Prevalence and antimicrobial susceptibility of Salmonella species from lactating cows in dairy farm of Bahir Dar Town, Ethiopia

Mulaw, Guesh

doi:10.5897/ajmr2017.8692

Cited by 8 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…Likewise, similar result, a study conducted in Brazil, also showed that the most common susceptibility profile of Salmonella enterica isolated from calves was to amikacin, amoxicillin, ampicillin, ciprofloxacin, gentamicin, tetracycline, and trimethoprim+sulfamethoxazole [41]. The susceptibility of Salmonella isolates to ciprofloxacin (100%) agreed with the reports of [42]. On the other hand, all the isolates were resistant to tetracycline (100%), streptomycin (91.4%),trimetho-prim+sulfamethoxazole(74.3%),chloramphenicol(85.7%),amoxi-cillin +clavulanic (62.9%) and gentamycin (60%) reported by in Uruguay reported that the most widespread resistance was against tetracycline (87.8%), streptomycin (85.4%) and ampicillin (22%) [33].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 84%

Designing Nerve Growth Factor Analogues to Suppress Pain Signal Transduction Mediated by the p75NTR-NGF-TrkA Complex: A Structural and Biophysical Perspective

2024

Int Internal Med J

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Background: The global community is confronted with a significant challenge in the form of antimicrobial resistance, which affects both public and animal health. This phenomenon is greatly influenced by the widespread use of antimicrobial agents in various domains, including human medicine, veterinary practices, and other sectors. The increasing prevalence of drug resistance in E. coli and Salmonella spp. strains isolated from humans and animals has sparked a vigorous debate concerning the potential risks to public health associated with the utilization of antibiotics in animal production. Hence, the objective of this research was to assess the susceptibility of Salmonella enterica to antimicrobial agents and to detect the presence of Escherichia Coli K99 in diarrheic calves within the Awash Fentale District of the Afar Region, in Eastern Ethiopia. Objectives: To assess antimicrobial susceptibility profile of Salmonella enterica, and to identify Escherichia Coli K99 from Diarrheic Calves in and Around Awash Fentale District of Afar Region, Eastern Ethiopia. Methods: The current cross-sectional study was conducted from December 2022 to November 2023 with the aim to isolate and identify E. coli K99 and Salmonella enterica and associated risk factors for occurrence of these two pathogens. Fecal samples were collected from a total of 188 diarrheic calves aged up to 6 months from 150 households in Awash Fentale district Afar region, eastern Ethiopia. The samples were transported in ice box to Aklilu Lemma Institute of Pathobiology laboratory, microbiology department for isolation and identification of bacteria. Feces were stored at 4 °C until the time of processing. These samples were processed during the study period for the isolation and identification of E.coli K99 and Salmonella enterica using culture media, biochemical tests, Pathasure kit and Biolog GEN III microplate. Data after laboratory test result was recorded in Microsoft excel® 2021 from prepared result recording format paper. The data was then imported to the software STATA windows version 14 (StataCorp LP, College Station, Texas, USA) for appropriate statistical analysis. Pearson Chi-square (X2) test followed by multivariable logistic regression analysis was utilized to assess the degree of association between each risk factor and calf diarrhea causing E.coli K99 and Salmonella enterica. An association was regarded as significant if the p-value is <0.05. Result: Out of 188 samples, 20.74% and 5.32% were found to be positive for E.coli K99 and Salmonella enterica respectively. Antimicrobial sensitivity patterns of Salmonella enterica were also investigated using 12 commonly used antibiotics. All isolates from calves were susceptible (100%) to amikacin, chloramphenicol, ampicillin, amoxicillin+clavulanic acid, ceftriaxone, cephalothin ciprofloxacin, tetracycline, gentamycin and trimethoprim+sulfamethoxazole. Multivariable logistic regression analysis was done to identify significant risk factors associated with examined bacteria. Thus, study showed that the occurrence of E. coli K99 in male calves was higher (25.27%) than in female calves (16.49%). This might be the reason that more care is given to female calves than male calves. Because female calves are needed by the pastoralist were compared with male calves for milk production. On the other hand, age and colostrum feeding within 24 hours were significantly associated with Salmonella enterica shedding. Calf age was significantly associated with Salmonella enterica (P=0.014, OR=13.15, 95% CI=1.677-103.127). The highest occurrence of Salmonella enterica was recorded in the 61-120 days of age (13.79%) than 1-60 days of age (2.86%) and 121-180 days of age (10.53%) diarrheic calves.Conclusion: The isolation and identification of bacteria, as well as the assessment of risk factors linked to the transmission of bacteria causing diarrhea, can prove beneficial in developing effective strategies for prevention and control.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 84%

Designing Nerve Growth Factor Analogues to Suppress Pain Signal Transduction Mediated by the p75NTR-NGF-TrkA Complex: A Structural and Biophysical Perspective

2024

Int Internal Med J

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“…Likewise, similar result, a study conducted in Brazil, also showed that the most common susceptibility pro le of Salmonella enterica isolated from calves was to amikacin, amoxicillin, ampicillin, cipro oxacin, gentamicin, tetracycline, and trimethoprim + sulfamethoxazole (41). The susceptibility of Salmonella isolates to cipro oxacin (100%) agreed with the reports of (42). On the other hand, all the isolates were resistant to tetracycline (100%), streptomycin (91.4%),trimethoprim + sulfamethoxazole(74.3%),chloramphenicol(85.7%),amoxicillin + clavulanic (62.9%) and gentamycin (60%) reported by (33) in Uruguay reported that the most widespread resistance was against tetracycline (87.8%), streptomycin (85.4%) and ampicillin (22%).…”

Section: Identi Cation Of Salmonella Enterica By Using Biolog Gen Iii...supporting

confidence: 84%

Antimicrobial Susceptibility Profile of Salmonella, and Escherichia Coli K99 from Diarrheic Calves in and Around Awash Fentale District of Afar Region, Eastern Ethiopia

Yosef,

Adem

2024

Preprint

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Background The global community is confronted with a significant challenge in the form of antimicrobial resistance, which affects both public and animal health. This phenomenon is greatly influenced by the widespread use of antimicrobial agents in various domains, including human medicine, veterinary practices, and other sectors. The increasing prevalence of drug resistance in E. coli and Salmonella spp. strains isolated from humans and animals has sparked a vigorous debate concerning the potential risks to public health associated with the utilization of antibiotics in animal production. Hence, the objective of this research was to assess the susceptibility of Salmonella enterica to antimicrobial agents and to detect the presence of Escherichia Coli K99 in diarrheic calves within the Awash Fentale District of the Afar Region, in Eastern Ethiopia. Objectives To assess antimicrobial susceptibility profile of Salmonella enterica, and to identify Escherichia Coli K99 from Diarrheic Calves in and Around Awash Fentale District of Afar Region, Eastern Ethiopia Methods The current cross-sectional study was conducted from December 2022 to November 2023 with the aim to isolate and identify E. coli K99 and Salmonella enterica and associated risk factors for occurrence of these two pathogens. Fecal samples were collected from a total of 188 diarrheic calves aged up to 6 months from 150 households in Awash Fentale district Afar region, eastern Ethiopia. The samples were transported in ice box to Aklilu Lemma Institute of Pathobiology laboratory, microbiology department for isolation and identification of bacteria. Feces were stored at 4°C until the time of processing. These samples were processed during the study period for the isolation and identification of E.coli K99 and Salmonella enterica using culture media, biochemical tests, Pathasure kit and Biolog GEN III microplate. Data after laboratory test result was recorded in Microsoft excel® 2021 from prepared result recording format paper. The data was then imported to the software STATA windows version 14 (StataCorp LP, College Station, Texas, USA) for appropriate statistical analysis. Pearson Chi-square (X2) test followed by multivariable logistic regression analysis was utilized to assess the degree of association between each risk factor and calf diarrhea causing E.coli K99 and Salmonella enterica. An association was regarded as significant if the p-value is < 0.05. Result Out of 188 samples, 20.74% and 5.32% were found to be positive for E.coli K99 and Salmonella enterica respectively. Antimicrobial sensitivity patterns of Salmonella enterica were also investigated using 12 commonly used antibiotics. All isolates from calves were susceptible (100%) to amikacin, chloramphenicol, ampicillin, amoxicillin + clavulanic acid, ceftriaxone, cephalothin ciprofloxacin, tetracycline, gentamycin and trimethoprim + sulfamethoxazole. Multivariable logistic regression analysis was done to identify significant risk factors associated with examined bacteria. Thus, study showed that the occurrence of E. coli K99 in male calves was higher (25.27%) than in female calves (16.49%). This might be the reason that more care is given to female calves than male calves. Because female calves are needed by the pastoralist were compared with male calves for milk production. On the other hand, age and colostrum feeding within 24 hours were significantly associated with Salmonella enterica shedding. Calf age was significantly associated with Salmonella enterica (P = 0.014, OR = 13.15, 95% CI = 1.677-103.127). The highest occurrence of Salmonella enterica was recorded in the 61–120 days of age (13.79%) than 1–60 days of age (2.86%) and 121–180 days of age (10.53%) diarrheic calves. Conclusion The isolation and identification of bacteria, as well as the assessment of risk factors linked to the transmission of bacteria causing diarrhea, can prove beneficial in developing effective strategies for prevention and control.

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“…While Senbetu ( 2014 ) and Habtamu et al ( 2018 ) from Hawassa reported a higher prevalence rate of S. enterica , 25%, and 17.8%, respectively. Among the S.enterica prevalence reports from the Amhara region, Abebe et al ( 2023 ) (Dessie and Kombolcha), Mulaw ( 2017 ), and Hailu et al ( 2015 ) (Gondor) reported 5.92%, 9.35%, and 3.24%, respectively, which is lower than the S.enterica prevalence report during the wet season.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 78%

Seasonal variation of Salmonella enterica prevalence in milk and cottage cheese along the dairy value chain in three regions of Ethiopia

Admasu,

Bedassa,

Tessema

et al. 2024

Food saf. and Risk

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Seasonal fluctuations influence foodborne illness transmission and affect patterns of microbial contamination of food. Previous investigations on the seasonality of Salmonella enterica prevalence in dairy products in Ethiopia have been minimal. However, such data are needed to inform strategic development of effective interventions to improve food safety, as seasonal differences may affect intervention strategies. This study was conducted to identify differences in the prevalence of Salmonella in milk and cheese samples between wet and dry seasons. A longitudinal study design was utilized with a random sampling occurring during both dry and wet seasons. A total of 448 milk and cottage cheese samples were collected from Oromia, Sidama, and Amhara regions. Samples were tested for Salmonella using the ISO 6579-1: 2008 method, followed by PCR confirmation. A chi-square test was conducted to assess the significance of differences in the prevalence of Salmonella in the samples between the two seasons. Results from this study showed a higher prevalence of Salmonella in all sample types during the dry season (P < 0.05). Moreover, when comparing raw milk, pasteurized milk, and cottage cheese samples, a significant difference was observed in Salmonella prevalence from raw milk samples (27.08%) collected in the Oromia region. Additionally, data showed a significantly higher prevalence of Salmonella in samples collected from raw milk producers (29.17%) during the wet season (P < 0.05). This study indicates that in order to enhance the safety of dairy products in Ethiopia, comprehensive, long-term awareness building on hygienic milk production and handling that consider seasonal influence is warranted.

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Prevalence and antimicrobial susceptibility of Salmonella species from lactating cows in dairy farm of Bahir Dar Town, Ethiopia

Cited by 8 publications

References 26 publications

Designing Nerve Growth Factor Analogues to Suppress Pain Signal Transduction Mediated by the p75NTR-NGF-TrkA Complex: A Structural and Biophysical Perspective

Designing Nerve Growth Factor Analogues to Suppress Pain Signal Transduction Mediated by the p75NTR-NGF-TrkA Complex: A Structural and Biophysical Perspective

Antimicrobial Susceptibility Profile of Salmonella, and Escherichia Coli K99 from Diarrheic Calves in and Around Awash Fentale District of Afar Region, Eastern Ethiopia

Seasonal variation of Salmonella enterica prevalence in milk and cottage cheese along the dairy value chain in three regions of Ethiopia

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