Prevalence and antibiotics susceptibility profiles of Streptococcus pyogenes among pediatric patients with acute pharyngitis at Felege Hiwot Comprehensive Specialized Hospital, Northwest Ethiopia

Abstract

Background Streptococcus pyogenes (S. pyogenes) is a Gram positive bacterium which is a leading cause of pharyngitis, skin and soft tissue infection and post streptococcal syndromes. Due to lack of β-lactamase enzyme production, it was considered universally susceptible to penicillin group and later generation of β-lactam antibiotics. As such, empirical treatment was common which might leads to development of antibiotics resistance. Therefore, the aims of this study were to determine the prevalence, antibiotics susceptibility profile; and associated factors of S. pyogenes among pediatric patients with acute pharyngitis in Felege Hiwot Comprehensive Specialized Hospital (FHCSH), Northwest Ethiopia. Methods Hospital based cross-sectional study was carried out on 154 pediatric patients, whose age ranged from 0 to 18 years old using consecutive convenient sampling technique from 1st February to 19th June 2020 at FHCSH. S. pyogenes were identified by throat swab culture on 5% sheep blood agar with an overnight incubation at 37 °C in candle jar containing 5% CO2. Gram stain, catalase test and bacitracin test were used to identify S. pyogenes. Then,the data were entered into EpiData version 3.1 and analyzed by SPSS version 20 software. Finally, stepwise, bivariable and multivariable logistic regressions were carried out for identifyying factors having significant ssociation (p<0.05) with acute pharyngitis. Results From the total throat swabs, 14 (9.1%) with (95% CI; 4.5–14.3) were culture positive for S. pyogenes. From these, all isolates were sensitive to penicillin and ampicillin. On the otherhand, 4 (35.7%), 4 (35.5%), 3 (21.4%), 2 (14.3%), 1 (7.1%), 7 (50.0%) and 1 (7.1%) isolates were resistant for ceftriaxone, vancomycin, erythromycin, tetracycline, chloramphenicol, clindamycin and levofloxacin, respectively. The presence of any smoker in home showed significant association with S. pyogenes acute pharyngitis. Furthermore, having tender lymphadenopathy and recurrence were clinical predictors for S. pyogenes acute pharyngitis (P < 0.05). Conclusion The prevalence of S. pyogenes was guaged at 9.1% which is considered as low prevalence. All S. pyogenes isolats remain sensitive to penicillin. However, resistance was reported to clindamycin 7 (50.0%), ceftriaxone 5 (35.7%) and erythromycin 3 (21.4%). The current practice of giving erythromycin, clindamycin instead of penicillin and ampicillin is againest the microbiology result. Therefore, current empirical treatment of acute pharyngitis shall take in to account the current evidences. Continuous surveillance of antibiotics resistance pattern of S. pyogenes for acute pharyngitis must be strengthen to improve the use of antibiotics in hospitals.

Molecular Identification of <i>Streptococcus pyogenes</i> in Isolates from Children with Pharyngitis, Gezira State, Sudan 2022

“…Our result has a lower rate than [11] and [12] studies which show 30% and 46% isolates of Streptococcus pyogenes. Streptococcus pyogenes is sensitive to penicillin; different studies worldwide showed that like [11] study from Iran, [13] study from Senegal, [14] study from…”

ANTIBACTERIAL ACTIVITIES OF ETHANOL EXTRACTS FROM Croton macrostachyus (Hochst. Ex Delile) AND Justicia schimperiana (Hochst. Ex Nees) BARK AND LEAF AGAINST CERTAIN PATHOGENIC BACTERIA

“…However, gram positive bacteria have been posing threat to humans as they are developing resistance to antibacterial drugs. For instance, Streptococcus pyogenes has been known to cause pharyngitis among the paediatric group and infection of skin and soft tissue which is resistant to erythromycin and clindamycin (Kebede et al, 2021). Similarly, S. aureus cause soft tissue infections.…”

Nanobiosensor Based on Sugar Code-AuNPs Aggregation: A Key to Opening New Gates in Rapid Diagnosis of Streptococcal Pharyngitis

“…M6 GAS and M12 GAS were treated at the same mentioned conditions. (Camara et al, 2013;Parvizi et al, 2014;Kebede et al, 2021). E. coli O157:H7 was recovered from the stocks on Nutrient Broth and then the plates were incubated at 37 °C for 1 day.…”