Prevalence and antibiotic resistance pattern of Campylobacter species in foods of animal origin

Abstract

Aim:The aim was to determine the prevalence and evaluation of antibiotic resistance pattern and minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of Campylobacter species isolated from foods of animal origin. Materials and Methods:A total of 280 samples (comprising 150 chicken meat, 50 chevon and 80 milk) were collected from retail meat markets, slaughter houses and dairy farms and analyzed for isolation of Campylobacter species. A total of 29 isolates comprising 23 Campylobacter jejuni and 6 Campylobacter coli were recovered, characterized biochemically and confirmed by polymerase chain reaction. These isolates were then tested for antibiotic resistance pattern through disc diffusion method, and MIC was assessed by MIC strips. The antibiotic resistance assessment was performed against 8 antibiotics viz. ampicillin, co-trimoxazole, erythromycin, levofloxacin, gentamicin, ciprofloxacin, ceftriaxone, and norfloxacin. Results:The prevalence of Campylobacter spp. in chicken meat, chevon and milk samples were observed 17.33%, 6% and 0%, respectively. All the isolates were resistant to co-trimoxazole but sensitive to erythromycin. All the isolates showed different resistance pattern for the rest of the antibiotics. MIC results revealed that all the isolates were within prescribed concentrations for sensitivity for the antibiotics tested. Conclusions:The foods of animal origin are source of Campylobacter infections to human beings. Thus, the development of antibiotic-resistant strains emphasizes the requirement of better surveillance and monitoring of the foods of animal origin and the use of antimicrobials in veterinary and human medicine require careful regulation.

Examining Antimicrobial Resistance in Escherichia coli: A Case Study in Central Virginia’s Environment

“…The pervasive use of antibiotics in humans, animals, and agricultural practices has led to the widespread dissemination of antimicrobial-resistant bacteria, posing a significant environmental threat [ 1 , 2 , 3 ]. Research by Brown et al [ 4 ] identifies partially metabolized antimicrobials from humans and animals as a primary source of environmental contamination.…”

One Health Landscape of Antimicrobial Resistance in Bacteria Isolated from Virginia between 2007–2021

“…Given the continuous occurrence of foodborne illnesses and other infectious diseases in the United States and the complex nature of AMR transmission pathways, there is a pressing need for continued research on bacterial strains isolated from biological, food, and environmental samples and their potential resistance to antimicrobials. Frequently, foodborne illnesses are excessively treated with antimicrobials, contributing to the proliferation of multidrug resistance (MDR) bacterial strains affecting both humans and animals [ 7 ]. Previous studies have also linked this spread of resistance to the use of antimicrobials in veterinary medicine and the transmission of resistant isolates through animal-origin foods to humans [ 7 , 8 ].…”

“…Frequently, foodborne illnesses are excessively treated with antimicrobials, contributing to the proliferation of multidrug resistance (MDR) bacterial strains affecting both humans and animals [ 7 ]. Previous studies have also linked this spread of resistance to the use of antimicrobials in veterinary medicine and the transmission of resistant isolates through animal-origin foods to humans [ 7 , 8 ]. Consequently, there was a government call for the reduction of antimicrobial usage in both veterinary and human medicine practices [ 9 ] which subsequently resulted in the Veterinary Feed Directive (VFD) that banned use of antibiotics in feed for growth promotion and restricted antibiotic dispensation to only under veterinary supervision.…”