrane receptor, member of the immunoglobulin superfamily expressed on human mature myelomonocytic cells such as polymorphonuclear cells (PMNs), monocytes and various macrophage subsets (1-2). It is a regulator of the innate immune system and it is an inflammatory amplifier. TREM-l expression

Can sTREM-1 predict septic shock & death in late-onset neonatal sepsis? A pilot study

“…21 Similar results were reported for the membrane-bound receptor by Matoba N et al in neonates born preterm. Furthermore, they proposed a potential correlation of inflammation with preterm labor.…”

Serum sTREM‐1 (Soluble Triggering Receptor Expressed on Myeloid Cells‐1) Associates Negatively with Embryo Quality in Infertility Patients

“…This value is about five times higher than the baseline serum sTREM-1 in preterm newborns without clinical or microbiological evidence of infection 30 and twice as high as serum sTREM-1 found in patients with inflammatory bowel disease. This value is about five times higher than the baseline serum sTREM-1 in preterm newborns without clinical or microbiological evidence of infection 30 and twice as high as serum sTREM-1 found in patients with inflammatory bowel disease.…”

“…We detected sTREM-1 in follicular fluid to be 140.4 ± 34.4 and 115.6 ± 35.1 pg/mL in serum of infertile women. This value is about five times higher than the baseline serum sTREM-1 in preterm newborns without clinical or microbiological evidence of infection 30 and twice as high as serum sTREM-1 found in patients with inflammatory bowel disease. 8 At the same time, our values are up to 50 times lower than amniotic fluid sTREM-1 in acute intra-amniotic infections, 31 but comparable to values distinguishing non-infectious effusion of tuberculosis pleuritis from bacterial pleural effusion.…”

Diagnostic value of urine soluble triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells (sTREM-1) for late-onset neonatal sepsis in infected preterm neonates

“…TREM-1 is an important receptor involved in the innate inflammatory response and sepsis. 24 , 25 In the present study, sTREM-1 samples were collected early in suspecting sepsis in all neonates. Because mortality may be increased in LOS in preterm infants, starting early antibiotic treatment is important while awaiting blood culture results.…”