Prevalence and analysis of associated risk factors for Cryptosporidium infection in lambs in Jammu district

Ahamed, Irshad; Yadav, Anish; Katoch, Rajesh; Godara, Rajesh; Saleem, Taniya; Nisar, Nadia

doi:10.1007/s12639-013-0353-y

Cited by 12 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…The results also revealed that the C. parvum was equally pathogenic for both cattle (45.10%) and buffalo (38.39%) calves in all age groups, was in agreement with the finding of Maurya et al (2013). The frequency of shedding oocysts was more in diarrhoeic (59.54%) than non-diarrhoeic (29.41%) calves, the results was in agreement with finding of Maurya et al (2013) and Ahamed et al (2015). High levels of environment contamination, high output of oocysts and extensive (Masood et al, 2013).…”

Section: Comparative Evaluation Of Diagnostic Methodssupporting

confidence: 87%

Comparative evaluation of conventional staining method and enzyme linked immunosorbent assay kits for the detection of bovine cryptosporidiosis

Thakre

Solanki

Kumar

et al. 2017

IJAR

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Out of 428 faecal 178 (41.59%) animals were found positive for Cryptosporidium parvum oocysts in the bovine faeces in modified Ziehl-Neelsen (mZN) staining and/ or commercial plate and dipstick-enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) kits (Cypress diagnostics, Langdorp, Belgium) with statistically non-significant difference in the occurrence rate in cattle and buffalo calves. Seasonal prevalence difference was statistically significant in cattle calves while non-significant in buffalo calves, respectively. The highest overall prevalence was recorded during rainy season (45.15%) and almost same per cent during winter and summer. Prevalence of 67.26, 37.11, 30 and 17.65% was recorded in calves aged below 1 month, 1-3 months, 4-8 months and 9-12 months, respectively (p<0.05). There was no significant difference in the age group prevalence between cattle and buffalo calves. Both sexes of bovines are equally susceptible to the cryptosporidiosis (p>0.05). The prevalence of cryptosporidiosis was 59.54 and 29.41% for diarrhoeic and non-diarrhoeic samples, respectively (p<0.05). Both diarrhoeic and non-diarrhoeic groups of calves aged between 1-30 days were equally susceptible to the infection of Cryptosporidium spp. Almost same per cent prevalence of the infection was observed in dairy calves reared in organized (40.76%) and unorganized farms (42.21%) and the difference was non-significant in both cattle and buffalo calves. Highest prevalence of cryptosporidiosis was found in HF cross calves. The tests failed to detect the oocysts in infected soil samples. There was highly significant difference in the prevalence of cryptosporidiosis estimated by plate/ dipstick-ELISA and mZN staining with highest sensitivity and specificity in plate-ELISA.

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Section: Comparative Evaluation Of Diagnostic Methodssupporting

confidence: 87%

Comparative evaluation of conventional staining method and enzyme linked immunosorbent assay kits for the detection of bovine cryptosporidiosis

Thakre

Solanki

Kumar

et al. 2017

IJAR

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“…In order not to collect feces directly from the rectum (invasive method) nor to collect feces from the floor, the animals were daily fitted with a disposable plastic bag (Ahamed et al, 2015), clearly identified with group/animal/day, allowing the feces to be stored for a maximum of 1 h before their collection in sterile boxes. This method prevents the reinfection of kids by oocysts excreted in the feces from other animals.…”

Section: Sample Collectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cryptosporidium parvum Infection Depletes Butyrate Producer Bacteria in Goat Kid Microbiome

et al. 2020

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Cryptosporidium parvum is an important apicomplexan parasite infecting ruminants and humans. We characterized the impact of C. parvum infection on the goat kid microbiome. C. parvum was orally administered to parasite-naïve goats, and infection was monitored for 26 days in fecal samples using immunofluorescence assay and qPCR tests. Age-matched goats served as uninfected controls. A reduction in body weight gain, diarrhea, and dehydration were observed in infected goats compared to the uninfected controls. Infection decreased the bacterial diversity 5 days post-infection (dpi), but this parameter recovered at 15 dpi. The infection altered the relative abundance of several taxa. A total of 38 taxa displayed significant differences in abundance between control and infected goats at both 5 and 15 dpi. Co-occurrence network analysis revealed that the infection resulted in a differential pattern of taxa interactions and that C. parvum infection increased the relative abundance of specific taxa. The 16S data set was used for metagenome predictions using the software package PICRUSt2. As many as 34 and 40 MetaCyc pathways (from 387 total) were significantly affected by the infection at 5 and 15 dpi, respectively. Notably, C. parvum decreased the abundance of butyrate-producing pathways in bacteria. Low levels of butyrate may increase mucosal inflammation and tissue repair. Our results suggest that the gut inflammation induced by C. parvum infection is associated with the reduction of butyrate-producing bacteria. This insight could be the basis for the development of novel control strategies to improve animal health.

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“…En Turquía (24) , indican en corderos de esta misma edad una prevalencia de 38.8 % (155/400), distribuida en el 90 % (18/20) de las granjas observadas, mostrando que de acuerdo con los grupos de edad, la frecuencia en corderos de una semana de edad fue 44.4 % (67/151), en corderos de dos semanas fue 37.5 % (39/104), en los de tres semanas 40 % (38/95) y 22 % (11/50) en los de cuatro semanas de edad. En la India, se identificó una infección de 65 % en corderos de menos de un mes de edad (25) ; en Zaragoza, España, Cryptosporidium spp., se presentó en corderos de 14 días de edad (26) . La comparación entre estudios desarrollados en otros países con el nuestro es difícil; la información generada en ellos permite confirmar que este parásito infecta con mayor frecuencia a corderos menores de 30 días de edad, como se reporta en la literatura (11) , y la prevalencia es tan diversa como los sistemas de producción.…”

Section: Discussionunclassified

“…Sin embargo, la edad es un factor considerado como marcador de riesgo a contraer la infección; los animales jóvenes, en especial los lactantes, son los más propensos a sufrir esta enfermedad, y a ello se le adicionan al menos otros dos factores de riesgo, el estado inmunológico de los animales y el manejo sanitario (25)(26)(27)(28) . La exposición inicial de los neonatos a la infección ocurre en las áreas de parición, como consecuencia de la eliminación de ooquistes por parte de las borregas gestantes; por lo general los ooquistes contaminan la ubre, el agua, el alimento y las áreas donde habitan los corderos; así, el sistema de manejo interviene en la probabilidad de transmisión del protozoario entre animales infectados y susceptibles (27) .…”

Section: Discussionunclassified

“…La diseminación del parásito ocurre cuando el excremento contaminado se deposita en el suelo, de tal forma es factible que los ooquistes se transporten por agua o aire a los sitios o materiales que actúan como vehículos de contagio (17,10) . En sistemas de producción intensivos se detecta una prevalencia más alta que en los manejados en pastoreo (4,15) , probablemente debido a que las condiciones de confinamiento favorecen la presencia de la infección como se ha demostrado en becerros lactantes (2,26,30) . En la presente investigación, C. parvum fue la única especie identificada en las muestras procesadas; esta especie es la que se presenta con mayor frecuencia en los rumiantes domésticos, particularmente en animales jóvenes (31)(32)(33)(34) , además de ser una especie con capacidad zoonótica (9,17) .…”

Section: Discussionunclassified

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Cases frequency and molecular identification of Cryptosporidium spp. in lactating lambs kept grazing in the State of Veracruz, Mexico

Vitela-Mendoza

Lorenzo

Vazquez

et al. 2018

Rev. Mex. Cienc. Pecu.

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Frecuencia de casos e identificación molecular de Resumen:El objetivo fue determinar la frecuencia de la infección por Cryptosporidium spp., y realizar la identificación de especie o genotipo de los ooquistes en corderos lactantes Pelibuey, Black Belly y Katahdin mantenidos en pastoreo en la región de la Huasteca Alta del estado de Veracruz, México. Las muestras de excremento se recolectaron de 210 corderos de 7 a 21 días de edad, procedentes de 21 granjas; se procesaron mediante frotis fecal teñido con Kinyoun y por PCR anidada para amplificar la región del gen 18S rARN del parásito (830 pb); las muestras positivas fueron secuenciadas. La frecuencia de corderos positivos a Cryptosporidium spp., por microscopía fue 19.5 % (41/210), con una escala entre rebaños de 10 a 50 %; en tanto que por técnicas moleculares fue de 26.8 % (11/41) con un intervalo de 14 a 50 %; las demás muestras fueron negativas a ambas pruebas. Las 11 muestras

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Prevalence and analysis of associated risk factors for Cryptosporidium infection in lambs in Jammu district

Cited by 12 publications

References 16 publications

Comparative evaluation of conventional staining method and enzyme linked immunosorbent assay kits for the detection of bovine cryptosporidiosis

Comparative evaluation of conventional staining method and enzyme linked immunosorbent assay kits for the detection of bovine cryptosporidiosis

Cryptosporidium parvum Infection Depletes Butyrate Producer Bacteria in Goat Kid Microbiome

Cases frequency and molecular identification of Cryptosporidium spp. in lactating lambs kept grazing in the State of Veracruz, Mexico

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