Prevalence and Associated Risk Factors of Hyperglycemia and Diabetes Mellitus Among HIV Positive Patients in Tehran, Iran

Rasoolinejad, Mehrnaz; Najafi, Ehsan; Hadadi, Azar; Najafi, Masood; Kalantari, Saeed; Moradmand-Badie, Banafsheh; Tayeri, Katayoun; SeyedAlinaghi, SeyedAhmad

doi:10.2174/1871526518666180723152715

Cited by 10 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…41 Advanced age, male gender, high BMI, and duration of living with HIV increase the risk of developing diabetes. 42 For the development of diabetes in PLWH, the mechanisms are multifactorial. A multicenter cohort study by Zhang et al 43 identified multiple plasma lipid species associated with diabetes, this association was enhanced in PLWH on ART.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Carotid Ultrasound Abnormalities of People Living With HIV in Kunming, China: Multiple Correspondence Analysis Approach to Identify Influencing Factors

Pan

et al. 2023

Int J STD AIDS

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Background With the use of antiretroviral therapy (ART), the life expectancy of people living with HIV (PLWH) is gradually increasing, but subclinical atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease is becoming increasingly common in PLWH. Methods We obtained data from 326 PLWH. Based on the results of carotid ultrasonography, we divided patients into normal and abnormal carotid ultrasound groups and performed the χ2 test and multiple correspondence analysis (MCA) to determine the influencing factors of abnormal carotid ultrasound. Results Among the 326 PLWH, the overall abnormality rate of carotid ultrasound was 31.9% (104/326). MCA showed that carotid ultrasound abnormalities were markedly more common in patients with age (non-youth), BMI ≥24.0 kg/m2, hypertension, diabetes, hyperlipidemia, ART treatment ≥5 years, and CD4+T lymphocyte count <200/μL. Conclusion Carotid ultrasound is more likely to be abnormal when PLWH have higher age, BMI ≥24.0 kg/m2, hypertension, diabetes, hyperlipidemia, a longer course of ART, and a low CD4+ T lymphocyte count.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Carotid Ultrasound Abnormalities of People Living With HIV in Kunming, China: Multiple Correspondence Analysis Approach to Identify Influencing Factors

Pan

et al. 2023

Int J STD AIDS

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“…This is in contrast to the results of this study whereby no association between duration of infection and any comorbid condition was detected. Recently, an association between being a male, older age, prolonged duration of HIV infection, higher body mass index and higher prevalence of hyperglycemia was reported in Tehran [42] …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Recently, an association between being a male, older age, prolonged duration of HIV infection, higher body mass index and higher prevalence of hyperglycemia was reported in Tehran. [ 42 ]…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Trends & predictors of non-AIDS comorbidities among people living with HIV and receiving antiretroviral therapy in Lebanon

et al. 2022

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Combined antiretroviral therapy (cART) increased the life expectancy of people living with Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) (PLHIV) and remarkably reduced the morbidity and mortality associated with HIV infection. Consequently, PLHIV are experiencing non-acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) associated comorbid conditions including diabetes, hyperlipidemia, hypertension, and cardiovascular disease. The aim of this study is to determine the frequency of non-AIDS associated comorbid conditions among a cohort of PLHIV on cART in Lebanon. Data were collected between November 2018 and December 2019 from 105 voluntary participants. A standardized questionnaire was used to collect demographic and behavioral data including lifestyle, smoking, physical activity, substance use and abuse in addition to co-infections and family history of non-communicable diseases. Moreover, data on occurrence and treatment of cardiovascular disease, hypertension, diabetes, lipid and metabolic disorders as well as mental health were collected. Blood samples were used to assess the levels of fasting blood sugar (FBS), glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1C), triglycerides (TG), low-density lipoprotein (LDL), high-density lipoprotein, total cholesterol, and serum creatinine. Hypertension (29.5%) and hyperlipidemia (29.5%) followed by diabetes (23.7%) and cardiovascular disease (9.7%) were mainly reported among study participants. Higher rate of comorbid conditions was observed among participants >40 years of age than those ≤40 years with both hypertension and hyperlipidemia most commonly reported. Older age (odds ratio [OR] 7.6; 95% CI: 1.83-31.98; P = .005) is associated with higher odds of having hyperlipidemia. Moreover, participants on cART for ≥10 years are 5 times more likely to have hyperlipidemia (OR 5; 95% CI: 1.08-22.73; P = .039). Our results also showed that study participants did not experience anxiety, depression or somatic symptoms and that there was no association between these mental disorders and older age or comorbidities. Our results provide important information on HIV trends and associated comorbidities in Lebanon and can be used to improve the management of non-communicable diseases among PLHIV.

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“…The prevalence of type 1 diabetes was estimated at 0.1% [ 54 ]. Studies on the prevalence of comorbidities among PLHIV in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) region are currently lacking except for reports from Iran [ 55 ] whereby hyperglycemia was recently reported to be highly prevalent among a cohort of PLHIV. This study identified older age, male gender, higher BMI, and prolonged duration of HIV infection as associated risk factors [ 55 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Studies on the prevalence of comorbidities among PLHIV in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) region are currently lacking except for reports from Iran [ 55 ] whereby hyperglycemia was recently reported to be highly prevalent among a cohort of PLHIV. This study identified older age, male gender, higher BMI, and prolonged duration of HIV infection as associated risk factors [ 55 ]. Recently, diabetes mellitus followed by dyslipidemia and hypertension was predominantly reported among a small group of HIV-infected individuals in western Saudi Arabia with age being a major risk factor [ 56 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Expression of Killer Immunoglobulin Receptor Genes among HIV-Infected Individuals with Non-AIDS Comorbidities

Hassan

Hamdan

Asmar

et al. 2022

Journal of Immunology Research

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Combined antiretroviral therapy (cART) increased the life expectancy of people living with HIV (PLHIV) and remarkably reduced the morbidity and mortality associated with HIV infection. However, non-AIDS associated comorbidities including diabetes, hypertension, hyperlipidemia, and cardiovascular diseases (CVD) are increasingly reported among PLHIV receiving cART. Killer cell immunoglobulin receptors (KIRs) expressed on the surface of natural killer (NK) cells have been previously implicated in controlling HIV disease progression. The aim of this study is to investigate the role of KIRs in developing non-AIDS associated comorbidities among PLHIV. Demographic and behavioral data were collected from voluntary participants using a standardized questionnaire. Whole blood samples were collected for KIR genotyping. Hypertension (29.5%) and hyperlipidemia (29.5%) followed by diabetes (23.7%) and CVD (9.7%) were mainly reported among our study participants with higher rate of comorbid conditions observed among participants > 40 years old. The observed KIR frequency (OF) was ≥90% for inhibitory KIR2DL1 and KIR3DL1, activating KIR2DS4 and the pseudogene KIR2DP1 among study participants. We detected significant differences in the expression of KIR3DS4 and KIR3DL1 ( p = 0.038 ) between diabetic and nondiabetic and in the expression of KIR2DL3 between hypertensive and normotensive HIV-infected individuals ( p = 0.047 ). Moreover, KIR2DL1 and KIR2DP1 were associated with significantly reduced odds of having CVD (OR 0.08; 95% CI: 0.01-0.69; p = 0.022 ). Our study suggests the potential role of KIR in predisposition to non-AIDS comorbidities among PLHIV and underscores the need for more studies to further elucidate the role of KIRs in this population.

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Prevalence and Associated Risk Factors of Hyperglycemia and Diabetes Mellitus Among HIV Positive Patients in Tehran, Iran

Cited by 10 publications

References 18 publications

Carotid Ultrasound Abnormalities of People Living With HIV in Kunming, China: Multiple Correspondence Analysis Approach to Identify Influencing Factors

Carotid Ultrasound Abnormalities of People Living With HIV in Kunming, China: Multiple Correspondence Analysis Approach to Identify Influencing Factors

Trends & predictors of non-AIDS comorbidities among people living with HIV and receiving antiretroviral therapy in Lebanon

Expression of Killer Immunoglobulin Receptor Genes among HIV-Infected Individuals with Non-AIDS Comorbidities

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