Prevalence and Associated Factors of Metabolic Syndrome Among South Korean Adults

Park, SiNae; Kim, Shin‐Jeong; Lee, Myungnam; Kang, Kyungsik; Hendrix, E

doi:10.1080/07370016.2015.992266

Cited by 11 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…The reported prevalence range of MS varied widely from 1.6 to 29.6% in men and 10.1 to 32.8% in women [8]. The NCEP-ATP III-derived definition of MS was used in this study, and the MS prevalence was similar with that reported in other studies using the same definition [24, 25]. …”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 63%

The prevalence trend of metabolic syndrome and its components and risk factors in Korean adults: results from the Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2008–2013

Tran¹,

Jeong²,

Oh³

2017

BMC Public Health

112

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BackgroundAbnormalities in the clinical markers of metabolic syndrome (MS) are associated with the development of cardiovascular disease, type 2 diabetes mellitus, and some cancers. MS prevalence in Korea increased between the mid-1990s and mid-2000s; however, no data on the recent trends of MS prevalence are available. Thus, we aimed to investigate the prevalence of MS, the five components of MS, and the related risk factors in Korean adults by using recent data.MethodsData from the Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey conducted between 2008 and 2013 were used. The revised National Cholesterol Education Program criteria were used for defining MS. A multivariate logistic regression analyses was used to estimate the relationship between the related risk factors including behaviors, dietary factors, and the prevalence of MS.ResultsA total of 34,587 men and women were included in the analysis. Age-adjusted prevalence of MS in 2013 was 28.9% without a significant increasing or decreasing trend between 2008 and 2013. Among the five components of MS, abdominal obesity decreased in both men and women (annual percent change: −2.0 and −2.5%, respectively), the decrease being significant only in women, whereas blood pressure and blood glucose significantly increased in men (+1.9 and +2.7%, respectively). Age and obesity (odds ratio = 6.7, 95% confidence interval = 5.9–7.5 for body mass index ≥25 kg/m2 vs. body mass index <25 kg/m2) were associated with increased MS risk in both men and women. Smoking and alcohol drinking were significantly associated with increased MS risk in men, and association between MS and vitamin D deficiency was at the edge of statistical significance. Higher education and income level were significantly associated with decreased MS risk in women. During this period, smoking rate and physical activity, sodium intake, and serum vitamin D level significantly decreased. Education level, calorie intake, and intake of carbohydrate, fat, protein and calcium significantly increased.ConclusionSeveral factors contribute to the stable MS prevalence—on the one hand, increased prevalence of high blood sugar, high blood pressure, calorie intake, and physical inactivity, and on the other hand, decreased prevalence of abdominal obesity and smoking. Lifestyle interventions to prevent and control non-communicable diseases should be implemented at the national level to reduce the burden of MS.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 63%

The prevalence trend of metabolic syndrome and its components and risk factors in Korean adults: results from the Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2008–2013

Tran¹,

Jeong²,

Oh³

2017

BMC Public Health

112

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“…Each of the psychosocial variables of depression, physical activity, and smoking were related to MetS and/or other chronic diseases/syndromes (Dirik & Karanci, 2010;Park, Kim, Lee, Kang, & Hendrix, 2015;Shen, Findley, Banerjea, & Sambamoorthi, 2010). Clinical depression was related to MetS in both cross-sectional (Huang et al, 2011) and cohort (Butnoriene, Bunevicius, Norkus, & Bunevicius, 2014) studies and with individual components of MetS, including obesity (Lin, Liang, Liao, & Tsay, 2014) and elevated glucose (Luppino, Bouvy, Giltay, Penninx, & Zitman, 2014).…”

Section: Psychosocial Predictorsmentioning

confidence: 98%

Biopsychosocial Contributors to Metabolic Syndrome

Saylor

Friedmann

2015

Nursing Research

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“…Similar increasing trends have been observed in Europe and other countries [ 2 , 5 ]. According to the National Cholesterol Education Program’s Adult Treatment Panel III criteria, and per the World Health Organization Asia-Pacific guidelines, the prevalence of metabolic syndrome was approximately 28.2% in the general population of Korea in 2012 [ 6 ]. The mortality rate due to cardiovascular disease has increased from 35.6 to 52.4 out of 100,000 persons over 2003–2014.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Association between thyroid hormones and the components of metabolic syndrome

et al. 2018

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BackgroundThyroid hormones are known to have direct and indirect effects on metabolism. Individuals with metabolic syndrome, a disease that is growing in incidence at a rapid rate, are at higher risk for cardiovascular disease, diabetes, and cancer. The aim of this study was to identify whether significant correlations exist between thyroid hormone levels and components of the metabolic syndrome in the general population of Korea.MethodsThe data were collected from the sixth Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys from 2013 to 2015. A total of 1423 participants were tested for thyroid function. The analysis of variance and multiple linear regression were performed to analyze the relationship between thyroid hormone level and components of the metabolic syndrome.ResultsA positive association between free thyroxine and fasting glucose level was observed in patients with high free thyroxine levels (≥1.70 ng/dL, β = 15.992, p = < 0.0001), when compared with patients with normal-middle free thyroxine levels. Moreover, a negative association was observed between free thyroxine and triglyceride levels in patients with normal-high free thyroxine levels (β = − 21.145, p = 0.0054) and those with high free thyroxine levels (β = − 49.713, p = 0.0404).ConclusionFree thyroxine shows a partially positive association with fasting glucose and a partially negative association with triglycerides in the Korean population. In patients with abnormal thyroid function, follow up tests for glucose levels and lipid profiling during treatment for thyroid dysfunction would be beneficial in terms of overlooking metabolic syndrome and to prevent related diseases.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (10.1186/s12902-018-0256-0) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

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Prevalence and Associated Factors of Metabolic Syndrome Among South Korean Adults

Cited by 11 publications

References 28 publications

The prevalence trend of metabolic syndrome and its components and risk factors in Korean adults: results from the Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2008–2013

The prevalence trend of metabolic syndrome and its components and risk factors in Korean adults: results from the Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2008–2013

Biopsychosocial Contributors to Metabolic Syndrome

Association between thyroid hormones and the components of metabolic syndrome

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