Prevaccination Distribution of Human Papillomavirus Types in Women Attending at Cervical Cancer Screening in Belgium

Abstract

Introduction: Before the introduction of vaccination against human papillomaviruses (HPV) as a new strategy of combating cervical cancer, it is required to describe the baseline prevalence of HPV infection as well as the distribution of the different HPV types in the population and among women with cervical lesions. Materials and Methods: Approximately 10,000 liquid cervical cell samples from women, resident of Flanders (North Belgium) and participating in cervical cancer screening, were assessed cytologically and virologically with a multiplex real-time PCR using primers targeting the E6/E7 genes of 16 HPV types. Correlations of HPV infection with age, geographic area, and occurrence of cytologic lesions were assessed. Results: The prevalence of cytologic abnormalities was atypical squamous cells of undetermined significance (ASC-US), 1.6%; atypical glandular cells (AGC), 0.2%; low-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion (LSIL), 2.6%; atypical squamous cells, HSIL cannot be excluded (ASC-H), 0.3%; and high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion (HSIL), 1.2%. The frequency of high-risk HPV infections was 11% in women without cytologic abnormalities, 77% in ASC-US, 32% in AGC, 85% in LSIL, and 93% in ASC-H and HSIL. The prevalence of high-risk HPV infection was highest in

Population-based Cervical Cancer Screening Using High-risk HPV DNA Test and Liquid-based Cytology in Northern Thailand

“…In the present study, the prevalence of positive hrHPV test or cytology peaked in the age group 35-39 years, which is rather different from several other studies in which hrHPV prevalence gradually decline after the age of 25 to 30 years (Cuzick et al, 2003;Leinonen et al, 2008;Arbyn et al, 2009;Swangvaree et al, 2010;Zorzi et al, 2013). However, studies in China have shown a "two peak" pattern of hrHPV prevalence, with the first peak in the age group 15-24 years (prevalence 16.2-18.7%) and the second peak in the age group 35-39 years (prevalence 16.0-18.6%) (Li et al, 2013).…”

“…The prevalence of positive hrHPV testing appears to be variable depending on geographic regions and the types of HPV test (Franceschi et al, 2006;Leinonen et al, 2008;Arbyn et al, 2009;Sharma et al, 2013). Considering population-based studies in which HC2 testing was used, the HC2-positive prevalence of 7.1% in our study is comparable to the reported prevalence from countries in Europe and North America (6.3-8.1%) (Cuzick et al, 2003;Leinonen et al, 2008;Castle et al, 2009;Ogilvie et al, 2012;Zorzi et al, 2013), while it is higher than the prevalence in the Netherlands (4.5%) (Bulkmans et al, 2007) but is lower than that in India (10.3-16.2%) (Sankaranarayanan et al, 2009;Pandey et al, 2012;Rai et al, 2014) and China (9.9-27.5%) (Zhao et al, 2010;Li et al, 2013).…”

Viral Load of High-Risk Human Papillomaviruses as Reliable Clinical Predictor for the Presence of Cervical Lesions

“…HPV viral load has been proposed as a candidate, which potentially can discriminate significant from insignificant HPV infections. Viral load can be measured by a variety of methods, including the semiquantitative HC2 (7) and visual assessment of reverse line blot or dot blot signals (8), or truly quantitative singleplex or multiplex quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) (9,10). The majority of cross-sectional studies reported an association of increasing viral load with advancing disease severity, which was strongest for HPV16, but less strong or even absent for other Hr-HPV types (8)(9)(10)(11).…”

A clinical study on genital warts and HIV in Bangladesh

“…Presence of RNA transcripts like E6/E7 and DNA study for expression factors of HPV sub types may be used to predict malignancy in future. 18 This study revealed no patient with malignancy, a finding that may be explained by lower mean age of the subject and the cross-sectional nature of the study. Follow up of these patients and larger sample size may provide more data.…”