Prevalence and Antibiotic Resistance Patterns of Ocular Bacterial Strains Isolated from Pediatric Patients in University Hospital of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli,” Naples, Italy

Petrillo, Francesco; Folliero, Veronica; Santella, Biagio; Franci, Gianluigi; Foglia, Francesco; Trotta, Maria Consiglia; Rocca, Maria Teresa Della; Avitabile, Teresio; Gagliano, Caterina; Galdiero, Marilena

doi:10.1155/2020/8847812

Cited by 15 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…We observed a higher occurrence of conjunctivitis in male (65%) when compared to female (35%) patients. A similar result was observed in an Italian independent study by Petrillo et al [ 19 ]. In this study, the results of culture and PCR methods revealed the occurrence rate of 1% for M. catarrhalis in conjunctivitis samples.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

“…In a study by Jyoti et al [ 22 ] from India, the prevalence of M. catarrhalis was reported as 0.4% in conjunctivitis specimens that was lower than this study. In previous reports from various countries of the world, the coagulase-negative Staphylococci and S. aureus were among the most prevalent species isolated from eye infections, including conjunctivitis [ 17 , 19 , 22 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Low prevalence of Moraxella catarrhalis in the patients who suffered from conjunctivitis in the southwest of Iran

et al. 2020

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Objective Moraxella catarrhalis is a non-motile Gram-negative diplococcus bacterium that contributed to several human infections including conjunctivitis. This study aimed to reveal the prevalence of M. catarrhalis in patients who suffered from conjunctivitis in Ahvaz city, southwest of Iran. Results Out of 100 conjunctiva swab specimens, M. catarrhalis was isolated only from one (1%) conjunctivitis cases using the culture method. This strain was isolated from a 34 years old female patient. Also, the results of the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) were in agreement with the culture method, and the specimen that showed positive culture was also positive for specific gene of M. catarrhalis. The remaining 99 specimens did not show positive results with any of the culture and PCR methods.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Low prevalence of Moraxella catarrhalis in the patients who suffered from conjunctivitis in the southwest of Iran

et al. 2020

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“…Instead, as described by Petrillo F. et al, a higher incidence of CoNS (60.4%) eye infections was reported among pediatric patients. CoNS were considered a part of commensal skin flora, so their presence was dismissed as sampling contamination, but in recent years, they have been reported as human pathogens that cause ocular infections in patients with clinical symptoms [ 4 ]. In the present study, methicillin-resistance was reported in 61.7% among CoNS isolates.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, some conditions, such as prolonged and improper use of contact lenses, surgery, trauma, previous ocular infections, dry eye state, nasolacrimal duct obstructions or reduced host defense, can cause several ocular infections by adapted microorganisms [ 2 , 3 ]. Bacteria are responsible for about 32–74% of ocular infections, followed by viruses, fungi and parasites [ 4 , 5 ]. Worldwide people of all age and genders can have bacterial eye infections that include keratitis, dacryocystitis, endophthalmitis, blepharitis and conjunctivitis [ 6 , 7 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antimicrobial Susceptibility Patterns and Resistance Trends of Staphylococcus aureus and Coagulase-Negative Staphylococci Strains Isolated from Ocular Infections

et al. 2021

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Ocular bacterial infections represent a serious problem that affecting people of all age and genders. These infections can lead to visual impairment and blindness if not properly treated. The current study evaluates the antimicrobial resistance profiles and the resistance trend of both Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) and coagulase-negative staphylococci (CoNS), the main pathogens involved in eye infections. A total of 322 isolates of S. aureus and CoNS, were collected from patients with bacterial conjunctivitis and keratitis at the “Luigi Vanvitelli” University Hospital of Campania in Naples, Italy, between 2017 and 2020. The isolated bacteria showed a high percentage of resistance to methicillin and other antibiotics commonly used for the treatment of ocular infections. Trends in antibiotic resistance were not encouraging, recording—especially among CoNS strains—an increase of more than 20% in resistance to methicillin and aminoglycosides during the study period. Instead, the resistance rates to tetracycline had a significant decrease in CoNS isolates while no changes in their susceptibility to fluoroquinolones and macrolides were observed. However, all isolates showed no resistance to trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole and chloramphenicol. In this scenario, preventive identification of the infection causative agents and the evaluation of the antimicrobial susceptibility patterns are essential to set up an ocular infection effective drug treatment and also prevent antibiotic resistance.

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“…This report should serve as a public health warning signal, however, to intensify surveillance efforts and identify mcr-1 tanks in sensitive populations. Environmental, food and clinical monitoring are essential in order to reduce the transfer of multi-strain resistant bacteria between animals and humans Finally, increased vigilance and the implementation of antimicrobial management programs are necessary and important in the health sector to slow the spread of antimicrobial resistance [22][23][24][25].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

First Report of the mcr-1 colistin Resistance Gene Identified in Escherichia coli Isolated from a Clinical Sample in Naples in 2020

Santella

Zannella

Vecchio

et al. 2020

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Background: The emergence of a novel plasmid-mediated colistin resistance mechanism, encoded by the mcr-1 gene, represents a major public health concern. The mechanism of resistance to colistin, mediated by plasmids, is a serious problem, both for its ability to be transferred to other species, and for infections caused by carbapenem-resistant Gram-negative, in which colistin is used as an antimicrobial drug of last line for the treatment of these infections. The present study highlights the first isolation and genetic evaluation of detecting plasmid-mediated resistance to colistin in a multidrug-resistant (MDR) Escherichia coli (E. coli) isolated from a clinical sample in the metropolitan city of Naples, Italy. Results: Colistin-resistant E. coli isolate was identified in August 2020 from the blood culture of a male patient with multiple comorbidities. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of colistin was 8 mg/L. In addition to colistin, the isolate was resistant to third-generation cephalosporins (cefotaxime and ceftazidime), penicillin (amoxicillin and piperacillin), aminoglycosides (gentamicin and tobramycin), and fluoroquinolones (ciprofloxacin and levofloxacin). However, it showed susceptibility to carbapenems (ertapenem, imipenem, and meropenem), tetracyclines (tigecycline), and piperacillin-tazobactam. The results of the PCR confirmed the presence of the mcr-1 resistance gene. Conclusion: This study confirms the presence of resistance to colistin mediated by the mcr-1 gene in a clinical isolate of E. coli. Although resistance to colistin caused by the mcr-1 gene is not common in our region, it should not be ignored. Therefore, further surveillance studies are recommended to monitor the spread of plasmid-mediated colistin resistance genes in Gram-negative MDR bacteria.

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Prevalence and Antibiotic Resistance Patterns of Ocular Bacterial Strains Isolated from Pediatric Patients in University Hospital of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli,” Naples, Italy

Cited by 15 publications

References 41 publications

Low prevalence of Moraxella catarrhalis in the patients who suffered from conjunctivitis in the southwest of Iran

Low prevalence of Moraxella catarrhalis in the patients who suffered from conjunctivitis in the southwest of Iran

Antimicrobial Susceptibility Patterns and Resistance Trends of Staphylococcus aureus and Coagulase-Negative Staphylococci Strains Isolated from Ocular Infections

First Report of the mcr-1 colistin Resistance Gene Identified in Escherichia coli Isolated from a Clinical Sample in Naples in 2020

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