Prevalence and associated factors of cataract and cataract-related blindness in the Russian Ural Eye and Medical Study

Abstract

To assess the prevalence of cataract and cataract surgery in a population from Russia, we conducted the population-based Ural Eye and Medical Study with 5899 participants (80.5% out of 7328 eligible individuals), with an age of 40 + years as the eligibility criterion. In the phakic population, the prevalence of nuclear, cortical, subcapsular cataract and any cataract was 38.0% [95% confidence interval (CI) 36.6, 39.3], 14.5% (95% CI 13.5, 15.5), 0.6% (95% CI 0.4, 0.8) and 44.6% (95% CI 43.2, 46.0), respectively. A higher prevalence of nuclear cataract was associated with older age [odds ratio (OR) 1.10; 95% CI 1.10, 1.11], the female sex (OR 1.27; 95% CI 1.08, 1.50), urban region (OR 2.00; 95% CI 1.71, 2.33), a low educational level (OR 0.93; 95% CI 0.88, 0.98), a high diastolic blood pressure (OR 1.01; 95% CI 1.001, 1.02), a low serum concentration of high-density lipoproteins (OR 0.91; 95% CI 0.84, 0.98), more smoking package years (OR 1.01; 95% CI 1.01, 1.02), chronic kidney disease (OR 1.02; 95% CI 1.10, 1.03), a short axial length (OR 0.93; 95% CI 0.86, 0.99), and a low prevalence of age-related macular degeneration (OR 0.72; 95% CI 0.57, 0.92). The prevalence of previous cataract surgery conducted in 354/5885 individuals (6.0%; 95% CI 5.4, 6.6) increased from 0.4% (95% CI 0.0, 1.0) in the age group of 40–45 years to 37.6% (95% CI 30.9, 44.4) in the age group of 80 + years. Cataract was the cause of moderate-to-severe vision impairment in 109 (1.8%) individuals and of blindness in three (0.05%) individuals. The prevalence of cataract and cataract-related MSVI and blindness were relatively high; subsequently, the prevalence of previous cataract surgery was relatively low in this population from Russia.

Visually significant cataract and associated factors among older people attending a community ophthalmic service in central Gondar Zone, Northwest Ethiopia: a cross-sectional study

“…However, the prevalence in our study was lower than those in reported in Debre Markos Hospital, Ethiopia (57%), 8 Tamil Nadu (62.8%), 27 and Russia (44.6%). 28 These differences might be owing to variations in the study populations, sample sizes, and study areas. For instance, most participants in studies conducted in Tamil Nadu and Russia were aged ≥50 years.…”

Axisymmetric Finite Element Modelling of the Human Lens Complex under Cataract Surgery

“…Prokofyeva and co-workers reported that the prevalence of this disease in Europe increased from 5% of the population between 52 and 62 years-old and from 30% for 60-69 years old to 64% in population above 70 years-old (between 2000 and 2009) [1]. More recent studies by Flaxman and co-workers and Bikbov and co-workers have not only confirmed this tendency, but forecasted further growth of cases [2,3]. Cataract surgery with intraocular lens (IOL) implantation has been quickly evolving over the years, with the development of new technology and techniques, such as phacoemulsification and new materials for IOL, making it a safer and more reliable procedure [4][5][6].…”

Two-stage treatment of ametropia in patients with keratoconus and cataracts

“…С ростом численности населения старшей возрастной группы (≥ 65 лет) на 15,1 % в сравнении с уровнем увеличения общей численности населения на 9,7 % [4,5], количество больных с катарактой также увеличивается и, следовательно, возрастает и число операций по её экстракции, в том числе и у пациентов с КК. Частота развития катаракты у пациентов с КК выше и нередко отмечается в более молодом возрасте, чем в общей популяции [6].…”

“…При этом показатели НКОЗ и МКОЗ к концу первого месяца в исследуемых группах практически не отличались (рис. 3,4).…”